Exam 12: The Individual Mind Personality and the Self

The Big Five theory is a trait theory that identifies five main characteristics that account for the ____.

Genetics account for a percentage of the variability seen in the population's personality.What is the source of the remaining percentage of variability?

Clancy's boss is very rude to Clancy and most of the staff.He tends to be cynical,uncooperative,and critical of his employees.This boss is particularly low on which of the following Big Five traits?

One of the most famous projective tests is the Rorschach Inkblot Test,which is ____.

Liz,who is very warm and friendly,is the life of the party.In fact,Liz invites friends over for parties or cookouts every weekend that she is free (i.e. ,when she's not involved with a book club,painting class,or yoga retreat).Although she appreciates her friend Alicia,and Alicia would be hurt not to be included,Alicia dampens the party with her anxiety,anger,hostility,and tendency toward depression.Liz never knows what she will do or say next.The Big Five trait that best describes this aspect of Alicia's personality is ____.

Karen Horney rejected many of Freud's ideas to concentrate on aspects of the culture that contributed to ____.

According to terror management theory,self-esteem works together with a cultural worldview to ____.

Jonah is a very physical and quite aggressive 8 year old.All his friends were signed up for soccer,but his parents chose football for him.This is an example of ____,because it redirects negative energy into a socially acceptable expression.

Jasmine received a C− on two Career Class exams in a row.The principal's office automatically sent her a standard,encouraging e-mail intended to boost the self-esteem of any student who does poorly on two assignments in a row in any subject.According to a research study described in the text,what is the most likely consequence of the e-mail?

What is the social-cognitive learning theory of personality that features the mutual influence of the person and situation on each other?

Geoffrey has put off studying for his Medieval Literature class all semester and worries that he will not do well on the final exam.He starts to drink beer and watch sports with his roommates every night,instead of studying for this big test.This is an example of ____.

The only species to show variations in conscientiousness are humans and ____.

Research showing that situations can exert a stronger influence on people's behavior than any individual predispositions highlights the ____.

To remember the Big Five traits,use the acronym ____.

Because learning is a lifetime process,behaviorists expected

Theorists who attempted to update and modify Sigmund Freud's original theory of personality are called ____.

The humanists are most interested in the ____.

Daryl is a painter and poet.His work often portrays fantasy images that evoke strong emotion.He loves to travel,particularly in Asia,to view the art at sacred sites and learn about local culture.The Big Five trait that best describes this aspect of Daryl's personality is ____.

What is a trait?

What do many psychologists believe is the process for developing self-esteem? Does it change over time? What might be the evolutionary purpose of self-esteem in humans? Provide an example of different responses to a situation based on whether the individual has high self-esteem or low self-esteem.