Exam 4: The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

Once the "threshold" for an action potential is reached what is the sequence of events that occur? 1)Potassium channels are activated and potassium ions move out of the neuron. 2)Sodium channels are activated and sodium ions move into the neuron. 3)The interior of the neuron becomes more negatively charged than the exterior. 4)The interior of the neuron becomes more positively charged than the exterior.

What does pons mean in Latin?

Among the many drugs that act on Ach is the ________ found in _____________.

The depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current that results from neurotransmitter activity at the synapses of the receiving neuron drifts to the junction of the ____.

The ____ is the division of the autonomic nervous system that coordinates arousal and involves the expenditure of energy.

A(n)____ is a neuron that carries information from the external environment,or from the body,back to the central nervous system.

What distinguishes a neuron from most other cell types?

____ is a neurotransmitter that contributes to arousal and vigilance.

Elaine,a graduate student in a neuroscience department,is interested in understanding the effects of popular herbal remedies on neuronal communication.After growing neurons in a petri dish,she exposes the neurons to several common herbal supplements.After performing a series of electrophysiology experiments,she notes that one class of herbal supplements caused the neurons to become depolarized.What does this mean?

A(n)____ is a neuron that carries commands from the central nervous system to muscles or glands.

Following the development of a brain tumor,Jerome starts to exhibit impulsive behavior with little regard for right or wrong.He attacks a man in a bar for looking at him the "wrong" way,breaking the man's nose and damaging bar property.Yet,he feels no remorse for the harm he has caused.The tumor is most likely in Jerome's ____.

The relationship between neurons and glia is similar to the relationship between ____.

The ____ is a subcortical structure that participates in the regulation of thirst,temperature,hunger,sexual behavior,and aggression.

Chemical messengers used in neuronal communication are referred to as ____.

Giacomo Rizzolatti and a team of Italian scientists conducted research that led to the discovery of "mirror neurons" in monkeys.Subsequent research using __________________ has indicated "mirror systems" in human

Marcus is excited to be working in the laboratory of Dr.Flores,an expert on electrical signaling in neurons.However,he is surprised to learn that the research is done on squid axons placed in sea water.He asks Dr.Flores the reasons for this.Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that Dr.Flores provides?

Damage to the midbrain would most likely result in ____.

Rodney,who has ____,takes medication to help offset the depletion of ____ in his brain.

Marguerite,a first-year doctoral student,scrutinizes the neural tissue that she prepared for study under her microscope.She knows from experience that the areas that look gray have a high density of cell bodies,while the areas that look white consist of large bundles of myelinated ____.

____ is a neurotransmitter that is found at the neuromuscular junction,in the autonomic nervous system,and in the central nervous system.