Exam 6: Weathering, Soil, and Sedimentary Rocks

A vertical sequence of a(n)____________________ facies shows an offshore facies superposed on nearshore facies.

How do soils that form in humid regions differ from soils that form in semi-arid regions in the environments in which they form and in their basic characteristics?

Laterite soils are typical of rainforests.

Briefly explain why water is such an important agent in chemical weathering.

Cross-beds indicate that current flow changed direction and the new direction flows across the old direction at an angle.

What are the four major types of coal,and which is the most valuable?

How are oil and gas trapped in rock strata? What are these traps called?

Explain how fossils,and especially microfossils,can be used to help determine ancient depositional environments.

A rock may be subjected to either mechanical or chemical weathering,but never both at the same time.

Which coal contains the most carbon and is the hottest burning?

How do detrital sedimentary rocks differ from chemical sedimentary rocks?

Briefly explain how exfoliation domes form.

Banded iron formations consist of alternating thin layers of chert and iron minerals.

Current flow direction can be determined by cross-beds and ripple marks.

Under what conditions do carbonates form?

The most important factor controlling soil formation is ____________________.

A well-sorted sediment might consist of:

Sediment becomes sedimentary rock by the process known as ____________________,which involves the ____________________ of grains,loss of water,and ____________________ whereby material is precipitated in pore spaces and binds grains together.

How does regolith differ from soil?

A(n)____________________ soil forms where the parent material has weathered,whereas ____________________ soil develops from eroded material that was weathered at another location.