Chat with AIExam 13: Glaciers and Glaciation
How and where do glaciers form?
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VerifiedGlaciers form in any area where more snow falls than melts during the warmer seasons,so there is a net accumulation.This fresh snow contains about 80% air-filled pore space,but it compacts as new snow falls on it,partially thaws,and refreezes,and eventually makes a granular type of snow called firn.The firn is buried and further compacted as more snow falls,and eventually,it is recrystallized into glacial ice,which contains much less air than fresh snow.
What conditions are needed for glaciers to form and be maintained? As a result of these conditions,where are glaciers found?
(82) VerifiedGlaciers form where there is a lot of snowfall and temperatures are cold.Since temperatures are colder at higher altitudes and latitudes,these regions have glaciers if they receive enough snow.The mountains of California receive a lot of snow,but only very high mountains are cold enough to maintain glaciers.Glaciers cover the continents in the far north and south,e.g. ,Greenland and Antarctica.
In a cross-section of a glacier,the greatest flow velocities occur:
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The presence of ____________________ in the upper 40 m or so of a glacier indicates that this portion behaves not as a plastic but as a(n)____________________ solid.
(86) A glacial landform with steep-walled,pyramidal peaks formed by headward erosion of glaciers on at least three sides is a(n):
(59) Finely laminated,alternating light and dark layers of sediment deposited in a glacial lake are known as glacial ____________________.
(71) Near the margins of the Greenland ice sheet,where glacial ice is forced between mountains so that it has an extremely high flow rate,it is called a surging glacier.
(76) If the firn limit on a glacier does not change from year to year,the glacier has a balanced snow budget.
(79) There is good evidence that variation in solar energy,as evinced by sunspot activity cycles,is responsible for short-term climatic variations.
(86) The zone of ____________________ is the portion of a glacier where additions exceed losses.
(87) Glaciers are geologically important because they erode,transport,and deposit so much material.
(66) The present glacial landscapes mainly formed during an Ice Age that lasted from ____________________ years to ____________________ years ago.
(84) How does the water bound in glaciers eventually reenter the hydrologic cycle?
(86) A glacier that is now longer flowing is called a(n)____________________ glacier.
(82) Straight scratches on rock surfaces created by glacial abrasion are known as:
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