Question 1

The correlation coefficient tells us

Accepted Answer

A)  the general shape of the scatterplot. 
B)  which variable causes the other. 
C)  how well we can predict the level of one variable from the level of the other. 
D)  more than one of the above 
A)  the general shape of the scatterplot. 
B)  which variable causes the other. 
C)  how well we can predict the level of one variable from the level of the other. 
D)  more than one of the above

Question 2

What is true of risk factors,in the context of epidemiological studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  If a person possesses a risk factor, it's certain that he or she will develop the disease or disorder at some point. 
B)  Identification of risk factors can be useful to target people for assessment and treatment. 
C)  Both of the above are true. 
D)  Neither of the above is true. 
A)  If a person possesses a risk factor, it's certain that he or she will develop the disease or disorder at some point. 
B)  Identification of risk factors can be useful to target people for assessment and treatment. 
C)  Both of the above are true. 
D)  Neither of the above is true.

Question 3

A double-blind study

Accepted Answer

A)  helps guard against the effects of experimenter expectations. 
B)  involves giving patients the treatment they least expect. 
C)  necessarily involves the use of a placebo. 
D)  is high in external validity. 
A)  helps guard against the effects of experimenter expectations. 
B)  involves giving patients the treatment they least expect. 
C)  necessarily involves the use of a placebo. 
D)  is high in external validity.

Question 4

Why is deception sometimes used in psychological research? What are some objections to its use?

Accepted Answer

Deception is sometimes used in psycholog

Question 5

Researchers at a psychology clinic screen all new clients via phone interview,and over a few weeks have a list of 40 new clients who meet criteria for depression.Twenty receive cognitive-behavioral treatment,and the other twenty are told that they are on a waiting list.The independent variable in this study is __________,and the dependent variable is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  depression level; treatment 
B)  treatment; depression level 
C)  length of study; depression level 
D)  treatment; length of study 
A)  depression level; treatment 
B)  treatment; depression level 
C)  length of study; depression level 
D)  treatment; length of study

Question 6

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the case study method?

Accepted Answer

The case study method has several streng

Question 7

What is the term for the visual representation of data,in correlational research,that shows how each individual scored on each of two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  scree plot 
B)  histogram 
C)  scatterplot 
D)  correlation matrix 
A)  scree plot 
B)  histogram 
C)  scatterplot 
D)  correlation matrix

Question 8

What is the difference between statistical and practical significance? Provide an example to illustrate.

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance and practical s

Question 9

According to recent epidemiological data,women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  mood disorders and anxiety disorders. 
B)  mood disorders, but not anxiety disorders. 
C)  anxiety disorders, but not mood disorders. 
D)  neither mood disorders nor anxiety disorders. 
A)  mood disorders and anxiety disorders. 
B)  mood disorders, but not anxiety disorders. 
C)  anxiety disorders, but not mood disorders. 
D)  neither mood disorders nor anxiety disorders.

Question 10

What is the "third-variable problem"?

Accepted Answer

A)  When a researcher measures so many variables that it's difficult to make sense of the data. 
B)  When a research considers only one direction of causation between two variables that are strongly correlated. 
C)  When a researcher measures variables that are not relevant to the relationship he or she is most interested in. 
D)  When a researcher fails to consider that two variables may be correlated due only to the effects of some unmeasured third variable. 
A)  When a researcher measures so many variables that it's difficult to make sense of the data. 
B)  When a research considers only one direction of causation between two variables that are strongly correlated. 
C)  When a researcher measures variables that are not relevant to the relationship he or she is most interested in. 
D)  When a researcher fails to consider that two variables may be correlated due only to the effects of some unmeasured third variable.

Question 11

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of the placebo effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is caused by participants' expectations. 
B)  It may be controlled through use of the double-blind procedure. 
C)  It is only a factor in medication trials. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  It is caused by participants' expectations. 
B)  It may be controlled through use of the double-blind procedure. 
C)  It is only a factor in medication trials. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 12

Briefly compare and contrast unsystematic,naturalistic,and controlled observation methods.

Accepted Answer

Unsystematic observation involves casual

Question 13

Case studies have proven useful for

Accepted Answer

A)  disconfirming universally known or accepted information. 
B)  generating testable hypotheses. 
C)  describing unusual phenomena or novel treatments. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  disconfirming universally known or accepted information. 
B)  generating testable hypotheses. 
C)  describing unusual phenomena or novel treatments. 
D)  all of the above

Question 14

What are some threats to the validity of epidemiological research?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological research is crucial for

Question 15

A major advantage of within-group experimental designs is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  require fewer participants than between-groups designs. 
B)  are more valid than between-groups designs. 
C)  allow for higher numbers of participants than between-groups designs. 
D)  are more flexible than between-groups designs. 
A)  require fewer participants than between-groups designs. 
B)  are more valid than between-groups designs. 
C)  allow for higher numbers of participants than between-groups designs. 
D)  are more flexible than between-groups designs.

Question 16

The ABAB design

Accepted Answer

A)  is an example of a single-case design with alternating treatment and no-treatment phases. 
B)  involves measuring participants on two separate variables of interest. 
C)  has been recognized as the most externally valid form of clinical research. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  is an example of a single-case design with alternating treatment and no-treatment phases. 
B)  involves measuring participants on two separate variables of interest. 
C)  has been recognized as the most externally valid form of clinical research. 
D)  none of the above

Question 17

Deception in psychological research

Accepted Answer

A)  has been illegal since the early 1900s. 
B)  should be used only when it is not possible to use non-deceptive methods. 
C)  usually fails to conceal the hypotheses under study. 
D)  was legal until 1980, but is currently illegal. 
A)  has been illegal since the early 1900s. 
B)  should be used only when it is not possible to use non-deceptive methods. 
C)  usually fails to conceal the hypotheses under study. 
D)  was legal until 1980, but is currently illegal.

Question 18

Researchers conduct a correlational study and find that as the quality of the client-therapist relationship increases,so does the quality of the therapy outcome.The r statistic that would most likely represent this finding is

Accepted Answer

A)  r < .05. 
B)  r = -.70. 
C)  r = .70. 
D)  r = -.05. 
A)  r < .05. 
B)  r = -.70. 
C)  r = .70. 
D)  r = -.05.

Question 19

Traditionally,a correlation is deemed statistically significant if it

Accepted Answer

A)  is less than -.05 or greater than .05. 
B)  would occur by chance alone less than 5 times out of 100. 
C)  is less than -.95 or greater than .95. 
D)  is greater than 1.00. 
A)  is less than -.05 or greater than .05. 
B)  would occur by chance alone less than 5 times out of 100. 
C)  is less than -.95 or greater than .95. 
D)  is greater than 1.00.

Question 20

Identify at least four general elements of the consent form for a study.

Accepted Answer

A consent form for a study, particularly

The correlation coefficient tells us

What is true of risk factors,in the context of epidemiological studies?

A double-blind study

Why is deception sometimes used in psychological research? What are some objections to its use?

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the case study method?

What is the term for the visual representation of data,in correlational research,that shows how each individual scored on each of two variables?

What is the difference between statistical and practical significance? Provide an example to illustrate.

According to recent epidemiological data,women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with

What is the "third-variable problem"?

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of the placebo effect?

Briefly compare and contrast unsystematic,naturalistic,and controlled observation methods.

Case studies have proven useful for

What are some threats to the validity of epidemiological research?

A major advantage of within-group experimental designs is that they

The ABAB design

Deception in psychological research

Researchers conduct a correlational study and find that as the quality of the client-therapist relationship increases,so does the quality of the therapy outcome.The r statistic that would most likely represent this finding is

Traditionally,a correlation is deemed statistically significant if it

Identify at least four general elements of the consent form for a study.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Behavioral Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters

Exam 4: Research Methods in Clinical Psychology

The correlation coefficient tells us

What is true of risk factors,in the context of epidemiological studies?

A double-blind study

Why is deception sometimes used in psychological research? What are some objections to its use?

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the case study method?

What is the term for the visual representation of data,in correlational research,that shows how each individual scored on each of two variables?

What is the difference between statistical and practical significance? Provide an example to illustrate.

According to recent epidemiological data,women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with

What is the "third-variable problem"?

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of the placebo effect?

Briefly compare and contrast unsystematic,naturalistic,and controlled observation methods.

Case studies have proven useful for

What are some threats to the validity of epidemiological research?

A major advantage of within-group experimental designs is that they

The ABAB design

Deception in psychological research

Researchers conduct a correlational study and find that as the quality of the client-therapist relationship increases,so does the quality of the therapy outcome.The r statistic that would most likely represent this finding is

Traditionally,a correlation is deemed statistically significant if it

Identify at least four general elements of the consent form for a study.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Behavioral Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters