Question 1

A study that aims to measure the number of people in a particular city who are diagnosable with generalized anxiety disorder is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the case study method. 
B)  multivariate research. 
C)  epidemiological research. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  the case study method. 
B)  multivariate research. 
C)  epidemiological research. 
D)  none of the above C

Question 2

Which of the following statements about factor analysis is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Factor analysis is a type of correlational method. 
B)  Factor analysis is used to determine cause and effect in a large array of variables. 
C)  A factor analysis is only as useful as the measures that are included in the analysis. 
D)  All of the above statements are true of factor analysis. 
A)  Factor analysis is a type of correlational method. 
B)  Factor analysis is used to determine cause and effect in a large array of variables. 
C)  A factor analysis is only as useful as the measures that are included in the analysis. 
D)  All of the above statements are true of factor analysis. B

Question 3

Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation over controlled observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  less artificiality 
B)  greater ability of the researcher to manipulate variables 
C)  greater internal validity 
D)  greater compliance with the APA ethical code 
A)  less artificiality 
B)  greater ability of the researcher to manipulate variables 
C)  greater internal validity 
D)  greater compliance with the APA ethical code A

Question 4

Briefly compare and contrast experimental and correlational research methods.

Accepted Answer

Experimental and correlational research

Question 5

In an experimental procedure,the variable that is under the control of the experimenter is known as the __________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  extraneous 
C)  independent 
D)  matching 
A)  dependent 
B)  extraneous 
C)  independent 
D)  matching

Question 6

External validity is essentially

Accepted Answer

A)  the strength of the cause-effect relationship. 
B)  irrelevant to experimental research. 
C)  assured by using a double-blind procedure. 
D)  generalizability to situations beyond the specific study context. 
A)  the strength of the cause-effect relationship. 
B)  irrelevant to experimental research. 
C)  assured by using a double-blind procedure. 
D)  generalizability to situations beyond the specific study context.

Question 7

Dr.Greene would like to conduct an externally valid study on the topic of social anxiety.Which study methodology below is most likely to yield results that are externally valid?

Accepted Answer

A)  case study of an individual with social anxiety 
B)  single-case design examining the effects of imagery exercises in a person with social anxiety 
C)  epidemiological study to estimate the prevalence of social anxiety 
D)  experimental study examining the effects of group therapy (versus being waitlisted) on social anxiety 
A)  case study of an individual with social anxiety 
B)  single-case design examining the effects of imagery exercises in a person with social anxiety 
C)  epidemiological study to estimate the prevalence of social anxiety 
D)  experimental study examining the effects of group therapy (versus being waitlisted) on social anxiety

Question 8

Dr.Paulus conducts a study that compares the success of two 8-week weight-loss regimens.She uses statistics to compare the mean number of pounds lost by participants in each condition and comes up with a p-value of .08.What is the safest conclusion for her to draw?

Accepted Answer

A)  The results of the study are statistically significant. 
B)  The difference in mean weight loss between groups may have been caused by chance alone. 
C)  The difference in mean weight loss between groups was too great to have been a chance finding. 
D)  One could expect similar levels of weight loss in the population at large. 
A)  The results of the study are statistically significant. 
B)  The difference in mean weight loss between groups may have been caused by chance alone. 
C)  The difference in mean weight loss between groups was too great to have been a chance finding. 
D)  One could expect similar levels of weight loss in the population at large.

Question 9

If the hypothesis states that A causes B and the r statistic demonstrates that A and B have a correlation of 0,it can be concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)  A causes B. 
B)  B causes A. 
C)  A does not cause B. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  A causes B. 
B)  B causes A. 
C)  A does not cause B. 
D)  none of the above

Question 10

Describe the general structure of an ABAB research design.What are the advantages and disadvantages of its use?

Accepted Answer

The general structure of an ABAB researc

Question 11

A psychologist notices that one client tends to arrive late for appointments if the client discussed emotionally difficult material during the previous session.The term for this research method is

Accepted Answer

A)  unsystematic observation. 
B)  controlled observation. 
C)  intuitive analysis. 
D)  naturalistic observation. 
A)  unsystematic observation. 
B)  controlled observation. 
C)  intuitive analysis. 
D)  naturalistic observation.

Question 12

Researchers on a college campus conduct an epidemiological study regarding criminal activity.They interview students about their personal histories of criminal activity,and the students underestimate the amount of criminal activity in which they have participated.This inaccuracy is probably due to

Accepted Answer

A)  retrospective reporting. 
B)  social desirability. 
C)  either of the above 
D)  neither of the above 
A)  retrospective reporting. 
B)  social desirability. 
C)  either of the above 
D)  neither of the above

Question 13

Which of the following would constitute a violation of the ethical standard of confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

A)  At a conference, a psychologist presents the neuropsychological assessment scores for an Alzheimer's patient, telling the audience only that the data came from "a 64-year-old Caucasian male." 
B)  A professor shows a portion of a therapy session with one of his clients during a graduate seminar, after having obtained the client's consent to do so. 
C)  A study author indicates that participants were 203 undergraduate students enrolled in introductory psychology at the university during fall 2011. 
D)  None of the above scenarios involves a breach of confidentiality. 
A)  At a conference, a psychologist presents the neuropsychological assessment scores for an Alzheimer's patient, telling the audience only that the data came from "a 64-year-old Caucasian male." 
B)  A professor shows a portion of a therapy session with one of his clients during a graduate seminar, after having obtained the client's consent to do so. 
C)  A study author indicates that participants were 203 undergraduate students enrolled in introductory psychology at the university during fall 2011. 
D)  None of the above scenarios involves a breach of confidentiality.

Question 14

Which of the following is the best example of a confounding variable jeopardizing the internal validity of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers perform a factor analysis and, in the inferential factor-naming stage, assign names to the factors that cause disagreements with other researchers. 
B)  A participant in a psychotherapy effectiveness study receives counseling from a minister in addition to the therapy provided in the study. 
C)  A participant in a psychotherapy study who is placed on a waiting list receives no treatment at all while other participants in the same study are receiving psychotherapy. 
D)  Two variables are found to correlate highly with each other, when in fact they are both caused by a third, unmeasured, variable. 
A)  Researchers perform a factor analysis and, in the inferential factor-naming stage, assign names to the factors that cause disagreements with other researchers. 
B)  A participant in a psychotherapy effectiveness study receives counseling from a minister in addition to the therapy provided in the study. 
C)  A participant in a psychotherapy study who is placed on a waiting list receives no treatment at all while other participants in the same study are receiving psychotherapy. 
D)  Two variables are found to correlate highly with each other, when in fact they are both caused by a third, unmeasured, variable.

Question 15

Researchers show participants one of several short films that vary in the extent to which they provoke anger,and they measure the heart rates of each participant immediately after each film.This research method is best described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  series of case studies. 
B)  unsystematic observation. 
C)  controlled observation. 
D)  naturalistic observation. 
A)  series of case studies. 
B)  unsystematic observation. 
C)  controlled observation. 
D)  naturalistic observation.

Question 16

When we are not sure that the obtained result of an experimental study is really attributable to our manipulation of the independent variable,we are questioning the __________ of the study.

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizability 
B)  external validity 
C)  internal validity 
D)  correlational nature 
A)  generalizability 
B)  external validity 
C)  internal validity 
D)  correlational nature

Question 17

ALL BUT WHICH of the following are necessary elements of a study debriefing?

Accepted Answer

A)  an explanation for why the study was done 
B)  if deception was used in the study, an explanation for why deception was necessary 
C)  a description of the study results (or how to obtain this information when the study is complete) 
D)  the credentials of all the researchers involved in the study 
A)  an explanation for why the study was done 
B)  if deception was used in the study, an explanation for why deception was necessary 
C)  a description of the study results (or how to obtain this information when the study is complete) 
D)  the credentials of all the researchers involved in the study

Question 18

Epidemiological researchers who are trying to measure the number of 25-year-olds who are depressed should ideally ask

Accepted Answer

A)  people who are 25 at the time to report on their current symptoms. 
B)  people who are 26 at the time to report on symptoms from 1 year ago. 
C)  people who are 30 at the time to report on symptoms from 5 years ago. 
D)  an equal number from each of the above groups. 
A)  people who are 25 at the time to report on their current symptoms. 
B)  people who are 26 at the time to report on symptoms from 1 year ago. 
C)  people who are 30 at the time to report on symptoms from 5 years ago. 
D)  an equal number from each of the above groups.

Question 19

A drug company has developed a new treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.They design a study that looks at the effectiveness of the drug separately in boys and girls across three different dosage levels.What is the term for this type of study design?

Accepted Answer

A)  AB study design 
B)  mixed study design 
C)  within-subjects design 
D)  correlational design 
A)  AB study design 
B)  mixed study design 
C)  within-subjects design 
D)  correlational design

Question 20

__________ is a statistical method that utilizes many separate correlations in order to determine which variables change in concert and thus can be considered functionally related.

Accepted Answer

A)  Latent correlation 
B)  Scatterplot analysis 
C)  Multiple correlation 
D)  Factor analysis 
A)  Latent correlation 
B)  Scatterplot analysis 
C)  Multiple correlation 
D)  Factor analysis

A study that aims to measure the number of people in a particular city who are diagnosable with generalized anxiety disorder is an example of

Which of the following statements about factor analysis is NOT true?

Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation over controlled observation?

Briefly compare and contrast experimental and correlational research methods.

In an experimental procedure,the variable that is under the control of the experimenter is known as the __________ variable.

External validity is essentially

Dr.Greene would like to conduct an externally valid study on the topic of social anxiety.Which study methodology below is most likely to yield results that are externally valid?

Dr.Paulus conducts a study that compares the success of two 8-week weight-loss regimens.She uses statistics to compare the mean number of pounds lost by participants in each condition and comes up with a p-value of .08.What is the safest conclusion for her to draw?

If the hypothesis states that A causes B and the r statistic demonstrates that A and B have a correlation of 0,it can be concluded that

Describe the general structure of an ABAB research design.What are the advantages and disadvantages of its use?

A psychologist notices that one client tends to arrive late for appointments if the client discussed emotionally difficult material during the previous session.The term for this research method is

Researchers on a college campus conduct an epidemiological study regarding criminal activity.They interview students about their personal histories of criminal activity,and the students underestimate the amount of criminal activity in which they have participated.This inaccuracy is probably due to

Which of the following would constitute a violation of the ethical standard of confidentiality?

Which of the following is the best example of a confounding variable jeopardizing the internal validity of a study?

Researchers show participants one of several short films that vary in the extent to which they provoke anger,and they measure the heart rates of each participant immediately after each film.This research method is best described as a(n)

When we are not sure that the obtained result of an experimental study is really attributable to our manipulation of the independent variable,we are questioning the __________ of the study.

ALL BUT WHICH of the following are necessary elements of a study debriefing?

Epidemiological researchers who are trying to measure the number of 25-year-olds who are depressed should ideally ask

A drug company has developed a new treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.They design a study that looks at the effectiveness of the drug separately in boys and girls across three different dosage levels.What is the term for this type of study design?

__________ is a statistical method that utilizes many separate correlations in order to determine which variables change in concert and thus can be considered functionally related.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Behavioral Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters

Exam 4: Research Methods in Clinical Psychology

A study that aims to measure the number of people in a particular city who are diagnosable with generalized anxiety disorder is an example of

Which of the following statements about factor analysis is NOT true?

Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation over controlled observation?

Briefly compare and contrast experimental and correlational research methods.

In an experimental procedure,the variable that is under the control of the experimenter is known as the __________ variable.

External validity is essentially

Dr.Greene would like to conduct an externally valid study on the topic of social anxiety.Which study methodology below is most likely to yield results that are externally valid?

Dr.Paulus conducts a study that compares the success of two 8-week weight-loss regimens.She uses statistics to compare the mean number of pounds lost by participants in each condition and comes up with a p-value of .08.What is the safest conclusion for her to draw?

If the hypothesis states that A causes B and the r statistic demonstrates that A and B have a correlation of 0,it can be concluded that

Describe the general structure of an ABAB research design.What are the advantages and disadvantages of its use?

A psychologist notices that one client tends to arrive late for appointments if the client discussed emotionally difficult material during the previous session.The term for this research method is

Researchers on a college campus conduct an epidemiological study regarding criminal activity.They interview students about their personal histories of criminal activity,and the students underestimate the amount of criminal activity in which they have participated.This inaccuracy is probably due to

Which of the following would constitute a violation of the ethical standard of confidentiality?

Which of the following is the best example of a confounding variable jeopardizing the internal validity of a study?

Researchers show participants one of several short films that vary in the extent to which they provoke anger,and they measure the heart rates of each participant immediately after each film.This research method is best described as a(n)

When we are not sure that the obtained result of an experimental study is really attributable to our manipulation of the independent variable,we are questioning the __________ of the study.

ALL BUT WHICH of the following are necessary elements of a study debriefing?

Epidemiological researchers who are trying to measure the number of 25-year-olds who are depressed should ideally ask

A drug company has developed a new treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.They design a study that looks at the effectiveness of the drug separately in boys and girls across three different dosage levels.What is the term for this type of study design?

__________ is a statistical method that utilizes many separate correlations in order to determine which variables change in concert and thus can be considered functionally related.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Behavioral Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters