Question 1

Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) natural killer cells 
C) helper T cells 
D) phagocytic cells 
A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) natural killer cells 
C) helper T cells 
D) phagocytic cells

Question 2

One way to prevent a global pandemic of avian influenza would be to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) keep large doses of histamine available to treat anyone who shows signs of infection 
B) treat any infected birds with large doses of antibiotics 
C) develop a vaccine against the avian influenza virus 
D) develop drugs that could effectively block anaphylactic shock 
A) keep large doses of histamine available to treat anyone who shows signs of infection 
B) treat any infected birds with large doses of antibiotics 
C) develop a vaccine against the avian influenza virus 
D) develop drugs that could effectively block anaphylactic shock

Question 3

Anaphylactic shock ________.

Accepted Answer

A) occurs when blood vessels constrict abruptly 
B) is a symptom of an immunodeficiency disease 
C) causes blood pressure to drop dangerously 
D) has no treatment 
A) occurs when blood vessels constrict abruptly 
B) is a symptom of an immunodeficiency disease 
C) causes blood pressure to drop dangerously 
D) has no treatment

Question 4

Which of the following is a response of our innate defense system?

Accepted Answer

A) adaptive immunity 
B) inflammation 
C) cytotoxic T cell response 
D) helper T cell response 
A) adaptive immunity 
B) inflammation 
C) cytotoxic T cell response 
D) helper T cell response

Question 5

The primary immune response ________.

Accepted Answer

A) results in the production of short-lived effector cells via clonal selection 
B) results in the production of short-lived memory cells via clonal selection 
C) peaks about 2 days after first exposure 
D) triggers the secondary immune response 
A) results in the production of short-lived effector cells via clonal selection 
B) results in the production of short-lived memory cells via clonal selection 
C) peaks about 2 days after first exposure 
D) triggers the secondary immune response

Question 6

Suppose that you encounter an antigen for the first time.What types of cells stored in your lymph nodes can be activated in case you encounter the antigen again?

Accepted Answer

A) memory cells 
B) effector cells 
C) phagocytic cells 
D) helper T cells 
A) memory cells 
B) effector cells 
C) phagocytic cells 
D) helper T cells

Question 7

Suppose that the figure below shows the concentration of antibodies for an antigen produced by Clostridium tetani,a bacterium that causes tetanus.What could trigger the increase in antibody production marked by the arrow?

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease in antigen concentration 
B) an increase in histamine production 
C) an initial exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa,a bacterium that causes pneumonia 
D) a second exposure to Clostridium tetani 
A) a decrease in antigen concentration 
B) an increase in histamine production 
C) an initial exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa,a bacterium that causes pneumonia 
D) a second exposure to Clostridium tetani

Question 8

What kinds of cells engulf whatever foreign cells and molecules they encounter and recognize?

Accepted Answer

A) natural killer cells 
B) red blood cells 
C) phagocytic cells 
D) B cells 
A) natural killer cells 
B) red blood cells 
C) phagocytic cells 
D) B cells

Question 9

A researcher detects an increase in the amount of natural killer cells in a laboratory rat and concludes that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the rat has,or recently had,a viral infection 
B) the rat does not have any cancerous tumors 
C) the rat's lymphatic system is not functioning properly 
D) the rat's internal innate defenses are weakened 
A) the rat has,or recently had,a viral infection 
B) the rat does not have any cancerous tumors 
C) the rat's lymphatic system is not functioning properly 
D) the rat's internal innate defenses are weakened

Question 10

Which of the following cell types initiates a secondary immune response?

Accepted Answer

A) natural killer cells 
B) memory cells 
C) effector cells 
D) plasma cells 
A) natural killer cells 
B) memory cells 
C) effector cells 
D) plasma cells

Question 11

Which of the following cells would be active during an immune response to a viral infection?

Accepted Answer

A) natural killer cells,only 
B) phagocytic cells,only 
C) T cells,only 
D) all of these cell types 
A) natural killer cells,only 
B) phagocytic cells,only 
C) T cells,only 
D) all of these cell types

Question 12

Which group of mice has more functional cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

A) The mice that drank water. 
B) The mice that drank alcohol. 
C) Both groups of mice have similar amounts of functional cytotoxic T cells. 
D) There is not enough information to make a conclusion. 
A) The mice that drank water. 
B) The mice that drank alcohol. 
C) Both groups of mice have similar amounts of functional cytotoxic T cells. 
D) There is not enough information to make a conclusion.

Question 13

What did Jonas Salk's polio vaccine experiment find?

Accepted Answer

A) Vaccines could be developed from bacteria. 
B) Vaccines were safe only for the elderly. 
C) Inactivated viruses can be used as vaccines. 
D) Polio could not be prevented with a vaccine. 
A) Vaccines could be developed from bacteria. 
B) Vaccines were safe only for the elderly. 
C) Inactivated viruses can be used as vaccines. 
D) Polio could not be prevented with a vaccine.

Question 14

Which of the following methods do you think would be the best way to test the effectiveness of a vaccine against avian influenza that is intended for human use?

Accepted Answer

A) Give the vaccine to a single mouse that has the virus,and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. 
B) Give the vaccine to a group of mice that have the virus,and give a placebo to another group of mice that have the virus.Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group. 
C) Give the vaccine to a single human who has the virus,and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. 
D) Give the vaccine to a group of humans who have the virus,and give a placebo to another group of humans who have the virus.Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group. 
A) Give the vaccine to a single mouse that has the virus,and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. 
B) Give the vaccine to a group of mice that have the virus,and give a placebo to another group of mice that have the virus.Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group. 
C) Give the vaccine to a single human who has the virus,and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. 
D) Give the vaccine to a group of humans who have the virus,and give a placebo to another group of humans who have the virus.Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group.

Question 15

When in its life cycle does a B cell first exhibit its particular surface antigen receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) after the memory cell giving rise to it divides 
B) before it ever encounters an antigen 
C) after it encounters several antigens 
D) after it encounters a single antigen 
A) after the memory cell giving rise to it divides 
B) before it ever encounters an antigen 
C) after it encounters several antigens 
D) after it encounters a single antigen

Question 16

If a person had the thymus gland removed,which of the following would NOT occur in his or her body?

Accepted Answer

A) production of B cells 
B) production of T cells 
C) maturation of B cells 
D) maturation of T cells 
A) production of B cells 
B) production of T cells 
C) maturation of B cells 
D) maturation of T cells

Question 17

Strep throat can develop from an infection by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.After infection by this bacterium,cells in the body will respond by producing antibodies against the bacterium and the toxins it produces.What type of immune response is being described in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T cell response 
B) helper T cell response 
C) B cell response 
D) inflammation 
A) cytotoxic T cell response 
B) helper T cell response 
C) B cell response 
D) inflammation

Exam 24: The Bodys Defenses

Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

One way to prevent a global pandemic of avian influenza would be to ________.

Anaphylactic shock ________.

Which of the following is a response of our innate defense system?

The primary immune response ________.

Suppose that you encounter an antigen for the first time.What types of cells stored in your lymph nodes can be activated in case you encounter the antigen again?

Suppose that the figure below shows the concentration of antibodies for an antigen produced by Clostridium tetani,a bacterium that causes tetanus.What could trigger the increase in antibody production marked by the arrow?

What kinds of cells engulf whatever foreign cells and molecules they encounter and recognize?

A researcher detects an increase in the amount of natural killer cells in a laboratory rat and concludes that ________.

Which of the following cell types initiates a secondary immune response?

Which of the following cells would be active during an immune response to a viral infection?

Which group of mice has more functional cytotoxic T cells?

What did Jonas Salk's polio vaccine experiment find?

Which of the following methods do you think would be the best way to test the effectiveness of a vaccine against avian influenza that is intended for human use?

When in its life cycle does a B cell first exhibit its particular surface antigen receptor?

If a person had the thymus gland removed,which of the following would NOT occur in his or her body?

Strep throat can develop from an infection by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.After infection by this bacterium,cells in the body will respond by producing antibodies against the bacterium and the toxins it produces.What type of immune response is being described in this situation?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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