Question 1

Which protozoan group consists solely of parasitic forms?

Accepted Answer

A) apicomplexans 
B) ciliates 
C) flagellates 
D) amoebas 
A) apicomplexans 
B) ciliates 
C) flagellates 
D) amoebas

Question 2

Recent scientific studies of the impact of microbiota on the amount of fat versus lean body mass (i.e.,body composition)are described in your text.How do those studies illustrate the importance of microbiota communities in our bodies?

Accepted Answer

A) If transferred to lean humans,intestinal microbiota of obese humans will cause obesity. 
B) If transferred to obese humans,intestinal microbiota in lean humans will cause exaggerated obesity. 
C) The studies suggest that mice are an unreliable model organism to use for studies of human intestinal microbiota and obesity. 
D) The studies suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in regulating our digestive processes. 
A) If transferred to lean humans,intestinal microbiota of obese humans will cause obesity. 
B) If transferred to obese humans,intestinal microbiota in lean humans will cause exaggerated obesity. 
C) The studies suggest that mice are an unreliable model organism to use for studies of human intestinal microbiota and obesity. 
D) The studies suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in regulating our digestive processes.

Question 3

Eukaryotes that are not fungi,animals,or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) archaea 
B) bacteria 
C) seaweeds 
D) protists 
A) archaea 
B) bacteria 
C) seaweeds 
D) protists

Question 4

Which of the following would likely be the most difficult to kill if you were you to can your own food?

Accepted Answer

A) streptococci 
B) endospores 
C) biofilms 
D) staphylococci 
A) streptococci 
B) endospores 
C) biofilms 
D) staphylococci

Question 5

Whose experiments demonstrated that,given the conditions on the primitive Earth,biological monomers could arise spontaneously?

Accepted Answer

A) Miller and Urey 
B) Darwin and Linnaeus 
C) Watson and Crick 
D) Wallace and Darwin 
A) Miller and Urey 
B) Darwin and Linnaeus 
C) Watson and Crick 
D) Wallace and Darwin

Question 6

If an area infested with female Anopheles mosquitoes is treated with pesticides,and these mosquitos live,continue to breed,and continue to spread malaria,what can we conclude?

Accepted Answer

A) Alleles that are resistant to the pesticides are being selected for,so female Anopheles mosquitoes may continue to infect humans. 
B) Malaria is not actually caused by the Plasmodium parasite. 
C) Male Anopheles mosquitoes are also carriers of the Plasmodium parasite. 
D) The people are becoming resistant to the pesticide. 
A) Alleles that are resistant to the pesticides are being selected for,so female Anopheles mosquitoes may continue to infect humans. 
B) Malaria is not actually caused by the Plasmodium parasite. 
C) Male Anopheles mosquitoes are also carriers of the Plasmodium parasite. 
D) The people are becoming resistant to the pesticide.

Question 7

Which of the following include the two classes of poisons produced by pathogenic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) exotoxins and endotoxins 
B) chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs 
C) protozoans and fungi 
D) bacilli and cocci 
A) exotoxins and endotoxins 
B) chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs 
C) protozoans and fungi 
D) bacilli and cocci

Question 8

What addition to methodology would be most beneficial to the study?

Accepted Answer

A) pre-flood data to compare to post-flood data in order to better compare endotoxin levels 
B) a greater number of scientists conducting tests so that different testing methods can be used at each site 
C) tests conducted on soil endotoxins to compare to air endotoxin levels 
D) tests conducted on bacterial exotoxins in New York City 
A) pre-flood data to compare to post-flood data in order to better compare endotoxin levels 
B) a greater number of scientists conducting tests so that different testing methods can be used at each site 
C) tests conducted on soil endotoxins to compare to air endotoxin levels 
D) tests conducted on bacterial exotoxins in New York City

Question 9

Which prokaryotic group is most closely related to eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria 
B) Protista 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria and Archaea are equally closely related. 
A) Bacteria 
B) Protista 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria and Archaea are equally closely related.

Question 10

Why is RNA thought to have been the first genetic material?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA is structurally simpler than DNA. 
B) RNA has been found on meteorites. 
C) RNA is capable of self-replication 
D) Primitive organisms,such as some viruses,have RNA as their genetic material. 
A) RNA is structurally simpler than DNA. 
B) RNA has been found on meteorites. 
C) RNA is capable of self-replication 
D) Primitive organisms,such as some viruses,have RNA as their genetic material.

Question 11

What kind of protist is this?

Accepted Answer

A) ciliate 
B) plasmodial slime mold 
C) flagellate 
D) foram 
A) ciliate 
B) plasmodial slime mold 
C) flagellate 
D) foram

Question 12

The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Protista 
B) Archaea 
C) Euglena 
D) Bacteria 
A) Protista 
B) Archaea 
C) Euglena 
D) Bacteria

Question 13

A vector is an organism that transfers a pathogen to a host.In the case of malaria,the vector(s)is (are)________.

Accepted Answer

A) humans only 
B) humans and Anopheles mosquitoes 
C) Anopheles mosquitoes only 
D) humans,Plasmodium,and Anopheles mosquitoes 
A) humans only 
B) humans and Anopheles mosquitoes 
C) Anopheles mosquitoes only 
D) humans,Plasmodium,and Anopheles mosquitoes

Question 14

Suppose production of the pesticides used to treat malaria is halted because the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)has found that they are causing too much environmental damage to warrant its continued use.In turn,this drives up the prices of artemisinin and quinine since they are now in higher demand.How might this affect those that live in South America and Africa?

Accepted Answer

A) They will likely experience a decrease in the number of male Anopheles mosquitoes. 
B) They will likely experience an increase in the number of male Anopheles mosquitoes. 
C) They will likely experience a decrease in the number of malaria cases 
D) They will likely experience an increase in the number of malaria cases. 
A) They will likely experience a decrease in the number of male Anopheles mosquitoes. 
B) They will likely experience an increase in the number of male Anopheles mosquitoes. 
C) They will likely experience a decrease in the number of malaria cases 
D) They will likely experience an increase in the number of malaria cases.

Question 15

The absence of ________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) N₂ 
B) CO₂ 
C) CH₄ 
D) O₂ 
A) N₂ 
B) CO₂ 
C) CH₄ 
D) O₂

Question 16

In the soil,some ________ help to decompose dead organisms and other waste materials,returning vital chemical elements such as nitrogen to the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) slime molds 
B) animals 
C) protozoans 
D) prokaryotes 
A) slime molds 
B) animals 
C) protozoans 
D) prokaryotes

Question 17

Approximately 10-15% of insect species harbor bacteria that make needed nutrients available to the insects.How might you classify these bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) phytoplankton 
B) extremophiles 
C) exotoxins 
D) endosymbionts 
A) phytoplankton 
B) extremophiles 
C) exotoxins 
D) endosymbionts

Question 18

Based on fossil evidence,eukaryotes evolved about ________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 500,000 
B) 1 billion 
C) 1)8 billion 
D) 3)5 billion 
A) 500,000 
B) 1 billion 
C) 1)8 billion 
D) 3)5 billion

Question 19

________ is an example of bioremediation.

Accepted Answer

A) Cyanobacteria converting atmospheric nitrogen to a form that plants can use 
B) The use of an autoclave to kill endospores 
C) The use of prokaryotes to treat sewage 
D) A dinoflagellate bloom causing massive fish kills 
A) Cyanobacteria converting atmospheric nitrogen to a form that plants can use 
B) The use of an autoclave to kill endospores 
C) The use of prokaryotes to treat sewage 
D) A dinoflagellate bloom causing massive fish kills

Question 20

A photoautotrophic unicellular organism with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) apicomplexan 
B) foram 
C) dinoflagellate 
D) diatom 
A) apicomplexan 
B) foram 
C) dinoflagellate 
D) diatom

Exam 15: The Evolution of Microbial Life

Which protozoan group consists solely of parasitic forms?

Recent scientific studies of the impact of microbiota on the amount of fat versus lean body mass (i.e.,body composition)are described in your text.How do those studies illustrate the importance of microbiota communities in our bodies?

Eukaryotes that are not fungi,animals,or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ________.

Which of the following would likely be the most difficult to kill if you were you to can your own food?

Whose experiments demonstrated that,given the conditions on the primitive Earth,biological monomers could arise spontaneously?

If an area infested with female Anopheles mosquitoes is treated with pesticides,and these mosquitos live,continue to breed,and continue to spread malaria,what can we conclude?

Which of the following include the two classes of poisons produced by pathogenic bacteria?

What addition to methodology would be most beneficial to the study?

Which prokaryotic group is most closely related to eukaryotes?

Why is RNA thought to have been the first genetic material?

What kind of protist is this?

The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.

A vector is an organism that transfers a pathogen to a host.In the case of malaria,the vector(s)is (are)________.

The absence of ________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.

In the soil,some ________ help to decompose dead organisms and other waste materials,returning vital chemical elements such as nitrogen to the environment.

Approximately 10-15% of insect species harbor bacteria that make needed nutrients available to the insects.How might you classify these bacteria?

Based on fossil evidence,eukaryotes evolved about ________ years ago.

________ is an example of bioremediation.

A photoautotrophic unicellular organism with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n)________.

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters