Question 1

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fungi that live on land 
B) bacteria that reproduce only asexually 
C) complex plants that have flowers 
D) animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction 
A) fungi that live on land 
B) bacteria that reproduce only asexually 
C) complex plants that have flowers 
D) animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction

Question 2

________ is the discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) Taxonomy 
B) Evo-devo 
C) Systematics 
D) Biogeography 
A) Taxonomy 
B) Evo-devo 
C) Systematics 
D) Biogeography

Question 3

Based on the independent and dependent variables represented in the figure and the information you have about common geographic habitats as well as anatomical and gametic compatibility of the four frog species,you initially conclude that reproductive barriers may be due to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) habitat isolation 
B) mechanical isolation 
C) temporal isolation 
D) gametic isolation 
A) habitat isolation 
B) mechanical isolation 
C) temporal isolation 
D) gametic isolation

Question 4

The science of naming,identifying,and classifying organisms is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) biogeography 
B) systematics 
C) phylogeny 
D) taxonomy 
A) biogeography 
B) systematics 
C) phylogeny 
D) taxonomy

Question 5

The biological species concept cannot be applied to fossils.Which alternate approach to identifying species would be most useful for classifying fossil organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) an approach based on use of reproductive barriers 
B) an approach based on genetic history 
C) an approach based on measurable physical traits 
D) an approach based on molecular biology 
A) an approach based on use of reproductive barriers 
B) an approach based on genetic history 
C) an approach based on measurable physical traits 
D) an approach based on molecular biology

Question 6

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A) A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon.The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B) A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor.Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C) One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D) A male horse and a female donkey mate,producing a sterile hinny. 
A) A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon.The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B) A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor.Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C) One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D) A male horse and a female donkey mate,producing a sterile hinny.

Question 7

Characid fishes are found naturally only in South America and Africa.Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents.What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) These fishes arose in either Africa or South America and migrated across the South Atlantic Ocean to the other continent. 
B) Characid fishes arose prior to the separation of the African and South American continents. 
C) Characid fishes arose in the South Atlantic Ocean and migrated to Africa and South America. 
D) Convergent evolution is responsible for the distribution of characid fishes. 
A) These fishes arose in either Africa or South America and migrated across the South Atlantic Ocean to the other continent. 
B) Characid fishes arose prior to the separation of the African and South American continents. 
C) Characid fishes arose in the South Atlantic Ocean and migrated to Africa and South America. 
D) Convergent evolution is responsible for the distribution of characid fishes.

Question 8

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) Animalia 
B) Plantae 
C) Archaea 
D) Eukarya 
A) Animalia 
B) Plantae 
C) Archaea 
D) Eukarya

Question 9

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) habitat isolation 
B) temporal isolation 
C) mechanical isolation 
D) behavioral isolation 
A) habitat isolation 
B) temporal isolation 
C) mechanical isolation 
D) behavioral isolation

Question 10

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A) volcanic explosions 
B) sympatric speciation 
C) allopatric speciation 
D) mass extinction 
A) volcanic explosions 
B) sympatric speciation 
C) allopatric speciation 
D) mass extinction

Question 11

What hypothesis did Luis and Walter Alvarez test in relation to the mass extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago (MYA)?

Accepted Answer

A) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a surge of catastrophic cyclones. 
B) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a slow but steady increase in climate temperatures. 
C) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by an impact of an extraterrestrial object. 
D) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by the loss of preferred plants for food. 
A) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a surge of catastrophic cyclones. 
B) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a slow but steady increase in climate temperatures. 
C) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by an impact of an extraterrestrial object. 
D) The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by the loss of preferred plants for food.

Question 12

A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a prezygotic barrier 
B) allopatric speciation 
C) sympatric speciation 
D) geographic isolation of populations 
A) a prezygotic barrier 
B) allopatric speciation 
C) sympatric speciation 
D) geographic isolation of populations

Question 13

Applying the biological species concept,the sterility of ligers reveals that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a new species called "ligers" is forming 
B) tigers and lions are actually the same species 
C) tigers and lions are separate species 
D) lions are probably a subspecies of tigers 
A) a new species called "ligers" is forming 
B) tigers and lions are actually the same species 
C) tigers and lions are separate species 
D) lions are probably a subspecies of tigers

Question 14

When you go outside,it is common to hear a variety of bird songs.These songs vary among bird species as well as bird flocks.Interestingly,some bird species that are highly unrelated have very similar song qualities.What can you conclude from this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) The bird songs are homologous traits. 
B) The bird songs have achieved speciation after coming from allopatric species. 
C) The bird songs are analogous traits. 
D) The bird songs have different molecular DNA. 
A) The bird songs are homologous traits. 
B) The bird songs have achieved speciation after coming from allopatric species. 
C) The bird songs are analogous traits. 
D) The bird songs have different molecular DNA.

Question 15

The wing of a bald eagle is ________ the wing of a penguin.

Accepted Answer

A) convergent with 
B) homologous to 
C) unrelated to 
D) analogous to 
A) convergent with 
B) homologous to 
C) unrelated to 
D) analogous to

Question 16

The production of sterile male ligers is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) sympatric speciation 
B) the founder effect 
C) a postzygotic barrier 
D) a prezygotic barrier 
A) sympatric speciation 
B) the founder effect 
C) a postzygotic barrier 
D) a prezygotic barrier

Question 17

Examine the two squirrel populations in the following figure.The populations are separated by a geographic barrier.If after a long period of time the two species are no longer separated,what evidence is needed to determine if speciation has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) Hybrid offspring of the two populations begin to appear. 
B) The two populations are not interbreeding freely. 
C) One species will increase into a population size twice as large as the other species. 
D) Polyploidy is creating new species. 
A) Hybrid offspring of the two populations begin to appear. 
B) The two populations are not interbreeding freely. 
C) One species will increase into a population size twice as large as the other species. 
D) Polyploidy is creating new species.

Question 18

Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds)were extinct by the end of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Cretaceous 
B) Silurian 
C) Eocene 
D) Permian 
A) Cretaceous 
B) Silurian 
C) Eocene 
D) Permian

Question 19

Which of the following is the strongest piece of evidence for why some scientists believe that we are at the start of a sixth mass extinction?

Accepted Answer

A) decrease in biodiversity 
B) decrease in fossil discoveries 
C) decrease in allopatric species 
D) decrease in hybrid fertility 
A) decrease in biodiversity 
B) decrease in fossil discoveries 
C) decrease in allopatric species 
D) decrease in hybrid fertility

Question 20

Under the biological species concept,what criterion is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species?

Accepted Answer

A) a very similar appearance 
B) being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring 
C) responding to the environment in the same way 
D) having 99% of their genes in common 
A) a very similar appearance 
B) being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring 
C) responding to the environment in the same way 
D) having 99% of their genes in common

Exam 14: How Biological Diversity Evolves

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ________.

________ is the discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships.

Based on the independent and dependent variables represented in the figure and the information you have about common geographic habitats as well as anatomical and gametic compatibility of the four frog species,you initially conclude that reproductive barriers may be due to ________.

The science of naming,identifying,and classifying organisms is called ________.

The biological species concept cannot be applied to fossils.Which alternate approach to identifying species would be most useful for classifying fossil organisms?

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Characid fishes are found naturally only in South America and Africa.Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents.What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern?

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

What hypothesis did Luis and Walter Alvarez test in relation to the mass extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago (MYA)?

A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of ________.

Applying the biological species concept,the sterility of ligers reveals that ________.

When you go outside,it is common to hear a variety of bird songs.These songs vary among bird species as well as bird flocks.Interestingly,some bird species that are highly unrelated have very similar song qualities.What can you conclude from this phenomenon?

The wing of a bald eagle is ________ the wing of a penguin.

The production of sterile male ligers is an example of ________.

Examine the two squirrel populations in the following figure.The populations are separated by a geographic barrier.If after a long period of time the two species are no longer separated,what evidence is needed to determine if speciation has occurred?

Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds)were extinct by the end of the ________.

Which of the following is the strongest piece of evidence for why some scientists believe that we are at the start of a sixth mass extinction?

Under the biological species concept,what criterion is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters