Question 1

Which of these is a type of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) inactivation of tRNA 
B) alteration of DNA nucleotide sequences 
C) breakdown of proteins 
D) binding of transcription factors to enhancers 
A) inactivation of tRNA 
B) alteration of DNA nucleotide sequences 
C) breakdown of proteins 
D) binding of transcription factors to enhancers

Question 2

What is the first level of control of eukaryotic gene transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA splicing 
B) attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter 
C) DNA packing and unpacking 
D) the binding and unbinding of transcription factors to enhancer sequences 
A) RNA splicing 
B) attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter 
C) DNA packing and unpacking 
D) the binding and unbinding of transcription factors to enhancer sequences

Question 3

Consider the following figure,which outlines cloning by nuclear transplantation.Why does the clone NOT resemble the surrogate mother?

Accepted Answer

A) The sperm came from a male donor,who would also pass some of his traits to the clone. 
B) The embryonic cells are adversely influenced by the surrogate. 
C) The DNA for the clone comes from the genetic donor,not the surrogate. 
D) The nuclear material from the egg would influence the appearance of the clone. 
A) The sperm came from a male donor,who would also pass some of his traits to the clone. 
B) The embryonic cells are adversely influenced by the surrogate. 
C) The DNA for the clone comes from the genetic donor,not the surrogate. 
D) The nuclear material from the egg would influence the appearance of the clone.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a possible use of reproductive cloning?

Accepted Answer

A) the production of genetically identical mice and rats for experimentation 
B) the production of organs in large farm animals for transplant into humans 
C) restocking populations of extinct animals such as the wooly mammoth 
D) creating stocks of stem cells for human therapeutic use 
A) the production of genetically identical mice and rats for experimentation 
B) the production of organs in large farm animals for transplant into humans 
C) restocking populations of extinct animals such as the wooly mammoth 
D) creating stocks of stem cells for human therapeutic use

Question 5

The lac operon is shown in the accompanying figure.Answer the following question after reviewing the figure.The lac operon is usually in the ________ position and is activated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) on...the repressor 
B) off...lactose 
C) off...the repressor 
D) on...the promoter 
A) on...the repressor 
B) off...lactose 
C) off...the repressor 
D) on...the promoter

Question 6

What happened when researchers added BPDE,a component of tobacco smoke,to human lung cells in a laboratory experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) The cells behaved normally. 
B) The cells shrank in size. 
C) The cells developed mutations in their p53 genes. 
D) The cells required less energy to grow. 
A) The cells behaved normally. 
B) The cells shrank in size. 
C) The cells developed mutations in their p53 genes. 
D) The cells required less energy to grow.

Question 7

Introns are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) noncoding DNA sequences 
B) DNA sequences to which activators bind 
C) expressed DNA sequences 
D) the product of RNA splicing 
A) noncoding DNA sequences 
B) DNA sequences to which activators bind 
C) expressed DNA sequences 
D) the product of RNA splicing

Question 8

In eukaryotic cells,repressor proteins inhibit transcription by binding to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) silencers 
B) enhancers 
C) promoters 
D) operons 
A) silencers 
B) enhancers 
C) promoters 
D) operons

Question 9

The "master control genes" that regulate other genes and determine what body parts will develop in which locations are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enhancers 
B) homeotic genes 
C) oncogenes 
D) operons 
A) enhancers 
B) homeotic genes 
C) oncogenes 
D) operons

Question 10

While examining a human cell that functions normally,you determine that it has 45 functional chromosomes and one chromosome that is almost completely inactive.You immediately decide that it is very likely that this cell ________.

Accepted Answer

A) came from a normal human female 
B) is lacking a chromosome 
C) is a gamete 
D) will become cancerous if one or two more genes are mutated 
A) came from a normal human female 
B) is lacking a chromosome 
C) is a gamete 
D) will become cancerous if one or two more genes are mutated

Question 11

Many proto-oncogenes regulate ________.

Accepted Answer

A) cell growth 
B) cell cloning 
C) cell division 
D) cell repair 
A) cell growth 
B) cell cloning 
C) cell division 
D) cell repair

Question 12

Jim learned that viruses can sometimes cause cancer and wants to know why.You tell him that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a human cell can acquire a tumor-suppressor gene from a virus 
B) a human cell can acquire a proto-oncogene from a virus 
C) a human cell can acquire an oncogene from a virus 
D) some viruses are passed from mother to child and cause "inherited" cancers 
A) a human cell can acquire a tumor-suppressor gene from a virus 
B) a human cell can acquire a proto-oncogene from a virus 
C) a human cell can acquire an oncogene from a virus 
D) some viruses are passed from mother to child and cause "inherited" cancers

Question 13

Examine the figure below.In a typical colon cancer,the first step is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the inactivation of a tumor-suppressor gene 
B) the mutation of a tumor-suppressor gene,producing an oncogene 
C) the mutation of a proto-oncogene,producing an oncogene 
D) the conversion of an oncogene to a tumor-suppressor gene 
A) the inactivation of a tumor-suppressor gene 
B) the mutation of a tumor-suppressor gene,producing an oncogene 
C) the mutation of a proto-oncogene,producing an oncogene 
D) the conversion of an oncogene to a tumor-suppressor gene

Question 14

Repressors act by blocking the binding of ________ to the operator.

Accepted Answer

A) promoters 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) the operon 
D) RNA polymerase 
A) promoters 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) the operon 
D) RNA polymerase

Question 15

The process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) gene regulation 
B) transcription 
C) gene expression 
D) translation 
A) gene regulation 
B) transcription 
C) gene expression 
D) translation

Question 16

More people die of ________ cancer than of any other cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) lung 
B) skin 
C) pancreatic 
D) breast 
A) lung 
B) skin 
C) pancreatic 
D) breast

Question 17

What is a difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

Accepted Answer

A) The use of embryonic stem cells raises fewer ethical issues than the use of adult stem cells. 
B) Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated; adult stem cells are partially differentiated. 
C) It is easier to obtain embryonic stem cells. 
D) Adult stem cells are easier to grow in culture. 
A) The use of embryonic stem cells raises fewer ethical issues than the use of adult stem cells. 
B) Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated; adult stem cells are partially differentiated. 
C) It is easier to obtain embryonic stem cells. 
D) Adult stem cells are easier to grow in culture.

Question 18

Why can mature plants be cloned to produce genetically identical copies?

Accepted Answer

A) Mature plant cells contain only a fraction of the genes found in an adult plant. 
B) Plants have evolved over time to suit the need of human agriculture. 
C) Mature plant cells can develop into all the specialized cells of an adult plant. 
D) Scientists have engineered all plants to have this ability. 
A) Mature plant cells contain only a fraction of the genes found in an adult plant. 
B) Plants have evolved over time to suit the need of human agriculture. 
C) Mature plant cells can develop into all the specialized cells of an adult plant. 
D) Scientists have engineered all plants to have this ability.

Question 19

What name is given to a gene that causes cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) repressor 
B) promoter 
C) homeotic gene 
D) oncogene 
A) repressor 
B) promoter 
C) homeotic gene 
D) oncogene

Question 20

What would you assume if you found RNA transcripts of lactose-utilizing genes within E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A) Lactose has bound to the lac operon activator. 
B) Lactose is present in the cell. 
C) The lac operon activator protein is present in the cell. 
D) The lac operon repressor protein is absent in the cell. 
A) Lactose has bound to the lac operon activator. 
B) Lactose is present in the cell. 
C) The lac operon activator protein is present in the cell. 
D) The lac operon repressor protein is absent in the cell.

Exam 11: How Genes Are Controlled

Which of these is a type of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression?

What is the first level of control of eukaryotic gene transcription?

Consider the following figure,which outlines cloning by nuclear transplantation.Why does the clone NOT resemble the surrogate mother?

Which of the following is NOT a possible use of reproductive cloning?

The lac operon is shown in the accompanying figure.Answer the following question after reviewing the figure.The lac operon is usually in the ________ position and is activated by ________.

What happened when researchers added BPDE,a component of tobacco smoke,to human lung cells in a laboratory experiment?

Introns are ________.

In eukaryotic cells,repressor proteins inhibit transcription by binding to ________.

The "master control genes" that regulate other genes and determine what body parts will develop in which locations are called ________.

While examining a human cell that functions normally,you determine that it has 45 functional chromosomes and one chromosome that is almost completely inactive.You immediately decide that it is very likely that this cell ________.

Many proto-oncogenes regulate ________.

Jim learned that viruses can sometimes cause cancer and wants to know why.You tell him that ________.

Examine the figure below.In a typical colon cancer,the first step is ________.

Repressors act by blocking the binding of ________ to the operator.

The process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype is ________.

More people die of ________ cancer than of any other cancer.

What is a difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

Why can mature plants be cloned to produce genetically identical copies?

What name is given to a gene that causes cancer?

What would you assume if you found RNA transcripts of lactose-utilizing genes within E.coli?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

The lac operon is shown in the accompanying figure.Answer the following question after reviewing the figure.The lac operon is usually in the position and is activated by .