Question 1

The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A substance that causes a mutation is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A substance that causes a mutation is...

Question 3

A cofactor is ________. Examples are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) an inorganic molecule that all enzymes require; cholesterol and calcium 
B) an inorganic molecule that some enzymes require; vitamin B₁₂ and B₆ 
C) a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc 
D) a molecule that destabilizes substrates; carbonic acid 
A) an inorganic molecule that all enzymes require; cholesterol and calcium 
B) an inorganic molecule that some enzymes require; vitamin B₁₂ and B₆ 
C) a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc 
D) a molecule that destabilizes substrates; carbonic acid

Question 4

When a sucrose molecule is broken down to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,

Accepted Answer

A) dehydration synthesis occurs. 
B) a water molecule is released. 
C) a water molecule is used. 
D) starch is consumed. 
A) dehydration synthesis occurs. 
B) a water molecule is released. 
C) a water molecule is used. 
D) starch is consumed.

Question 5

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) A molecule that remains unchanged after assisting in a chemical reaction 
B) A molecule that assists in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach 
C) A molecule that helps to form the cytoskeleton of a cell 
D) A molecule that breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose 
A) A molecule that remains unchanged after assisting in a chemical reaction 
B) A molecule that assists in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach 
C) A molecule that helps to form the cytoskeleton of a cell 
D) A molecule that breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose

Question 6

In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

Accepted Answer

A) larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones. 
B) monosaccharides are joined. 
C) water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules. 
D) the molecule is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. 
A) larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones. 
B) monosaccharides are joined. 
C) water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules. 
D) the molecule is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

Question 7

MicroRNAs

Accepted Answer

A) are 21 or 22 bases long. 
B) control gene expression. 
C) are noncoding RNAs. 
D) All of these answer choices are correct. 
A) are 21 or 22 bases long. 
B) control gene expression. 
C) are noncoding RNAs. 
D) All of these answer choices are correct.

Question 8

Genetic information is contained in protein molecules and is passed from one parent to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

ATP is important to cellular processes because it

Accepted Answer

A) is formed by muscles contracting or whenever cellular work occurs. 
B) provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken. 
C) releases oxygen when high-energy phosphate bonds are broken. 
D) is a by-product of all catabolic reactions. 
A) is formed by muscles contracting or whenever cellular work occurs. 
B) provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken. 
C) releases oxygen when high-energy phosphate bonds are broken. 
D) is a by-product of all catabolic reactions.

Question 10

Building up large molecules is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Building up large molecules is called ________....

Question 11

Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - chromosome - genome 
B) nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - genome - chromosome 
C) genome - nucleus - chromosome - nucleotide - gene 
D) cell - organelle - tissue - organ 
A) nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - chromosome - genome 
B) nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - genome - chromosome 
C) genome - nucleus - chromosome - nucleotide - gene 
D) cell - organelle - tissue - organ

Question 12

Dehydration synthesis is catabolic and hydrolysis is anabolic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

If the DNA sequence ATGCTCAT was found to have the complimentary strand TACGGGTA, which of the following is possible?

Accepted Answer

A) There was an error during DNA replication. 
B) The cell correctly copied the DNA strand during replication. 
C) There was an error during translation where the incorrect nucleotide was brought by the mRNA. 
D) There was an error during transcription where the incorrect codon on the tRNA molecule. 
A) There was an error during DNA replication. 
B) The cell correctly copied the DNA strand during replication. 
C) There was an error during translation where the incorrect nucleotide was brought by the mRNA. 
D) There was an error during transcription where the incorrect codon on the tRNA molecule.

Question 14

Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

How does oxidation during cellular respiration differ from burning?

Accepted Answer

A) Respiration doesn't use enzymes to lower the activation energy. 
B) Respiration requires a relatively large amount of energy to start the process. 
C) Respiration uses enzymes to lower the activation energy. 
D) Respiration releases more energy as heat and light. 
A) Respiration doesn't use enzymes to lower the activation energy. 
B) Respiration requires a relatively large amount of energy to start the process. 
C) Respiration uses enzymes to lower the activation energy. 
D) Respiration releases more energy as heat and light.

Question 16

Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?

Accepted Answer

A) TAGCTGTCAACAGTGATA 
B) TAACTGTCGACGGTGATG 
C) TAACTAAGTACGGTGATG 
D) All of the answer choices are correct 
A) TAGCTGTCAACAGTGATA 
B) TAACTGTCGACGGTGATG 
C) TAACTAAGTACGGTGATG 
D) All of the answer choices are correct

Question 17

The genetic code is

Accepted Answer

A) the correspondence between a sequence of three DNA nucleotides and a specific amino acid. 
B) the correspondence between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide. 
C) the correspondence between a gene and a genome. 
D) the correspondence between a specific amino acid and a specific gene. 
A) the correspondence between a sequence of three DNA nucleotides and a specific amino acid. 
B) the correspondence between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide. 
C) the correspondence between a gene and a genome. 
D) the correspondence between a specific amino acid and a specific gene.

Question 18

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes a portion of a protein of sequence

Accepted Answer

A) ile-gly-ala-pro-arg. 
B) leu-pro-arg-gly-ala. 
C) ala-gly-arg-pro-leu. 
D) arg-pro-ala-gly-ile. 
A) ile-gly-ala-pro-arg. 
B) leu-pro-arg-gly-ala. 
C) ala-gly-arg-pro-leu. 
D) arg-pro-ala-gly-ile.

Question 19

A mutation that changes a CGC codon to CGA would not affect health because the encoded amino acid is unchanged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The process that extracts energy from glucose and makes it available is cellular ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process that extracts energy from glucose...

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence of a protein.

A substance that causes a mutation is called a ________.

A cofactor is ________. Examples are ________.

When a sucrose molecule is broken down to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an enzyme?

In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

MicroRNAs

Genetic information is contained in protein molecules and is passed from one parent to another.

ATP is important to cellular processes because it

Building up large molecules is called ________.

Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

Dehydration synthesis is catabolic and hydrolysis is anabolic.

If the DNA sequence ATGCTCAT was found to have the complimentary strand TACGGGTA, which of the following is possible?

Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions.

How does oxidation during cellular respiration differ from burning?

Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?

The genetic code is

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes a portion of a protein of sequence

A mutation that changes a CGC codon to CGA would not affect health because the encoded amino acid is unchanged.

The process that extracts energy from glucose and makes it available is cellular ________.

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

A cofactor is . Examples are .