Exam 8: Critical and Feminist Theories

Explain the primary concepts behind the masculinization, emancipation, and economic marginalization hypotheses.Which do you believe is "best"? Support your answer.

______ means focusing on the ways in which the definition of the crime problem and criminal justice practices support patriarchal practices and worldviews.

The imprisonment of African American men grew significantly more than the imprisonment of African American women between 1986 and 1991.

Left realism is an approach that attempts to translate radical ideas into realistic social policy.

Max Weber viewed cultural ideas and beliefs as being molded entirely by the economic systems of society.

Conflict theory invokes the concept of cognitive dissonance in order to explain crime.

There is still no theory of crime that is entirely female-specific, leaving feminist criminologists to focus on descriptive studies of crime, or on crime-specific mini-theories.

What is patriarchy?

What is the gender-ratio problem in criminology?

Johnny owns a factory with several employees.In Marxist thought, he would best be identified as a member of the ______.

Left realists are distinguished from Marxists by their emphasis on

Legal realist criminologists aver that an overemphasis on punishing criminals escalates violence and advocates for restorative justice in place of imprisoning offenders.

______ is known as the more reform-minded "practical" arm of Marxism.

A pattern of justice, which emphasizes treating women offenders as though they were men in the name of equal justice, is sometimes referred to as:

Briefly explain Freda Adler's masculinization hypothesis.

Identify the main tenets of conflict theory.Do you think that this theory has any practical policy implications in our efforts to reduce crime? Support your answer with information that you have learned in this class.

The ______ problem refers to the universal fact that women are far less likely than men to involve themselves in criminal activity.

Restorative justice brings victims and offenders together to negotiate a mutually satisfactory way of correcting the wrong that has been committed.

The conflict perspective concentrates on power relationships in its explanation of crime.

______ focused on social life as a continual struggle to maintain or improve one's group interests, with interest groups continually forming and disbanding as conflicts arise and are resolved.