Exam 5: Crime As Choice: Rationality, Emotion, and Criminal Behavior

Cultural criminologists agree with evolutionary scholars that ______ are/is more important than ______ in human social decision making.

Define emotions.

Negative emotions that function to prevent criminal behavior have been practically ignored in criminology.

Incentives and disincentives to law-abiding or criminal behavior are perceived differently because of ingrained habits.

______ tend to not like rational choice and routine activities theories because the "free agent" position naturally leads to a retributivist stance on punishment.

How can affluence be a cause of crime?

______ is a model for residential environments that inhibit crime by creating the physical expression of a social fabric that defends itself. A)defensible space

Cultural criminology may also be called ______ because it references state repression and oppression and calls for resistance.

Primary emotions are also known as social emotions.

______ is primarily concerned with defensible space (inhibiting crime by creating physical expression of a social fabric that defends itself).

Routine activities theory concentrates on the motivated offender rather than on crime as a process of unfolding events.

______ is as much a "cause" of crime as its poverty because it brings with it many opportunities for crime.

Emotions such as empathy and guilt serve to adjust our social behavior by arousing, focusing, and modifying brain activity in ways that lead most people to habitually choose ______ responses.

Why are rational choice theorists also called "soft determinists"?

All of the following are reasons why capable guardians are in short supply in disorganized neighborhoods EXCEPT:

All of the following are considered primary emotions EXCEPT:

Hume believes that after humans perceive a situation, experience emotions, and pass judgment on the event based on the emotion it evokes, humans then ______ that judgment.

Motivated offenders are individuals unwilling and not able to commit crimes.