Question 1

What term is used to describe an abnormally increased convex angulation in the curvature of the thoracic spine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scoliosis 
B)  Lordosis 
C)  Kyphosis 
D)  Ankylosis 
A)  Scoliosis 
B)  Lordosis 
C)  Kyphosis 
D)  Ankylosis

Question 2

What measure is important in managing hypercalcemia in a child who is immobilized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide adequate hydration. 
B)  Change position frequently. 
C)  Encourage a diet high in calcium. 
D)  Provide a diet high in calories for healing. 
A)  Provide adequate hydration. 
B)  Change position frequently. 
C)  Encourage a diet high in calcium. 
D)  Provide a diet high in calories for healing.

Question 3

The health care provider has prescribed hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) 5 mg/kg/day PO divided bid for a child with systemic lupus erythematosus. The child weighs 66 lb. The nurse is preparing to administer the 0900 dose. Calculate the dose the nurse should administer in milligrams. Record your answer below in a whole number.
_________

Accepted Answer

75
The correct calculation is:

Question 4

What is the recommended drink for athletes during practice and competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sports drinks to replace carbohydrates 
B)  Cold water for gastrointestinal tract rapid absorption 
C)  Carbonated beverages to help with acid-base balance 
D)  Enhanced performance carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks 
A)  Sports drinks to replace carbohydrates 
B)  Cold water for gastrointestinal tract rapid absorption 
C)  Carbonated beverages to help with acid-base balance 
D)  Enhanced performance carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks

Question 5

What is the primary method of treating osteomyelitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joint replacement 
B)  Bracing and casting 
C)  Intravenous antibiotic therapy 
D)  Long-term corticosteroid therapy 
A)  Joint replacement 
B)  Bracing and casting 
C)  Intravenous antibiotic therapy 
D)  Long-term corticosteroid therapy

Question 6

A child with a hip spica cast is being prepared for discharge. Recognizing that caring for a child at home is complex, the nurse should include what instructions for the parents' discharge teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turn every 8 hours. 
B)  Specially designed car restraints are necessary. 
C)  Diapers should be avoided to reduce soiling of the cast. 
D)  Use an abduction bar between the legs to aid in turning. 
A)  Turn every 8 hours. 
B)  Specially designed car restraints are necessary. 
C)  Diapers should be avoided to reduce soiling of the cast. 
D)  Use an abduction bar between the legs to aid in turning.

Question 7

The nurse is teaching parents the proper use of a hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis (HKAFO) for their 4-year-old child. The parents demonstrate basic essential knowledge by making what statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Alcohol will be used twice a day to clean the skin around the brace." 
B)  "Weekly visits to the orthotist are scheduled to check screws for tightness." 
C)  "Initially, a burning sensation is expected and the brace should remain in place." 
D)  "Condition of the skin in contact with the brace should be checked every 4 hours." 
A)  "Alcohol will be used twice a day to clean the skin around the brace." 
B)  "Weekly visits to the orthotist are scheduled to check screws for tightness." 
C)  "Initially, a burning sensation is expected and the brace should remain in place." 
D)  "Condition of the skin in contact with the brace should be checked every 4 hours."

Question 8

What is a physiologic effect of immobilization on children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic rate increases. 
B)  Venous return improves because the child is in the supine position. 
C)  Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation. 
D)  Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body (hypercalcemia). 
A)  Metabolic rate increases. 
B)  Venous return improves because the child is in the supine position. 
C)  Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation. 
D)  Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body (hypercalcemia).

Question 9

A child has had a short-arm synthetic cast applied. What should the nurse teach to the child and parents about cast care? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Relieve itching with heat. 
B)  Elevate the arm when resting. 
C)  Observe the fingers for any evidence of discoloration. 
D)  Do not allow the child to put anything inside the cast. 
E)  Examine the skin at the cast edges for any breakdown. 
A)  Relieve itching with heat. 
B)  Elevate the arm when resting. 
C)  Observe the fingers for any evidence of discoloration. 
D)  Do not allow the child to put anything inside the cast. 
E)  Examine the skin at the cast edges for any breakdown.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a child immobilized because of Russel traction. What interventions should the nurse implement to prevent renal calculi? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Monitor output. 
B)  Encourage the patient to drink apple juice. 
C)  Encourage milk intake. 
D)  Ensure adequate fluids. 
E)  Encourage the patient to drink cranberry juice. 
A)  Monitor output. 
B)  Encourage the patient to drink apple juice. 
C)  Encourage milk intake. 
D)  Ensure adequate fluids. 
E)  Encourage the patient to drink cranberry juice.

Question 11

What statement is true concerning osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is easily treated. 
B)  It is an inherited disorder. 
C)  Braces and exercises are of no therapeutic value. 
D)  Later onset disease usually runs a more difficult course. 
A)  It is easily treated. 
B)  It is an inherited disorder. 
C)  Braces and exercises are of no therapeutic value. 
D)  Later onset disease usually runs a more difficult course.

Question 12

A 7-year-old child has just had a cast applied for a fractured arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized. What information should be included in the home care instructions?

Accepted Answer

A)  No restrictions of activity are indicated. 
B)  Elevate casted arm when both upright and resting. 
C)  The shoulder should be kept as immobile as possible to avoid pain. 
D)  Swelling of the fingers is to be expected. Notify a health professional if it persists more than 48 hours. 
A)  No restrictions of activity are indicated. 
B)  Elevate casted arm when both upright and resting. 
C)  The shoulder should be kept as immobile as possible to avoid pain. 
D)  Swelling of the fingers is to be expected. Notify a health professional if it persists more than 48 hours.

Question 13

The nurse is teaching a child with a cast about cast removal. What should the nurse teach the child about cast removal?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The cast cutter will be a quiet machine." 
B)  "You will feel cold as the cast is removed." 
C)  "You will feel a tickly sensation as the cast is removed." 
D)  "The cast cutter cuts through the cast like a circular saw." 
A)  "The cast cutter will be a quiet machine." 
B)  "You will feel cold as the cast is removed." 
C)  "You will feel a tickly sensation as the cast is removed." 
D)  "The cast cutter cuts through the cast like a circular saw."

Question 14

What is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child in traction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Removing adhesive traction straps daily to prevent skin breakdown 
B)  Assessing for tightness, weakness, or contractures in uninvolved joints and muscles 
C)  Providing active range of motion exercises to affected extremity three times a day 
D)  Keeping child prone to maintain good alignment 
A)  Removing adhesive traction straps daily to prevent skin breakdown 
B)  Assessing for tightness, weakness, or contractures in uninvolved joints and muscles 
C)  Providing active range of motion exercises to affected extremity three times a day 
D)  Keeping child prone to maintain good alignment

Question 15

A neonate is born with mild clubfeet. When the parents ask the nurse how this will be corrected, what should the nurse explain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traction is tried first. 
B)  Surgical intervention is needed. 
C)  Frequent, serial casting is tried first. 
D)  Children outgrow this condition when they learn to walk. 
A)  Traction is tried first. 
B)  Surgical intervention is needed. 
C)  Frequent, serial casting is tried first. 
D)  Children outgrow this condition when they learn to walk.

Question 16

The health care provider has prescribed cyclosporin (Sandimmune) 5 mg/kg/day PO divided twice daily for a child with juvenile arthritis. The child weighs 110 lb. The nurse is preparing to administer the 0900 dose. Calculate the dose the nurse should administer in milligrams. Record your answer in a whole number.
_________

Accepted Answer

125
The correct calculation is

Question 17

A young girl has just injured her ankle at school. In addition to notifying the child's parents, what is the most appropriate, immediate action by the school nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply ice. 
B)  Observe for edema and discoloration. 
C)  Encourage child to assume a position of comfort. 
D)  Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin. 
A)  Apply ice. 
B)  Observe for edema and discoloration. 
C)  Encourage child to assume a position of comfort. 
D)  Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin.

Question 18

After spinal fusion surgery the nurse should check for signs of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seizure activity 
B)  Increased intracranial pressure 
C)  Impaired color, sensitivity, and movement to the lower extremities 
D)  Impaired pupillary response during neurologic checks 
A)  Seizure activity 
B)  Increased intracranial pressure 
C)  Impaired color, sensitivity, and movement to the lower extremities 
D)  Impaired pupillary response during neurologic checks

Question 19

When does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the newborn period 
B)  When the child starts to walk 
C)  During the preadolescent growth spurt 
D)  During adolescence 
A)  In the newborn period 
B)  When the child starts to walk 
C)  During the preadolescent growth spurt 
D)  During adolescence

Question 20

The health care provider has prescribed sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) 5 mg/kg PO per dose twice a day for a child with juvenile arthritis. The child weighs 55 lb. The nurse is preparing to administer the 0900 dose. Calculate the dose the nurse should administer in milligrams. Record your answer below in a whole number.
________

Accepted Answer

125
The correct calculation is

Exam 34: The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

What term is used to describe an abnormally increased convex angulation in the curvature of the thoracic spine?

What measure is important in managing hypercalcemia in a child who is immobilized?

What is the recommended drink for athletes during practice and competition?

What is the primary method of treating osteomyelitis?

A child with a hip spica cast is being prepared for discharge. Recognizing that caring for a child at home is complex, the nurse should include what instructions for the parents' discharge teaching?

The nurse is teaching parents the proper use of a hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis (HKAFO) for their 4-year-old child. The parents demonstrate basic essential knowledge by making what statement?

What is a physiologic effect of immobilization on children?

A child has had a short-arm synthetic cast applied. What should the nurse teach to the child and parents about cast care? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for a child immobilized because of Russel traction. What interventions should the nurse implement to prevent renal calculi? (Select all that apply.)

What statement is true concerning osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)?

A 7-year-old child has just had a cast applied for a fractured arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized. What information should be included in the home care instructions?

The nurse is teaching a child with a cast about cast removal. What should the nurse teach the child about cast removal?

What is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child in traction?

A neonate is born with mild clubfeet. When the parents ask the nurse how this will be corrected, what should the nurse explain?

A young girl has just injured her ankle at school. In addition to notifying the child's parents, what is the most appropriate, immediate action by the school nurse?

After spinal fusion surgery the nurse should check for signs of what?

When does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Social, Cultural, Religious, and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family

Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

The High-Risk Newborn and Family

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of the Infant

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Early Childhood

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of the Adolescent

Family-Centered Care of the Child with Chronic Illness or Disability

Family-Centered Palliative Care

The Child with Cognitive, Sensory, or Communication Impairment

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

The Child with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

The Child with Renal Dysfunction

The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child with Cancer

The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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