Question 1

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure. What laboratory findings should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Metabolic alkalosis 
D)  Elevated blood urea nitrogen level 
E)  Decreased plasma creatinine level 
A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Metabolic alkalosis 
D)  Elevated blood urea nitrogen level 
E)  Decreased plasma creatinine level A, B, D

Question 2

Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated with what irregularities in fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myelomeningocele 
B)  Cardiovascular anomalies 
C)  Malformed or low-set ears 
D)  Defects in lower extremities 
A)  Myelomeningocele 
B)  Cardiovascular anomalies 
C)  Malformed or low-set ears 
D)  Defects in lower extremities C

Question 3

What signs and symptoms are indicative of a urinary tract disorder in the childhood period (2 to 14 years)? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatigue 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Growth failure 
E)  Blood in the urine 
A)  Fatigue 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Growth failure 
E)  Blood in the urine A, D, E

Question 4

What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) who has scrotal edema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place an ice pack on the scrotal area. 
B)  Place the child in an upright sitting position. 
C)  Elevate the scrotum with a rolled washcloth. 
D)  Place a warm moist pack to the scrotal area. 
A)  Place an ice pack on the scrotal area. 
B)  Place the child in an upright sitting position. 
C)  Elevate the scrotum with a rolled washcloth. 
D)  Place a warm moist pack to the scrotal area.

Question 5

A child is admitted in acute renal failure (ARF). Therapeutic management to rapidly provoke a flow of urine includes the administration of what medication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Propranolol (Inderal) 
B)  Calcium gluconate 
C)  Mannitol (Osmitrol) or furosemide (Lasix) (or both) 
D)  Sodium, chloride, and potassium 
A)  Propranolol (Inderal) 
B)  Calcium gluconate 
C)  Mannitol (Osmitrol) or furosemide (Lasix) (or both) 
D)  Sodium, chloride, and potassium

Question 6

Calculate the 24-hour maintenance fluid requirement for a child weighing 25 kg. Fill in the blank with ml/day. Record your answer in a whole number.
__________________

Accepted Answer

1600
Follow the formula for daily fluid

Question 7

A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?

Accepted Answer

A)  "We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill." 
B)  "We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered." 
C)  "We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake." 
D)  "We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for home schooling." 
A)  "We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill." 
B)  "We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered." 
C)  "We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake." 
D)  "We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for home schooling."

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the classification of urinary tract infections of inflammations to its definition.

-Inflammation of the bladder

Accepted Answer

A) Persistent urinary tract infection 
B) Cystitis 
C) Urethritis 
D) Pyelonephritis 
E) Urosepsis 
A) Persistent urinary tract infection 
B) Cystitis 
C) Urethritis 
D) Pyelonephritis 
E) Urosepsis

Question 9

What is the narrowing of preputial opening of foreskin called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chordee 
B)  Phimosis 
C)  Epispadias 
D)  Hypospadias 
A)  Chordee 
B)  Phimosis 
C)  Epispadias 
D)  Hypospadias

Question 10

The parents of a 2-year-old boy who had a repair of exstrophy of the bladder at birth ask when they can begin toilet training their son. The nurse replies based on what knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most boys in the United States can be toilet trained at age 3 years. 
B)  Training can begin when he has sufficient bladder capacity. 
C)  Additional surgery may be necessary to achieve continence. 
D)  They should begin now because he will require additional time. 
A)  Most boys in the United States can be toilet trained at age 3 years. 
B)  Training can begin when he has sufficient bladder capacity. 
C)  Additional surgery may be necessary to achieve continence. 
D)  They should begin now because he will require additional time.

Question 11

What name is given to inflammation of the bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cystitis 
B)  Urethritis 
C)  Urosepsis 
D)  Bacteriuria 
A)  Cystitis 
B)  Urethritis 
C)  Urosepsis 
D)  Bacteriuria

Question 12

Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minimize separation anxiety. 
B)  Prevent urinary complications. 
C)  Increase acceptance of hospitalization. 
D)  Promote development of normal body image. 
A)  Minimize separation anxiety. 
B)  Prevent urinary complications. 
C)  Increase acceptance of hospitalization. 
D)  Promote development of normal body image.

Question 13

A parent asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis was improving. What would be the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood pressure will stabilize. 
B)  Your child will have more energy. 
C)  Urine will be free of protein. 
D)  Urine output will increase. 
A)  Blood pressure will stabilize. 
B)  Your child will have more energy. 
C)  Urine will be free of protein. 
D)  Urine output will increase.

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection who is on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). What side effects of this medication should the nurse teach to the parents and the child? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Rash 
B)  Urticaria 
C)  Pneumonitis 
D)  Renal toxicity 
E)  Photosensitivity 
A)  Rash 
B)  Urticaria 
C)  Pneumonitis 
D)  Renal toxicity 
E)  Photosensitivity

Question 15

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching with the parent of a 7-year-old child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). What statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "My child needs to stay home from school for at least 1 more month." 
B)  "I should not add additional salt to any of my child's meals." 
C)  "My child will not be able to participate in contact sports while receiving corticosteroid therapy." 
D)  "I should measure my child's urine after each void and report the 24-hour amount to the health care provider." 
A)  "My child needs to stay home from school for at least 1 more month." 
B)  "I should not add additional salt to any of my child's meals." 
C)  "My child will not be able to participate in contact sports while receiving corticosteroid therapy." 
D)  "I should measure my child's urine after each void and report the 24-hour amount to the health care provider."

Question 16

A child with acute glomerulonephritis is in the playroom and experiences blurred vision and a headache. What action should the nurse take?

Accepted Answer

A)  Check the urine to see if hematuria has increased. 
B)  Obtain the child's blood pressure and notify the health care provider. 
C)  Obtain serum electrolytes and send urinalysis to the laboratory. 
D)  Reassure the child and encourage bed rest until the headache improves. 
A)  Check the urine to see if hematuria has increased. 
B)  Obtain the child's blood pressure and notify the health care provider. 
C)  Obtain serum electrolytes and send urinalysis to the laboratory. 
D)  Reassure the child and encourage bed rest until the headache improves.

Question 17

What pathologic process is believed to be responsible for the development of postinfectious glomerulonephritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infarction of renal vessels 
B)  Immune complex formation and glomerular deposition 
C)  Bacterial endotoxin deposition on and destruction of glomeruli 
D)  Embolization of glomeruli by bacteria and fibrin from endocardial vegetation 
A)  Infarction of renal vessels 
B)  Immune complex formation and glomerular deposition 
C)  Bacterial endotoxin deposition on and destruction of glomeruli 
D)  Embolization of glomeruli by bacteria and fibrin from endocardial vegetation

Question 18

Parents of a newborn with ambiguous genitalia want to know how long they will have to wait to know whether they have a boy or a girl. The nurse answers the parents based on what knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chromosome analysis will be complete in 7 days. 
B)  A physical examination will be able to provide a definitive answer. 
C)  Additional laboratory testing is necessary to assign the correct gender. 
D)  Gender assignment involves collaboration between the parents and a multidisciplinary team. 
A)  Chromosome analysis will be complete in 7 days. 
B)  A physical examination will be able to provide a definitive answer. 
C)  Additional laboratory testing is necessary to assign the correct gender. 
D)  Gender assignment involves collaboration between the parents and a multidisciplinary team.

Question 19

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteriuria and hematuria 
B)  Hematuria and proteinuria 
C)  Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity 
D)  Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity 
A)  Bacteriuria and hematuria 
B)  Hematuria and proteinuria 
C)  Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity 
D)  Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity

Question 20

The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 to 4 years 
B)  5 to 7 years 
C)  8 to 10 years 
D)  11 to 13 years 
A)  2 to 4 years 
B)  5 to 7 years 
C)  8 to 10 years 
D)  11 to 13 years

Exam 25: The Child with Renal Dysfunction

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure. What laboratory findings should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply.)

Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated with what irregularities in fetal development?

What signs and symptoms are indicative of a urinary tract disorder in the childhood period (2 to 14 years)? (Select all that apply.)

What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) who has scrotal edema?

A child is admitted in acute renal failure (ARF). Therapeutic management to rapidly provoke a flow of urine includes the administration of what medication?

Calculate the 24-hour maintenance fluid requirement for a child weighing 25 kg. Fill in the blank with ml/day. Record your answer in a whole number. __________________

A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?

MATCHING Match the classification of urinary tract infections of inflammations to its definition. -Inflammation of the bladder

What is the narrowing of preputial opening of foreskin called?

The parents of a 2-year-old boy who had a repair of exstrophy of the bladder at birth ask when they can begin toilet training their son. The nurse replies based on what knowledge?

What name is given to inflammation of the bladder?

Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?

A parent asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis was improving. What would be the nurse's best response?

The nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection who is on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). What side effects of this medication should the nurse teach to the parents and the child? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching with the parent of a 7-year-old child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). What statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

A child with acute glomerulonephritis is in the playroom and experiences blurred vision and a headache. What action should the nurse take?

What pathologic process is believed to be responsible for the development of postinfectious glomerulonephritis?

Parents of a newborn with ambiguous genitalia want to know how long they will have to wait to know whether they have a boy or a girl. The nurse answers the parents based on what knowledge?

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Social, Cultural, Religious, and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family

Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

The High-Risk Newborn and Family

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of the Infant

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Early Childhood

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of the Adolescent

Family-Centered Care of the Child with Chronic Illness or Disability

Family-Centered Palliative Care

The Child with Cognitive, Sensory, or Communication Impairment

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

The Child with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child with Cancer

The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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