Exam 1: Culture and Communication
Discuss the two broad paradigms for social science study,including the study of communication,and explain the strengths and weaknesses of each.
The two paradigms are positivist and interpretivist (also called functionalist)and interpretivist (also called humanist). Positivist researchers assume what they study has objective reality,and their study is also objective. The act of studying the phenomena does not affect them. Positivist researchers collect data from many respondents,often in numerical form,and analyze data numerically. The researchers use analyzed data to make generalizations and predictions about the phenomena they study. Their research is high in reliability,but since it cannot capture nuances of context from which the responses come,their research is low in validity.
Interpretivist researchers assume what they study is created by social influences and has subjective reality;furthermore,the act of studying influences the phenomena they study. Interpretivist researchers collect data rich in nuances and contextual variations from a relatively small sample. The findings are analyzed qualitatively,and lead to conclusions about the specific phenomenon,but do not lead to abstracted conclusions that can predict outcomes in other studies. For this reason,their research is low in reliability but high in validity.
Values lie behind attitudes and behaviors.
True
The belief that my culture is normal and central to human experience is called the assumption of universality.
False
Discuss the distinction (from Gudykunst)between intercultural communication and cross-cultural communication,and explain how well you believe this distinction works.
Discuss cultural change and give examples. Refer to deep culture and popular culture in your discussion.
The best response to diversity (or differences in cultures)is to
A characteristic of the discipline of intercultural communication is that it focuses on nations.
Culture shock is a sudden episode experienced by people who go to a foreign culture.
Discuss the two primary reasons for learning about culture for doing business internationally.Give examples.
Discuss typical reactions to an unfamiliar culture: hostility,curiosity,denial,and cooperation. Give examples.
Discuss self-knowledge and the related factors of bias,prejudice,and discrimination. Give examples.
Explain the concept of Cultural Intelligence;describe its three factors and demonstrate in examples how it is a useful way to describe adjustment to another culture.
The study of culture is not something businesspeople need to spend a lot of time on,since businesspeople are the same around the globe.
Research that follows the interpretivist paradigm has low reliability.
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