Question 1

Distinguish between upwelling and downwelling.

Accepted Answer

Upwelling is the upward vertical movement of cold, nutrient-rich, and oxygen-rich water from the ocean bottom and/or beneath the pycnocline toward the ocean surface. Downwelling is the movement of warm, nutrient-depleted, and oxygen-depleted water from the ocean surface downward. Upwelling is associated with highly productive areas of the ocean, while downwelling is associated with low primary production.

Question 2

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all.
-California Current

Accepted Answer

A) tropical latitudes 
B) cold current, northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
C) northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes, warm current 
D) cold current, southern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
E) cold current, polar latitudes, southern hemisphere 
A) tropical latitudes 
B) cold current, northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
C) northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes, warm current 
D) cold current, southern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
E) cold current, polar latitudes, southern hemisphere B

Question 3

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gulf Stream 
B)  Kuroshio Current 
C)  North Equatorial Current 
D)  Peru Current 
E)  Somali Current 
A)  Gulf Stream 
B)  Kuroshio Current 
C)  North Equatorial Current 
D)  Peru Current 
E)  Somali Current D

Question 4

Match the term or description with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all.
-geostrophic current

Accepted Answer

A) seasonal wind pattern 
B) water mass found in the Sargasso Sea 
C) net water movement to the left or right of the direction of the wind 
D) movement of water from the bottom to the top of the water column 
E) unit of current velocity
F)water flow driven by gravity and modified by the Coriolis force
G)movement of water from the top to the bottom of the water column 
A) seasonal wind pattern 
B) water mass found in the Sargasso Sea 
C) net water movement to the left or right of the direction of the wind 
D) movement of water from the bottom to the top of the water column 
E) unit of current velocity
F)water flow driven by gravity and modified by the Coriolis force
G)movement of water from the top to the bottom of the water column

Question 5

Equatorial currents are driven by the:

Accepted Answer

A) Coriolis force. 
B) density. 
C) Ekman transport. 
D) trade winds. 
E) westerlies. 
A) Coriolis force. 
B) density. 
C) Ekman transport. 
D) trade winds. 
E) westerlies.

Question 6

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are:

Accepted Answer

A) broad and deep. 
B) broad and slow. 
C) deep and swift. 
D) narrow and deep. 
E) shallow and swift. 
A) broad and deep. 
B) broad and slow. 
C) deep and swift. 
D) narrow and deep. 
E) shallow and swift.

Question 7

The Ekman spiral is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A) density differences in the water column. 
B) the wind and gravity. 
C) the wind and the Coriolis effect. 
D) the pycnocline. 
E) pressure gradients. 
A) density differences in the water column. 
B) the wind and gravity. 
C) the wind and the Coriolis effect. 
D) the pycnocline. 
E) pressure gradients.

Question 8

-Describe the El Niño Southern Oscillation. What global environmental effects characterize an El Niño event? What global environmental effects characterize a La Niña event?

Accepted Answer

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

Question 9

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  California Current 
B)  Canary Current 
C)  Gulf Stream 
D)  North Atlantic Current 
E)  North Equatorial Current 
A)  California Current 
B)  Canary Current 
C)  Gulf Stream 
D)  North Atlantic Current 
E)  North Equatorial Current

Question 10

When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a:

Accepted Answer

A) cold core ring. 
B) cyclonic circulation. 
C) geostrophic circulation. 
D) Langmuir cell. 
E) warm core ring. 
A) cold core ring. 
B) cyclonic circulation. 
C) geostrophic circulation. 
D) Langmuir cell. 
E) warm core ring.

Question 11

Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?

Accepted Answer

A) deeper current 
B) increased current velocity 
C) warmer water 
D) narrower current 
E) All of the above statements are true of western boundary currents. 
A) deeper current 
B) increased current velocity 
C) warmer water 
D) narrower current 
E) All of the above statements are true of western boundary currents.

Question 12

-Describe the location of the western boundary and eastern boundary current within a gyre. How is the direction of these currents related to heat distribution of the Earth's oceans?

Accepted Answer

The purpose of a gyre is to transport he

Question 13

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all.
-West Wind Drift

Accepted Answer

A) tropical latitudes 
B) cold current, northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
C) northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes, warm current 
D) cold current, southern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
E) cold current, polar latitudes, southern hemisphere 
A) tropical latitudes 
B) cold current, northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
C) northern hemisphere, temperate latitudes, warm current 
D) cold current, southern hemisphere, temperate latitudes 
E) cold current, polar latitudes, southern hemisphere

Question 14

Deep ocean water masses have characteristic temperatures and salinities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Western intensification causes:

Accepted Answer

A) a steeper slope of surface water in the western section of the gyre as compare to the eastern section of the gyre. 
B) equatorial countercurrents. 
C) the center of the gyre to be shift to the west. 
D) very swift western boundary currents. 
E) All of the above statements are the result of westward intensification. 
A) a steeper slope of surface water in the western section of the gyre as compare to the eastern section of the gyre. 
B) equatorial countercurrents. 
C) the center of the gyre to be shift to the west. 
D) very swift western boundary currents. 
E) All of the above statements are the result of westward intensification.

Question 16

The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is:

Accepted Answer

A) Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water. 
B) Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water. 
C) Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water. 
D) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water. 
E) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water. 
A) Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water. 
B) Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water. 
C) Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water. 
D) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water. 
E) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water.

Question 17

The Gulf Stream moves water away from the equator; the Benguela Current moves some of this same water back toward the equator.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A Doppler flow meter is a scientific instrument used to measure current flow rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is a western boundary current?

Accepted Answer

A) Benguela Current 
B) Brazil Current 
C) Canary Current 
D) California Current 
E) Peru Current 
A) Benguela Current 
B) Brazil Current 
C) Canary Current 
D) California Current 
E) Peru Current

Question 20

Thermohaline circulation is wind-driven.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Distinguish between upwelling and downwelling.

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -California Current

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Match the term or description with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -geostrophic current

Equatorial currents are driven by the:

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are:

The Ekman spiral is caused by:

-Describe the El Niño Southern Oscillation. What global environmental effects characterize an El Niño event? What global environmental effects characterize a La Niña event?

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a:

Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?

-Describe the location of the western boundary and eastern boundary current within a gyre. How is the direction of these currents related to heat distribution of the Earth's oceans?

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -West Wind Drift

Deep ocean water masses have characteristic temperatures and salinities.

Western intensification causes:

The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is:

The Gulf Stream moves water away from the equator; the Benguela Current moves some of this same water back toward the equator.

A Doppler flow meter is a scientific instrument used to measure current flow rates.

Which of the following is a western boundary current?

Thermohaline circulation is wind-driven.

Introduction to Planet Earth

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Exam 7: Ocean Circulation

Distinguish between upwelling and downwelling.

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -California Current

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Match the term or description with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -geostrophic current

Equatorial currents are driven by the:

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are:

The Ekman spiral is caused by:

-Describe the El Niño Southern Oscillation. What global environmental effects characterize an El Niño event? What global environmental effects characterize a La Niña event?

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a:

Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?

-Describe the location of the western boundary and eastern boundary current within a gyre. How is the direction of these currents related to heat distribution of the Earth's oceans?

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. -West Wind Drift

Deep ocean water masses have characteristic temperatures and salinities.

Western intensification causes:

The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is:

The Gulf Stream moves water away from the equator; the Benguela Current moves some of this same water back toward the equator.

A Doppler flow meter is a scientific instrument used to measure current flow rates.

Which of the following is a western boundary current?

Thermohaline circulation is wind-driven.

Introduction to Planet Earth

Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor

Marine Provinces

Marine Sediments

Water and Seawater

Air-Sea Interaction

Waves and Water Dynamics

Tides

The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes

The Coastal Ocean

Marine Life and the Marine Environment

Biological Productivity and Energy Transfer

Animals of the Pelagic Environment

Animals of the Benthic Environment

The Oceans and Climate Change

Filters