Question 1

Describe dietary and other strategies for reducing risk of CVD.

Accepted Answer

A diet high in saturated fat and trans fatty acids contributes to high blood LDL cholesterol,whereas reducing those fats in the diet lowers blood LDL cholesterol and may reduce the risk of CVD.Wherever in the world populations consume diets high in saturated fat and low in fish,fruits,vegetables,nuts,and whole grains,blood cholesterol is high,and heart disease takes a toll on health and life.Conversely,wherever dietary fats are mostly unsaturated and where fish,fruits,vegetables,nuts,and whole grains are abundant,blood cholesterol and rates of heart disease are low.A diet too high in refined starches and added sugars has the potential to worsen heart disease risk by elevating blood triglycerides and inflammatory markers and by reducing HDL cholesterol.People with elevated triglycerides may find that replacing refined starches and sugars with whole grains,legumes,or vegetables helps to improve blood lipids.Fish oils,rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,may reduce inflammation,lower triglycerides,prevent blood clots,and produce other effects that may reduce the risk of sudden death associated with both heart disease and stroke.For these reasons,the American Heart Association recommends two meals of fish per week.People diagnosed with heart disease may require more than this amount,preferably from additional servings of fatty fish.

Question 2

A college student who is on a high-protein weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables has just become ill from a viral infection in her intestines.What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria?

Accepted Answer

A) protein deficiency,which has affected immune system cells 
B) vitamin C deficiency from no fruits and vegetables,which has affected white blood cell protection 
C) ​too much saturated fat from meat,which has increased blood cholesterol levels 
D) ​dehydration,which has affected the health of intestinal cells 
E) ​too much protein,which has disrupted the protective,beneficial bacteria in the gut 
A) protein deficiency,which has affected immune system cells 
B) vitamin C deficiency from no fruits and vegetables,which has affected white blood cell protection 
C) ​too much saturated fat from meat,which has increased blood cholesterol levels 
D) ​dehydration,which has affected the health of intestinal cells 
E) ​too much protein,which has disrupted the protective,beneficial bacteria in the gut B

Question 3

​Who is most likely to respond sensitively to dietary sodium intake?

Accepted Answer

A) women 
B) those who are less than 50 years of age 
C) ​those who have asthma 
D) ​African Americans 
E) ​Caucasians 
A) women 
B) those who are less than 50 years of age 
C) ​those who have asthma 
D) ​African Americans 
E) ​Caucasians D

Question 4

​The CDC,American Heart Association,and other groups have collaborated to create a program that encourages people to:

Accepted Answer

A) consume enough whole grains. 
B) eat more fish. 
C) ​switch from cow's milk to soy milk. 
D) ​fill half their plate with vegetables and fruits. 
E) ​eat more milk and milk products. 
A) consume enough whole grains. 
B) eat more fish. 
C) ​switch from cow's milk to soy milk. 
D) ​fill half their plate with vegetables and fruits. 
E) ​eat more milk and milk products.

Question 5

​High blood pressure presents no symptoms that you can feel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A 165-lb.woman with hypertension begins a weight-loss program.As her weight declines,the earliest she can expect to see a significantly lower blood pressure value is when her weight drops to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 125 pounds 
B) 135 pounds 
C) ​145 pounds 
D) ​155 pounds 
E) ​160 pounds 
A) 125 pounds 
B) 135 pounds 
C) ​145 pounds 
D) ​155 pounds 
E) ​160 pounds

Question 7

​Which of the following would be a good suggestion for making small changes in your diet for better health?

Accepted Answer

A) Spread margarine instead of butter on your toast for breakfast. 
B) Instead of a snack of potato chips and sour cream dip eat carrot sticks and hummus. 
C) ​Purchase only foods labeled "no trans fats" to be guaranteed they are low in fat. 
D) Select chicken nuggets instead of a hamburger at a fast-food restaurant. 
E) ​Choose grilled meats instead of smoked meats. 
A) Spread margarine instead of butter on your toast for breakfast. 
B) Instead of a snack of potato chips and sour cream dip eat carrot sticks and hummus. 
C) ​Purchase only foods labeled "no trans fats" to be guaranteed they are low in fat. 
D) Select chicken nuggets instead of a hamburger at a fast-food restaurant. 
E) ​Choose grilled meats instead of smoked meats.

Question 8

​All men and women experience the same types of symptoms when they are having a heart attack.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

​Individuals with hypertension being treated with certain diuretics should consume foods rich in:

Accepted Answer

A) calcium.​ 
B) magnesium. 
C) ​potassium. 
D) ​folate. 
E) ​vitamin D. 
A) calcium.​ 
B) magnesium. 
C) ​potassium. 
D) ​folate. 
E) ​vitamin D.

Question 10

​According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk,saturated fat should provide no more than ____ percent of total calories.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 14 
C) ​20 
D) ​25 
E) ​35 
A) 10 
B) 14 
C) ​20 
D) ​25 
E) ​35

Question 11

​To help prevent hypertension,healthy Caucasians less than 51 years old should limit their sodium intake to less than ____ mg per day.

Accepted Answer

A) 2000 
B) 1500 
C) 2300​ 
D) ​2600 
E) ​3000 
A) 2000 
B) 1500 
C) 2300​ 
D) ​2600 
E) ​3000

Question 12

​Chronic diseases are the only type of diseases that afflict people in developed countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

​A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease and a chronic disease is:

Accepted Answer

A) infectious diseases are not related to the nutritional status of a person. 
B) some infectious diseases can be cured with medications but chronic diseases cannot. 
C) special immune-strengthening foods can prevent infectious diseases. 
D) ​people in developed countries will not get infectious diseases because of existing safeguards. 
E) ​infectious diseases arise not from a straightforward cause but from a mixture of factors. 
A) infectious diseases are not related to the nutritional status of a person. 
B) some infectious diseases can be cured with medications but chronic diseases cannot. 
C) special immune-strengthening foods can prevent infectious diseases. 
D) ​people in developed countries will not get infectious diseases because of existing safeguards. 
E) ​infectious diseases arise not from a straightforward cause but from a mixture of factors.

Question 14

​Describe the DASH diet eating plan,including the types of foods and nutrients emphasized and limited by this plan.

Accepted Answer

​The DASH diet is a diet rich in fruits,

Question 15

​All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

Accepted Answer

A) omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) a low-carbohydrate diet. 
C) ​legumes. 
D) ​fish oils. 
E) ​fruits and vegetables. 
A) omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) a low-carbohydrate diet. 
C) ​legumes. 
D) ​fish oils. 
E) ​fruits and vegetables.

Question 16

​Which is considered a risk factor for CVD?

Accepted Answer

A) total blood cholesterol below 200 mg/dL 
B) HDL higher than 60 mg/dL 
C) ​LDL 160 mg/dL or higher 
D) ​triglycerides less than 150 mg/dL 
E) ​BMI of 19 
A) total blood cholesterol below 200 mg/dL 
B) HDL higher than 60 mg/dL 
C) ​LDL 160 mg/dL or higher 
D) ​triglycerides less than 150 mg/dL 
E) ​BMI of 19

Question 17

​The epigenome on the DNA strand:

Accepted Answer

A) regulates the expression of genes by turning them on or off. 
B) makes the gene expression more permanent and difficult to change. 
C) ​changes the DNA for different functions. 
D) ​is active for only one generation. 
E) ​changes the basic DNA sequence. 
A) regulates the expression of genes by turning them on or off. 
B) makes the gene expression more permanent and difficult to change. 
C) ​changes the DNA for different functions. 
D) ​is active for only one generation. 
E) ​changes the basic DNA sequence.

Question 18

​Obesity is a risk factor for certain cancers such as colon,breast,endometrial,pancreas,and kidney cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

​In addition to calcium,what appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

Accepted Answer

A) niacin 
B) vitamin B₁₂ 
C) ​folate 
D) ​potassium 
E) ​iron 
A) niacin 
B) vitamin B₁₂ 
C) ​folate 
D) ​potassium 
E) ​iron

Question 20

​Joe's doctor tells him his CVD risk is low when tests reveal Joe's:

Accepted Answer

A) LDL cholesterol is 150 mg/dL. 
B) diastolic blood pressure is 75 mm Hg. 
C) ​HDL cholesterol is 25 mg/dL. 
D) blood cholesterol is 240 mg/dL. 
E) ​systolic blood pressure is 160 mm Hg. 
A) LDL cholesterol is 150 mg/dL. 
B) diastolic blood pressure is 75 mm Hg. 
C) ​HDL cholesterol is 25 mg/dL. 
D) blood cholesterol is 240 mg/dL. 
E) ​systolic blood pressure is 160 mm Hg.

Describe dietary and other strategies for reducing risk of CVD.

A college student who is on a high-protein weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables has just become ill from a viral infection in her intestines.What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria?

Who is most likely to respond sensitively to dietary sodium intake?

The CDC,American Heart Association,and other groups have collaborated to create a program that encourages people to:

High blood pressure presents no symptoms that you can feel.

A 165-lb.woman with hypertension begins a weight-loss program.As her weight declines,the earliest she can expect to see a significantly lower blood pressure value is when her weight drops to _____.

Which of the following would be a good suggestion for making small changes in your diet for better health?

All men and women experience the same types of symptoms when they are having a heart attack.

Individuals with hypertension being treated with certain diuretics should consume foods rich in:

According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk,saturated fat should provide no more than ____ percent of total calories.

To help prevent hypertension,healthy Caucasians less than 51 years old should limit their sodium intake to less than ____ mg per day.

Chronic diseases are the only type of diseases that afflict people in developed countries.

A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease and a chronic disease is:

Describe the DASH diet eating plan,including the types of foods and nutrients emphasized and limited by this plan.

All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

Which is considered a risk factor for CVD?

The epigenome on the DNA strand:

Obesity is a risk factor for certain cancers such as colon,breast,endometrial,pancreas,and kidney cancer.

In addition to calcium,what appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

Joe's doctor tells him his CVD risk is low when tests reveal Joe's:

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates Sugar Starch Glycogen and Fiber

The Lipids Fats Oils Phospholipids and Sterols

The Proteins and Amino Acids

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition Mother and Infant

Child Teen and Older Adult

Hunger and the Global Environment

Filters

Exam 11: Diet and Health

Describe dietary and other strategies for reducing risk of CVD.

A college student who is on a high-protein weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables has just become ill from a viral infection in her intestines.What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria?

​Who is most likely to respond sensitively to dietary sodium intake?

​The CDC,American Heart Association,and other groups have collaborated to create a program that encourages people to:

​High blood pressure presents no symptoms that you can feel.

A 165-lb.woman with hypertension begins a weight-loss program.As her weight declines,the earliest she can expect to see a significantly lower blood pressure value is when her weight drops to _____.

​Which of the following would be a good suggestion for making small changes in your diet for better health?

​All men and women experience the same types of symptoms when they are having a heart attack.

​Individuals with hypertension being treated with certain diuretics should consume foods rich in:

​According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk,saturated fat should provide no more than ____ percent of total calories.

​To help prevent hypertension,healthy Caucasians less than 51 years old should limit their sodium intake to less than ____ mg per day.

​Chronic diseases are the only type of diseases that afflict people in developed countries.

​A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease and a chronic disease is:

​Describe the DASH diet eating plan,including the types of foods and nutrients emphasized and limited by this plan.

​All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

​Which is considered a risk factor for CVD?

​The epigenome on the DNA strand:

​Obesity is a risk factor for certain cancers such as colon,breast,endometrial,pancreas,and kidney cancer.

​In addition to calcium,what appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

​Joe's doctor tells him his CVD risk is low when tests reveal Joe's:

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates Sugar Starch Glycogen and Fiber

The Lipids Fats Oils Phospholipids and Sterols

The Proteins and Amino Acids

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition Mother and Infant

Child Teen and Older Adult

Hunger and the Global Environment

Filters

Who is most likely to respond sensitively to dietary sodium intake?

The CDC,American Heart Association,and other groups have collaborated to create a program that encourages people to:

High blood pressure presents no symptoms that you can feel.

Which of the following would be a good suggestion for making small changes in your diet for better health?

All men and women experience the same types of symptoms when they are having a heart attack.

Individuals with hypertension being treated with certain diuretics should consume foods rich in:

According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk,saturated fat should provide no more than ____ percent of total calories.

To help prevent hypertension,healthy Caucasians less than 51 years old should limit their sodium intake to less than ____ mg per day.

Chronic diseases are the only type of diseases that afflict people in developed countries.

A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease and a chronic disease is:

Describe the DASH diet eating plan,including the types of foods and nutrients emphasized and limited by this plan.

All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

Which is considered a risk factor for CVD?

The epigenome on the DNA strand:

Obesity is a risk factor for certain cancers such as colon,breast,endometrial,pancreas,and kidney cancer.

In addition to calcium,what appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

Joe's doctor tells him his CVD risk is low when tests reveal Joe's: