Question 1

The importance of the lungs in the circulatory system is that they are responsible for:​

Accepted Answer

A) adding oxygen to the blood. 
B) removing glucose from the blood. 
C) ​adding nutrients to the blood. 
D) ​removing extra water from the blood. 
E) ​removing carbon monoxide from the blood. 
A) adding oxygen to the blood. 
B) removing glucose from the blood. 
C) ​adding nutrients to the blood. 
D) ​removing extra water from the blood. 
E) ​removing carbon monoxide from the blood. A

Question 2

​Which of the following determines the nature of the cell's work?

Accepted Answer

A) organs 
B) mutations 
C) ​red blood cells 
D) ​gene activity 
E) ​organelles 
A) organs 
B) mutations 
C) ​red blood cells 
D) ​gene activity 
E) ​organelles D

Question 3

Among the cells' most basic needs are _____ and the oxygen with which to burn it.​

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) essential nutrients 
C) ​building blocks 
D) ​hydrogen 
E) ​energy 
A) water 
B) essential nutrients 
C) ​building blocks 
D) ​hydrogen 
E) ​energy E

Question 4

As food moves through the digestive tract it spends the most time in the:​

Accepted Answer

A) esophagus because of the slow movement of peristalsis on chewed food. 
B) stomach because of the extensive breakdown of carbohydrates and fats. 
C) ​small intestine because of the time it takes to absorb through the villi. 
D) ​large intestine because of the need to partially digest fiber and absorb water. 
E) ​large intestine because of the extra villi on colon cells. 
A) esophagus because of the slow movement of peristalsis on chewed food. 
B) stomach because of the extensive breakdown of carbohydrates and fats. 
C) ​small intestine because of the time it takes to absorb through the villi. 
D) ​large intestine because of the need to partially digest fiber and absorb water. 
E) ​large intestine because of the extra villi on colon cells.

Question 5

Describe and differentiate the mechanical and chemical aspects of digestion.​

Accepted Answer

The mechanical digestive actions include

Question 6

Some vitamins are stored in the body without limit,even if they reach toxic levels.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What are the major roles of the villi and microvilli in the small intestine?​

Accepted Answer

A) The microvilli absorb nutrients into the lymphatic system. 
B) The microvilli trap nutrients so the villi cells can absorb them. 
C) ​The villi block toxins from absorption into the blood. 
D) ​The villi complete the breakdown of foods into nutrients. 
E) ​The microvilli facilitate digestion of a greater percentage of deficient nutrients. 
A) The microvilli absorb nutrients into the lymphatic system. 
B) The microvilli trap nutrients so the villi cells can absorb them. 
C) ​The villi block toxins from absorption into the blood. 
D) ​The villi complete the breakdown of foods into nutrients. 
E) ​The microvilli facilitate digestion of a greater percentage of deficient nutrients.

Question 8

Which of the following is a storage site that stores nutrients for release to meet the cells' needs between meals?​

Accepted Answer

A) liver 
B) kidney 
C) ​stomach 
D) ​pancreas 
E) ​small intestine 
A) liver 
B) kidney 
C) ​stomach 
D) ​pancreas 
E) ​small intestine

Question 9

Describe the hormonal and nervous systems' response to stress or physical danger.​

Accepted Answer

The hormonal and nervous systems work to

Question 10

Most people have aversions to _____ tastes.​

Accepted Answer

A) sweet 
B) salty 
C) ​fatty 
D) ​bitter 
E) ​umami 
A) sweet 
B) salty 
C) ​fatty 
D) ​bitter 
E) ​umami

Question 11

During the fight-or-flight reaction to stress the nervous system reacts by:​

Accepted Answer

A) temporarily shutting down metabolism. 
B) slowing down breathing to conserve oxygen. 
C) ​releasing stored glucose from the liver. 
D) ​speeding up the work of the digestive system. 
E) ​slowing the heart rate to conserve blood. 
A) temporarily shutting down metabolism. 
B) slowing down breathing to conserve oxygen. 
C) ​releasing stored glucose from the liver. 
D) ​speeding up the work of the digestive system. 
E) ​slowing the heart rate to conserve blood.

Question 12

Which strategy should be used by someone experiencing heartburn?​

Accepted Answer

A) Drink plenty of liquids during meals. 
B) Wear tight clothing. 
C) ​Lie down after meals. 
D) ​Eat smaller meals. 
E) ​Avoid milk and milk products. 
A) Drink plenty of liquids during meals. 
B) Wear tight clothing. 
C) ​Lie down after meals. 
D) ​Eat smaller meals. 
E) ​Avoid milk and milk products.

Question 13

What alert(s)your conscious mind to the sensation of hunger?​

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus only 
B) stomach muscles only 
C) ​taste buds only 
D) ​hypothalamus and stomach muscles 
E) ​taste buds and fat cells 
A) hypothalamus only 
B) stomach muscles only 
C) ​taste buds only 
D) ​hypothalamus and stomach muscles 
E) ​taste buds and fat cells

Question 14

Which statement is true regarding the timing of meals?​

Accepted Answer

A) Timing of meals is important because the digestive tract is unable to digest foods at certain times. 
B) A meal should be consumed immediately before exercise to enhance physical work. 
C) ​Eating a meal late at night is desirable because it facilitates sleep. 
D) ​Timing of meals is important to feeling well. 
E) ​Timing of meals impacts the efficacy of energy storage. 
A) Timing of meals is important because the digestive tract is unable to digest foods at certain times. 
B) A meal should be consumed immediately before exercise to enhance physical work. 
C) ​Eating a meal late at night is desirable because it facilitates sleep. 
D) ​Timing of meals is important to feeling well. 
E) ​Timing of meals impacts the efficacy of energy storage.

Question 15

Some nutrients are stored in the body in much smaller quantities than others are.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which types of cells normally replace themselves once every few years?​

Accepted Answer

A) muscle cells 
B) skin cells 
C) ​digestive tract cells 
D) ​red blood cells 
E) ​brain cells 
A) muscle cells 
B) skin cells 
C) ​digestive tract cells 
D) ​red blood cells 
E) ​brain cells

Question 17

A person in an emergency situation is unable to eat for several weeks.Which of the following would provide most of the energy that this person would need to survive?​

Accepted Answer

A) fat 
B) liver glycogen 
C) ​bones 
D) ​muscle glycogen 
E) ​blood glucose 
A) fat 
B) liver glycogen 
C) ​bones 
D) ​muscle glycogen 
E) ​blood glucose

Question 18

Digestion of macronutrients begins in the mouth with enzyme action on:​

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates,fats,and proteins by various enzymes. 
B) proteins by proteases. 
C) ​fats by carbohydrases. 
D) ​fats by proteases. 
E) ​starches by carbohydrases. 
A) carbohydrates,fats,and proteins by various enzymes. 
B) proteins by proteases. 
C) ​fats by carbohydrases. 
D) ​fats by proteases. 
E) ​starches by carbohydrases.

Question 19

Which of the following does not occur as part of the stress response?​

Accepted Answer

A) The muscles tense up. 
B) The liver pours forth glucose from its stores. 
C) ​The digestive system speeds up. 
D) ​The fat cells release fat. 
E) ​The heart rate increases. 
A) The muscles tense up. 
B) The liver pours forth glucose from its stores. 
C) ​The digestive system speeds up. 
D) ​The fat cells release fat. 
E) ​The heart rate increases.

Question 20

Briefly describe the actions of the body's phagocytes and lymphocytes (hint: include 3 cell types).​

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes.These scavenger cells travel

The importance of the lungs in the circulatory system is that they are responsible for:

Which of the following determines the nature of the cell's work?

Among the cells' most basic needs are _____ and the oxygen with which to burn it.

As food moves through the digestive tract it spends the most time in the:

Describe and differentiate the mechanical and chemical aspects of digestion.

Some vitamins are stored in the body without limit,even if they reach toxic levels.

What are the major roles of the villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

Which of the following is a storage site that stores nutrients for release to meet the cells' needs between meals?

Describe the hormonal and nervous systems' response to stress or physical danger.

Most people have aversions to _____ tastes.

During the fight-or-flight reaction to stress the nervous system reacts by:

Which strategy should be used by someone experiencing heartburn?

What alert(s)your conscious mind to the sensation of hunger?

Which statement is true regarding the timing of meals?

Some nutrients are stored in the body in much smaller quantities than others are.

Which types of cells normally replace themselves once every few years?

A person in an emergency situation is unable to eat for several weeks.Which of the following would provide most of the energy that this person would need to survive?

Digestion of macronutrients begins in the mouth with enzyme action on:

Which of the following does not occur as part of the stress response?

Briefly describe the actions of the body's phagocytes and lymphocytes (hint: include 3 cell types).

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Exam 3: The Remarkable Body