Question 1

Compared to meat eaters,vegetarians tend to have:​

Accepted Answer

A) higher death rates from heart disease. 
B) lower intakes of phytochemicals. 
C) ​higher blood pressure. 
D) ​lower intakes of nuts and fruits. 
E) ​healthier body weights. 
A) higher death rates from heart disease. 
B) lower intakes of phytochemicals. 
C) ​higher blood pressure. 
D) ​lower intakes of nuts and fruits. 
E) ​healthier body weights.

Question 2

Antibodies are large proteins in the blood that are effective in helping to destroy invading foreign particles.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is a health benefit of a vegetarian diet?​

Accepted Answer

A) Eating small amounts of soy protein can contribute to a major decline in LDL cholesterol. 
B) Even though vegetarians may eat cheese,sour cream,and butter in their diets,their blood lipids do not reflect it. 
C) Lacto-ovo vegetarians have a lower rate of cancer than fish but not meat eaters. 
D) ​Vegetarians tend to have lower blood pressure than nonvegetarians. 
E) ​A vegetarian diet correlates with increased energy intake and increased obesity. 
A) Eating small amounts of soy protein can contribute to a major decline in LDL cholesterol. 
B) Even though vegetarians may eat cheese,sour cream,and butter in their diets,their blood lipids do not reflect it. 
C) Lacto-ovo vegetarians have a lower rate of cancer than fish but not meat eaters. 
D) ​Vegetarians tend to have lower blood pressure than nonvegetarians. 
E) ​A vegetarian diet correlates with increased energy intake and increased obesity.

Question 4

Negative nitrogen balance occurs in:​

Accepted Answer

A) growing children. 
B) lactating women. 
C) ​pregnant women. 
D) ​a surgery patient. 
E) ​a casual exerciser. 
A) growing children. 
B) lactating women. 
C) ​pregnant women. 
D) ​a surgery patient. 
E) ​a casual exerciser.

Question 5

Why should eggs be cooked,rather than eaten raw?​

Accepted Answer

A) Raw egg proteins provide excessive amounts of the mineral iron. 
B) Raw egg proteins speed up protein digestion. 
C) ​Raw egg proteins cannot be denatured in the human body. 
D) ​Raw egg proteins are completely indigestible. 
E) ​Raw egg proteins bind the B vitamin biotin. 
A) Raw egg proteins provide excessive amounts of the mineral iron. 
B) Raw egg proteins speed up protein digestion. 
C) ​Raw egg proteins cannot be denatured in the human body. 
D) ​Raw egg proteins are completely indigestible. 
E) ​Raw egg proteins bind the B vitamin biotin.

Question 6

Which statement is true of a vegan diet?​

Accepted Answer

A) Very young children may not consume enough plant sources of protein to build and maintain bone and muscle tissue. 
B) A vegan woman always has excellent stores of nutrients needed for pregnancy. 
C) ​Research shows that vegan diets promote normal growth in children. 
D) Vegan children's daily protein requirement is less than meat-eating children's. 
E) Child-sized vegan servings are larger than adult-sized vegan servings. 
A) Very young children may not consume enough plant sources of protein to build and maintain bone and muscle tissue. 
B) A vegan woman always has excellent stores of nutrients needed for pregnancy. 
C) ​Research shows that vegan diets promote normal growth in children. 
D) Vegan children's daily protein requirement is less than meat-eating children's. 
E) Child-sized vegan servings are larger than adult-sized vegan servings.

Question 7

Which of the following would have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?​

Accepted Answer

A) a 28-year-old woman 
B) a 6-year-old child 
C) ​a 40-year-old male 
D) ​a 34-year-old woman 
E) ​a 28-year-old male 
A) a 28-year-old woman 
B) a 6-year-old child 
C) ​a 40-year-old male 
D) ​a 34-year-old woman 
E) ​a 28-year-old male

Question 8

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer.What evidence is available to support her decision?​

Accepted Answer

A) Vegetarian diets contain greater amounts of heart-protective omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber,which reduces risk of heart disease. 
C) ​Substituting soy for meat proteins has resulted in a large decrease in heart disease risk. 
D) Lung cancer never develops in people eating plant-based diets. 
E) ​Intakes of fruit and vegetables decrease when meat consumption decreases. 
A) Vegetarian diets contain greater amounts of heart-protective omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber,which reduces risk of heart disease. 
C) ​Substituting soy for meat proteins has resulted in a large decrease in heart disease risk. 
D) Lung cancer never develops in people eating plant-based diets. 
E) ​Intakes of fruit and vegetables decrease when meat consumption decreases.

Question 9

A young man has said to you that he is eating much more protein in his diet than the recommendation but he feels he needs the extra amount just in case he wants to build more muscle mass in the near future.How would you respond to him?​

Accepted Answer

A) It should be fine because the cells will store the extra amino acids for future use. 
B) If he has excess calories in his diet,he may gain fat weight from converted protein. 
C) ​The extra protein will be used for fuel instead of the carbohydrate. 
D) ​The body won't digest the extra protein and it will be eliminated in feces. 
E) ​The excess amino acids can only be stored for up to 48 hours. 
A) It should be fine because the cells will store the extra amino acids for future use. 
B) If he has excess calories in his diet,he may gain fat weight from converted protein. 
C) ​The extra protein will be used for fuel instead of the carbohydrate. 
D) ​The body won't digest the extra protein and it will be eliminated in feces. 
E) ​The excess amino acids can only be stored for up to 48 hours.

Question 10

An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:​

Accepted Answer

A) a low intake of iron. 
B) a low intake of vitamin B₁₂. 
C) ​an excessive intake of vitamin c. 
D) ​a low intake of all vitamins. 
E) ​a low intake of folate. 
A) a low intake of iron. 
B) a low intake of vitamin B₁₂. 
C) ​an excessive intake of vitamin c. 
D) ​a low intake of all vitamins. 
E) ​a low intake of folate.

Question 11

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue.This practice does not work because:​

Accepted Answer

A) the body has only a limited capacity to store extra amino acids. 
B) the body will dismantle its tissue proteins in this situation. 
C) ​meat does not provide sufficient amino acids to build muscle tissue. 
D) ​a diet high in protein does not provide enough total energy to support growth. 
E) ​the body uses excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat. 
A) the body has only a limited capacity to store extra amino acids. 
B) the body will dismantle its tissue proteins in this situation. 
C) ​meat does not provide sufficient amino acids to build muscle tissue. 
D) ​a diet high in protein does not provide enough total energy to support growth. 
E) ​the body uses excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat.

Question 12

Which of the following accounts for the differences among the various amino acids?​

Accepted Answer

A) the presence or absence of nitrogen 
B) the amine group 
C) ​the side chain 
D) ​the type of bonds 
E) ​the acid group 
A) the presence or absence of nitrogen 
B) the amine group 
C) ​the side chain 
D) ​the type of bonds 
E) ​the acid group

Question 13

If needed,protein can help to maintain a steady blood glucose level and so meet the glucose needs of the brain.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

How many amino acids are considered to be essential amino acids?​

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 20 
C) ​7 
D) ​13 
E) ​9 
A) 5 
B) 20 
C) ​7 
D) ​13 
E) ​9

Question 15

Certain proteins act as buffers in the blood.In this role they are responsible for:​

Accepted Answer

A) providing immunity from foreign substances that invade the body. 
B) making sure that sodium is transported outside the cells. 
C) ​ensuring that too much fluid in the cells doesn't cause edema. 
D) ​picking up and releasing hydrogens in the blood to balance its pH. 
E) ​ensuring that blood glucose is maintained within a specific range. 
A) providing immunity from foreign substances that invade the body. 
B) making sure that sodium is transported outside the cells. 
C) ​ensuring that too much fluid in the cells doesn't cause edema. 
D) ​picking up and releasing hydrogens in the blood to balance its pH. 
E) ​ensuring that blood glucose is maintained within a specific range.

Question 16

Describe the relationship between vegetarian diets and risks of colon cancer.​

Accepted Answer

Evidence suggests that high intakes of r

Question 17

Which of the following food groups does not provide significant protein?​

Accepted Answer

A) fruits 
B) grains 
C) ​vegetables 
D) ​milk,yogurt,and cheese 
E) ​legumes 
A) fruits 
B) grains 
C) ​vegetables 
D) ​milk,yogurt,and cheese 
E) ​legumes

Question 18

​In times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrates or fats in foods,the body uses protein in what way?

Accepted Answer

A) decreases the breakdown of food proteins for energy and uses stored glycogen 
B) stores amino acids in the cells to be used later for energy 
C) ​removes the nitrogen portion and uses the remaining fragments for energy 
D) ​converts it to fat to provide more concentrated energy 
E) ​strips off its acid groups so that they can be used elsewhere for energy 
A) decreases the breakdown of food proteins for energy and uses stored glycogen 
B) stores amino acids in the cells to be used later for energy 
C) ​removes the nitrogen portion and uses the remaining fragments for energy 
D) ​converts it to fat to provide more concentrated energy 
E) ​strips off its acid groups so that they can be used elsewhere for energy

Question 19

A sedentary male college student aged 23 needs how much protein if he weighs 175 pounds?​

Accepted Answer

A) 46 grams/day 
B) 64 grams/day 
C) ​86 grams/day 
D) ​140 grams/day 
E) ​175 grams/day 
A) 46 grams/day 
B) 64 grams/day 
C) ​86 grams/day 
D) ​140 grams/day 
E) ​175 grams/day

Question 20

Which of the following is a protein catalyst,which facilitates chemical reactions?​

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid 
B) enzyme 
C) ​lipoprotein 
D) ​hormone 
E) ​antibody 
A) amino acid 
B) enzyme 
C) ​lipoprotein 
D) ​hormone 
E) ​antibody

Compared to meat eaters,vegetarians tend to have:

Antibodies are large proteins in the blood that are effective in helping to destroy invading foreign particles.

Which of the following is a health benefit of a vegetarian diet?

Negative nitrogen balance occurs in:

Why should eggs be cooked,rather than eaten raw?

Which statement is true of a vegan diet?

Which of the following would have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer.What evidence is available to support her decision?

A young man has said to you that he is eating much more protein in his diet than the recommendation but he feels he needs the extra amount just in case he wants to build more muscle mass in the near future.How would you respond to him?

An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue.This practice does not work because:

Which of the following accounts for the differences among the various amino acids?

If needed,protein can help to maintain a steady blood glucose level and so meet the glucose needs of the brain.

How many amino acids are considered to be essential amino acids?

Certain proteins act as buffers in the blood.In this role they are responsible for:

Describe the relationship between vegetarian diets and risks of colon cancer.

Which of the following food groups does not provide significant protein?

In times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrates or fats in foods,the body uses protein in what way?

A sedentary male college student aged 23 needs how much protein if he weighs 175 pounds?

Which of the following is a protein catalyst,which facilitates chemical reactions?

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Exam 6: The Proteins and Amino Acids