Question 1

Pathogenic bacteria that contain S-layers are protected against host defense mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Cellular inclusions in prokaryotic cells serve to

Accepted Answer

A)  store energy rich compounds. 
B)  protect DNA. 
C)  position cells in the appropriate environment for survival. 
D)  store energy rich compounds and position cells in the appropriate environment for survival. 
A)  store energy rich compounds. 
B)  protect DNA. 
C)  position cells in the appropriate environment for survival. 
D)  store energy rich compounds and position cells in the appropriate environment for survival.

Question 3

Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB)is a carbon- and energy-storing polymer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs)protect DNA from ultraviolet light and are found in high numbers within

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  endospores. 
C)  inclusion bodies. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria. 
A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  endospores. 
C)  inclusion bodies. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria.

Question 5

Explain why a eukaryotic cell needs membrane-enclosed lysosomes and peroxisomes.

Accepted Answer

The structures both contain high concent

Question 6

Mitochondria and hydrogenosomes are similar in that they both

Accepted Answer

A)  are the site of energy production in eukaryotic cells. 
B)  evolved via endosymbiosis of bacterial cells. 
C)  are the site of aerobic respiration. 
D)  evolved via endosymbiosis and are sites for aerobic respiration and energy production. 
A)  are the site of energy production in eukaryotic cells. 
B)  evolved via endosymbiosis of bacterial cells. 
C)  are the site of aerobic respiration. 
D)  evolved via endosymbiosis and are sites for aerobic respiration and energy production.

Question 7

The morphology of a cell influences its

Accepted Answer

A)  motility. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  surface-to-volume ratio. 
D)  motility and surface-to-volume ratio. 
A)  motility. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  surface-to-volume ratio. 
D)  motility and surface-to-volume ratio.

Question 8

Electron microscopy has greater ________ than light microscopy,because the wavelengths of visible light are much larger than the wavelengths of electrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast 
B)  magnification 
C)  resolution 
D)  penetration 
A)  contrast 
B)  magnification 
C)  resolution 
D)  penetration

Question 9

The Golgi complex functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  modify and secrete proteins to the external environment. 
B)  sort proteins used within the cell. 
C)  both modify and sort proteins into those destined for secretion and those that function in membrane structures. 
D)  synthesize proteins. 
A)  modify and secrete proteins to the external environment. 
B)  sort proteins used within the cell. 
C)  both modify and sort proteins into those destined for secretion and those that function in membrane structures. 
D)  synthesize proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following types of microscopy can be used with live cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast microscopy 
B)  transmission electron microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  scanning electron microscopy 
A)  phase-contrast microscopy 
B)  transmission electron microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  scanning electron microscopy

Question 11

Electron microscopes have less resolving power than light microscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Despite the invariance of the peptidoglycan backbone's structure,there are more than 100 different types of peptidoglycan.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When does endospore formation commence?

Accepted Answer

A)  when bacterial growth ceases due to limitation of an essential nutrient 
B)  when the bacterium is undergoing binary fission 
C)  when bacteria are dividing exponentially 
D)  following bacterial death 
A)  when bacterial growth ceases due to limitation of an essential nutrient 
B)  when the bacterium is undergoing binary fission 
C)  when bacteria are dividing exponentially 
D)  following bacterial death

Question 14

Why is energy required for nutrient transport? Give an example of a system that transports nutrients and describe what source of energy is used to move the nutrients into the cell.

Accepted Answer

Energy is required for nutrient transpor

Question 15

Describe the makeup of the phospholipid bilayer.Include molecular orientation and proteins as well.

Accepted Answer

The fatty acid components of the lipids

Question 16

Based on the table of attributes given below,which of the following statements are FALSE about the two organisms? Characteristic Bacterium A Bacterium B
Endospore formation yes no
Capsule no yes
Type IV pili yes no
Flagella no no
Morphology bacillus bacillus

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacterium A is more resistant to heat and ultraviolet light. 
B)  Bacterium B likely forms a slime layer better than Bacterium A. 
C)  Bacterium B is likely to exhibit motility. 
D)  Both bacteria may attach to surfaces. 
A)  Bacterium A is more resistant to heat and ultraviolet light. 
B)  Bacterium B likely forms a slime layer better than Bacterium A. 
C)  Bacterium B is likely to exhibit motility. 
D)  Both bacteria may attach to surfaces.

Question 17

Aquaporins are

Accepted Answer

A)  water transport proteins. 
B)  molecules that prevent water from crossing a membrane. 
C)  enzymes involved in the generation of water within cells. 
D)  cations bound to water molecules. 
A)  water transport proteins. 
B)  molecules that prevent water from crossing a membrane. 
C)  enzymes involved in the generation of water within cells. 
D)  cations bound to water molecules.

Question 18

One of the many types of proteins found in the cytoplasmic membrane is involved in the chemotactic response and is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolytic enzyme. 
B)  chemoreceptor. 
C)  binding protein. 
D)  porin. 
A)  hydrolytic enzyme. 
B)  chemoreceptor. 
C)  binding protein. 
D)  porin.

Question 19

Type IV pili are involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment of cells to surfaces. 
B)  twitching motility. 
C)  pathogenesis. 
D)  attachment to surfaces, twitching motility, and pathogenesis. 
A)  attachment of cells to surfaces. 
B)  twitching motility. 
C)  pathogenesis. 
D)  attachment to surfaces, twitching motility, and pathogenesis.

Question 20

The peptide interbridge crosslinking between peptidoglycan layers is found ONLY in the cell walls of

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea. 
B)  Eukarya. 
C)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria. 
A)  Archaea. 
B)  Eukarya. 
C)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria.

Exam 2: Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Pathogenic bacteria that contain S-layers are protected against host defense mechanisms.

Cellular inclusions in prokaryotic cells serve to

Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB)is a carbon- and energy-storing polymer.

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs)protect DNA from ultraviolet light and are found in high numbers within

Explain why a eukaryotic cell needs membrane-enclosed lysosomes and peroxisomes.

Mitochondria and hydrogenosomes are similar in that they both

The morphology of a cell influences its

Electron microscopy has greater ________ than light microscopy,because the wavelengths of visible light are much larger than the wavelengths of electrons.

The Golgi complex functions to

Which of the following types of microscopy can be used with live cells?

Electron microscopes have less resolving power than light microscopes.

Despite the invariance of the peptidoglycan backbone's structure,there are more than 100 different types of peptidoglycan.

When does endospore formation commence?

Why is energy required for nutrient transport? Give an example of a system that transports nutrients and describe what source of energy is used to move the nutrients into the cell.

Describe the makeup of the phospholipid bilayer.Include molecular orientation and proteins as well.

Based on the table of attributes given below,which of the following statements are FALSE about the two organisms? Characteristic Bacterium A Bacterium B Endospore formation yes no Capsule no yes Type IV pili yes no Flagella no no Morphology bacillus bacillus

Aquaporins are

One of the many types of proteins found in the cytoplasmic membrane is involved in the chemotactic response and is called a

Type IV pili are involved in

The peptide interbridge crosslinking between peptidoglycan layers is found ONLY in the cell walls of

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

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