Exam 2: Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Compare and contrast the location and activities of periplasm-binding proteins of ABC transport systems in gram-negative and gram-positive Bacteria.

The prokaryotic transport system that involves a substrate-binding protein,a membrane-integrated transporter,and an ATP-hydrolyzing protein is

Eukaryotes have ________ in their cytoplasmic membranes,which serve to strengthen and stabilize the membrane and make it less flexible.Many bacteria have similar molecules,known as ________,in their cytoplasmic membranes that have a similar role.

Smaller prokaryotic cells generally grow faster than larger ones due to a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.

The cytoplasmic membrane could best be described as

An endotoxin is

The lipids in the cytoplasmic membrane of Bacteria and ________ contain ester linkages,while the cytoplasmic membrane of ________ contain ether linkages.

In gram-positive Bacteria,the cell walls are composed mainly of thick ________ layers.

Some of the intestinal symptoms elicited by pathogens such as Salmonella,Shigella,and Escherichia are due to the presence of

Membrane-enclosed organelles,such as nuclei,lysosomes,endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria,and chloroplasts,

Although the inner leaflet of the gram-negative outer membrane is composed mainly of phospholipids,the outer leaflet of the outer membrane contains

Some archaea have unique phospholipids in their cytoplasmic membrane that

You are given an electron micrograph of a bacterial cell.In the micrograph you can clearly see three thin layers of different densities surrounding the cell.Based on the micrograph,you can infer that this cell is ________ and would appear ________ after application of the Gram stain procedure.

The use of the Gram stain in microbiology is important because it differentiates

The membrane-enclosed compartments that contain digestive enzymes in eukaryotic cells are called

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

What is the function of an endospore and how is an endospore formed?

Construct a chart to show at least five major differences between the cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall of bacteria and archaea.What are the implications of these differences?

Carrier-mediated transport is necessary when

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and ribosomes,which supports the endosymbiosis hypothesis.