Question 1

In the solid-phase red cell adherence test,a negative test would appear as:

Accepted Answer

A) a button of cells on the bottom of the well. 
B) adherence of cells along the sides and bottom of the wells. 
C) hemolysis of red cells. 
D) a line of cells along the top of the well. 
A) a button of cells on the bottom of the well. 
B) adherence of cells along the sides and bottom of the wells. 
C) hemolysis of red cells. 
D) a line of cells along the top of the well. A

Question 2

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure.
-Reagent used in the identification of ABO antibodies

Accepted Answer

A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins 
A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins C

Question 3

Polyspecific antihuman globulin contains:

Accepted Answer

A) anti-IgG. 
B) anti-C3b and anti-C3d. 
C) anti-IgG and anti-C3d. 
D) anti-IgG and anti-IgM. 
A) anti-IgG. 
B) anti-C3b and anti-C3d. 
C) anti-IgG and anti-C3d. 
D) anti-IgG and anti-IgM. C

Question 4

The antiglobulin test was performed using gel technology.A button of cells was observed at the bottom of the microtube following centrifugation.This result indicates a:

Accepted Answer

A) problem with the card. 
B) negative reaction. 
C) strong positive reaction. 
D) failure to wash correctly. 
A) problem with the card. 
B) negative reaction. 
C) strong positive reaction. 
D) failure to wash correctly.

Question 5

Which red cells are used to screen for antibodies in donor samples?

Accepted Answer

A) Screening cells (two vials) 
B) Pooled screening cells 
C) Panel cells 
D) Screening cells (three vials) 
A) Screening cells (two vials) 
B) Pooled screening cells 
C) Panel cells 
D) Screening cells (three vials)

Question 6

Select the antiglobulin test that best fits the descriptions below.
 selection may be used more than once.
-Detects IgG or complement-coated red cells

Accepted Answer

A) Indirect antiglobulin test 
B) Direct antiglobulin test 
C) Both the direct and indirect antiglobulin test 
A) Indirect antiglobulin test 
B) Direct antiglobulin test 
C) Both the direct and indirect antiglobulin test

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding IgG-sensitized red cells?

Accepted Answer

A) They must be used to confirm a negative antiglobulin tube test. 
B) They must be used to confirm a positive antiglobulin test. 
C) They must be used to confirm a direct antiglobulin test that was negative with anti-C3d. 
D) They should be used only with the indirect antiglobulin test. 
A) They must be used to confirm a negative antiglobulin tube test. 
B) They must be used to confirm a positive antiglobulin test. 
C) They must be used to confirm a direct antiglobulin test that was negative with anti-C3d. 
D) They should be used only with the indirect antiglobulin test.

Question 8

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure.
-Reagent used to determine the ABO antigenic composition of a patient's red cells

Accepted Answer

A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins 
A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins

Question 9

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure.
-Reagent derived from plants used to distinguish group A1 from group A2 red cells

Accepted Answer

A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins 
A) Panel cells 
B) Screening cells 
C) A1 and B cells 
D) ABO antisera 
E) Lectins

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true regarding high-protein anti-D reagents?

Accepted Answer

A) They have been largely replaced with low-protein monoclonal reagents. 
B) They contain approximately 20% bovine albumin. 
C) They may increase the possibility of a false-positive reaction,requiring the use of a control. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) They have been largely replaced with low-protein monoclonal reagents. 
B) They contain approximately 20% bovine albumin. 
C) They may increase the possibility of a false-positive reaction,requiring the use of a control. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 11

The gel technology method uses a concentration of red cells that is:

Accepted Answer

A) higher than tube techniques. 
B) lower than tube techniques. 
C) the same as the 3% to 5% requirement for tube testing. 
D) variable according to the test performed. 
A) higher than tube techniques. 
B) lower than tube techniques. 
C) the same as the 3% to 5% requirement for tube testing. 
D) variable according to the test performed.

Question 12

Following centrifugation of the gel card,red cells are observed to be evenly dispersed throughout one of the microtubes.This reaction could be graded as a:

Accepted Answer

A) 4+. 
B) 3+. 
C) 2+. 
D) 1+. 
A) 4+. 
B) 3+. 
C) 2+. 
D) 1+.

Question 13

Polyethylene glycol is a reagent that can be added to the screen or panel in order to:

Accepted Answer

A) enhance detection of IgM antibodies. 
B) eliminate the reactivity of certain antigen. 
C) increase the avidity of IgG antibodies. 
D) eliminate the need for washing in the indirect antiglobulin test. 
A) enhance detection of IgM antibodies. 
B) eliminate the reactivity of certain antigen. 
C) increase the avidity of IgG antibodies. 
D) eliminate the need for washing in the indirect antiglobulin test.

Question 14

How would you interpret the results if both the anti-D reagent and the Rh control were 2+ agglutination reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) D-positive 
B) D-negative 
C) Unable to determine without further testing 
D) Depends on whether the sample was from a patient or a blood donor 
A) D-positive 
B) D-negative 
C) Unable to determine without further testing 
D) Depends on whether the sample was from a patient or a blood donor

Question 15

Product limitations and technical considerations for each reagent can be found in the:

Accepted Answer

A) standard operating procedure. 
B) product insert. 
C) Food and Drug Administration code of regulations. 
D) AABB standards. 
A) standard operating procedure. 
B) product insert. 
C) Food and Drug Administration code of regulations. 
D) AABB standards.

Question 16

Rouleaux is a false-positive reaction that would not likely be observed during which of the following tests?

Accepted Answer

A) Immediate spin antibody screen 
B) Weak D test 
C) Reverse typing in the ABO test 
D) ABO forward typing 
A) Immediate spin antibody screen 
B) Weak D test 
C) Reverse typing in the ABO test 
D) ABO forward typing

Question 17

The evidence for reagent red cell deterioration may include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Spontaneous agglutination 
B) Significant hemolysis 
C) Loss of agglutination strength over time 
D) All of the above 
A) Spontaneous agglutination 
B) Significant hemolysis 
C) Loss of agglutination strength over time 
D) All of the above

Question 18

What immunoglobulin class reacts best by antiglobulin testing?

Accepted Answer

A) IgM 
B) IgA 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
A) IgM 
B) IgA 
C) IgE 
D) IgG

Question 19

Why is incubation omitted in the direct antihuman globulin test?

Accepted Answer

A) The direct antiglobulin test can be used in an emergency to replace the indirect test. 
B) Incubation will cause hemolysis. 
C) The antigen-antibody complex has already formed in vivo. 
D) IgM antibodies are detected in the direct antiglobulin test. 
A) The direct antiglobulin test can be used in an emergency to replace the indirect test. 
B) Incubation will cause hemolysis. 
C) The antigen-antibody complex has already formed in vivo. 
D) IgM antibodies are detected in the direct antiglobulin test.

Question 20

Which of the following is not an advantage of using a monoclonal antibody over a polyclonal antibody?

Accepted Answer

A) There are very few variations between lots. 
B) There are no contaminating antibodies. 
C) Direct agglutination is usually faster. 
D) All variations of the antigen can be detected. 
A) There are very few variations between lots. 
B) There are no contaminating antibodies. 
C) Direct agglutination is usually faster. 
D) All variations of the antigen can be detected.

In the solid-phase red cell adherence test,a negative test would appear as:

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent used in the identification of ABO antibodies

Polyspecific antihuman globulin contains:

The antiglobulin test was performed using gel technology.A button of cells was observed at the bottom of the microtube following centrifugation.This result indicates a:

Which red cells are used to screen for antibodies in donor samples?

Select the antiglobulin test that best fits the descriptions below. selection may be used more than once. -Detects IgG or complement-coated red cells

Which of the following statements is true regarding IgG-sensitized red cells?

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent used to determine the ABO antigenic composition of a patient's red cells

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent derived from plants used to distinguish group A₁ from group A₂ red cells

Which of the following statements is true regarding high-protein anti-D reagents?

The gel technology method uses a concentration of red cells that is:

Following centrifugation of the gel card,red cells are observed to be evenly dispersed throughout one of the microtubes.This reaction could be graded as a:

Polyethylene glycol is a reagent that can be added to the screen or panel in order to:

How would you interpret the results if both the anti-D reagent and the Rh control were 2+ agglutination reactions?

Product limitations and technical considerations for each reagent can be found in the:

Rouleaux is a false-positive reaction that would not likely be observed during which of the following tests?

The evidence for reagent red cell deterioration may include which of the following?

What immunoglobulin class reacts best by antiglobulin testing?

Why is incubation omitted in the direct antihuman globulin test?

Which of the following is not an advantage of using a monoclonal antibody over a polyclonal antibody?

Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank

Genetic Principles in Blood Banking

Abo and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status

Rh Blood Group System

Other Blood Group Systems

Antibody Detection and Identification

Compatibility Testing

Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services

Adverse Complications of Transfusions

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Donor Selection and Phlebotomy

Testing of Donor Blood

Blood Component Preparation and Therapy

Transfusion Therapy in Selected Patients

Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank

Filters

Exam 2: Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications

In the solid-phase red cell adherence test,a negative test would appear as:

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent used in the identification of ABO antibodies

Polyspecific antihuman globulin contains:

The antiglobulin test was performed using gel technology.A button of cells was observed at the bottom of the microtube following centrifugation.This result indicates a:

Which red cells are used to screen for antibodies in donor samples?

Select the antiglobulin test that best fits the descriptions below. selection may be used more than once. -Detects IgG or complement-coated red cells

Which of the following statements is true regarding IgG-sensitized red cells?

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent used to determine the ABO antigenic composition of a patient's red cells

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent derived from plants used to distinguish group A1 from group A2 red cells

Which of the following statements is true regarding high-protein anti-D reagents?

The gel technology method uses a concentration of red cells that is:

Following centrifugation of the gel card,red cells are observed to be evenly dispersed throughout one of the microtubes.This reaction could be graded as a:

Polyethylene glycol is a reagent that can be added to the screen or panel in order to:

How would you interpret the results if both the anti-D reagent and the Rh control were 2+ agglutination reactions?

Product limitations and technical considerations for each reagent can be found in the:

Rouleaux is a false-positive reaction that would not likely be observed during which of the following tests?

The evidence for reagent red cell deterioration may include which of the following?

What immunoglobulin class reacts best by antiglobulin testing?

Why is incubation omitted in the direct antihuman globulin test?

Which of the following is not an advantage of using a monoclonal antibody over a polyclonal antibody?

Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank

Genetic Principles in Blood Banking

Abo and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status

Rh Blood Group System

Other Blood Group Systems

Antibody Detection and Identification

Compatibility Testing

Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services

Adverse Complications of Transfusions

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Donor Selection and Phlebotomy

Testing of Donor Blood

Blood Component Preparation and Therapy

Transfusion Therapy in Selected Patients

Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank

Filters

Select the reagent from the list below and match it to the routine blood banking procedure. -Reagent derived from plants used to distinguish group A₁ from group A₂ red cells