Question 1

Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonic stenosis 
B) Tricuspid atresia 
C) Atrial septal defect 
D) Transposition of the great arteries 
A) Pulmonic stenosis 
B) Tricuspid atresia 
C) Atrial septal defect 
D) Transposition of the great arteries

Question 2

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta,right ventricular hypertrophy 
B) Aortic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta,right ventricular hypertrophy 
C) Aortic stenosis,atrial septal defect,overriding aorta,left ventricular hypertrophy 
D) Pulmonic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,aortic hypertrophy,left ventricular hypertrophy 
A) Pulmonic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta,right ventricular hypertrophy 
B) Aortic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta,right ventricular hypertrophy 
C) Aortic stenosis,atrial septal defect,overriding aorta,left ventricular hypertrophy 
D) Pulmonic stenosis,ventricular septal defect,aortic hypertrophy,left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 3

A complication that may occur after a cardiac catheterization is:

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiac arrhythmia. 
B) Hypostatic pneumonia. 
C) Congestive heart failure. 
D) Rapidly increasing blood pressure. 
A) Cardiac arrhythmia. 
B) Hypostatic pneumonia. 
C) Congestive heart failure. 
D) Rapidly increasing blood pressure.

Question 4

When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents,the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thought to protect against cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Cholesterol 
B) Triglycerides 
C) Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D) High-density lipoproteins (HDLs). 
A) Cholesterol 
B) Triglycerides 
C) Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D) High-density lipoproteins (HDLs).

Question 5

A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established,what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?

Accepted Answer

A) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
B) Dopamine 
C) Epinephrine 
D) Calcium chloride 
A) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
B) Dopamine 
C) Epinephrine 
D) Calcium chloride

Question 6

A common sign of digoxin toxicity is:

Accepted Answer

A) Seizures. 
B) Vomiting. 
C) Bradypnea. 
D) Tachycardia. 
A) Seizures. 
B) Vomiting. 
C) Bradypnea. 
D) Tachycardia.

Question 7

Which drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A) Captopril (Capoten) 
B) Furosemide (Lasix) 
C) Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D) Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 
A) Captopril (Capoten) 
B) Furosemide (Lasix) 
C) Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D) Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. The most appropriate initial nursing action is to:

Accepted Answer

A) Notify the physician. 
B) Apply a new bandage with more pressure. 
C) Place in the Trendelenburg position. 
D) Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site. 
A) Notify the physician. 
B) Apply a new bandage with more pressure. 
C) Place in the Trendelenburg position. 
D) Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What should he or she do if evidence is found of cardiac tamponade?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase analgesia. 
B) Apply warming blankets. 
C) Immediately report this to the physician. 
D) Encourage the child to cough,turn,and breathe deeply. 
A) Increase analgesia. 
B) Apply warming blankets. 
C) Immediately report this to the physician. 
D) Encourage the child to cough,turn,and breathe deeply.

Question 10

A clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with congestive heart failure is:

Accepted Answer

A) Tachypnea. 
B) Tachycardia. 
C) Peripheral edema. 
D) Pale,cool extremities. 
A) Tachypnea. 
B) Tachycardia. 
C) Peripheral edema. 
D) Pale,cool extremities.

Question 11

Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery,a young child has a temperature of 37.7° C (101° F). The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A) Keep the child warm with blankets. 
B) Apply a hypothermia blanket. 
C) Record the temperature on nurses' notes. 
D) Report findings to physician. 
A) Keep the child warm with blankets. 
B) Apply a hypothermia blanket. 
C) Record the temperature on nurses' notes. 
D) Report findings to physician.

Question 12

A major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever is:

Accepted Answer

A) Polyarthritis. 
B) Osler nodes. 
C) Janeway spots. 
D) Splinter hemorrhages of distal third of nails. 
A) Polyarthritis. 
B) Osler nodes. 
C) Janeway spots. 
D) Splinter hemorrhages of distal third of nails.

Question 13

A chest x-ray film is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child's parent asks the nurse,"What will the radiograph show about the heart?" The nurse's response should be based on knowledge that the x-ray film will:

Accepted Answer

A) Show bones of the chest but not the heart. 
B) Measure electrical potential generated from heart muscle. 
C) Provide a permanent record of heart size and configuration. 
D) Provide a computerized image of heart vessels and tissues. 
A) Show bones of the chest but not the heart. 
B) Measure electrical potential generated from heart muscle. 
C) Provide a permanent record of heart size and configuration. 
D) Provide a computerized image of heart vessels and tissues.

Question 14

What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonary congestion 
B) Congenital heart defect 
C) Congestive heart failure 
D) Systemic venous congestion 
A) Pulmonary congestion 
B) Congenital heart defect 
C) Congestive heart failure 
D) Systemic venous congestion

Question 15

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock? Choose all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Thirst and diminished urinary output 
B) Irritability and apprehension 
C) Cool extremities and decreased skin turgor 
D) Confusion and somnolence 
E) Normal blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure
F) Tachypnea and poor capillary refill time 
A) Thirst and diminished urinary output 
B) Irritability and apprehension 
C) Cool extremities and decreased skin turgor 
D) Confusion and somnolence 
E) Normal blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure
F) Tachypnea and poor capillary refill time

Question 16

An important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child is to:

Accepted Answer

A) Explain that it is not painful. 
B) Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. 
C) Administer analgesics before procedure. 
D) Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal. 
A) Explain that it is not painful. 
B) Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. 
C) Administer analgesics before procedure. 
D) Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) exists. An important objective to decrease this risk is to:

Accepted Answer

A) Minimize seizures. 
B) Prevent dehydration. 
C) Promote cardiac output. 
D) Reduce energy expenditure. 
A) Minimize seizures. 
B) Prevent dehydration. 
C) Promote cardiac output. 
D) Reduce energy expenditure.

Question 18

The leading cause of death after heart transplantation is:

Accepted Answer

A) Infection. 
B) Rejection. 
C) Cardiomyopathy. 
D) Congestive heart failure. 
A) Infection. 
B) Rejection. 
C) Cardiomyopathy. 
D) Congestive heart failure.

Exam 48: Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

A complication that may occur after a cardiac catheterization is:

When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents,the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thought to protect against cardiovascular disease?

A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established,what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?

A common sign of digoxin toxicity is:

Which drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. The most appropriate initial nursing action is to:

The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What should he or she do if evidence is found of cardiac tamponade?

A clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with congestive heart failure is:

Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery,a young child has a temperature of 37.7° C (101° F). The nurse should:

A major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever is:

A chest x-ray film is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child's parent asks the nurse,"What will the radiograph show about the heart?" The nurse's response should be based on knowledge that the x-ray film will:

What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock? Choose all that apply.

An important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child is to:

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) exists. An important objective to decrease this risk is to:

The leading cause of death after heart transplantation is:

Contemporary Maternity Nursing

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Common Health Problems

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Nursing Care During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy at Risk: Preexisting Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Labor and Birth Processes

Management of Discomfort

Fetal Assessment During Labor

Nursing Care During Labor and Birth

Labor and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiologic Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

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Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

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Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

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