Exam 27: Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

A newborn was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit after being delivered at 29 weeks of gestation to a 28-year-old multiparous,married,Caucasian female whose pregnancy was uncomplicated until premature rupture of membranes and preterm birth. The newborn's parents arrive for their first visit after the birth. The parents walk toward the bedside but remain approximately 5 feet away from the bed. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa that can progress to perforation of the bowel. Approximately 2% to 5% of premature infants succumb to this fatal disease. Care is supportive;however,there are known interventions that may decrease the risk of NEC. To develop an optimal plan of care for this infant,the nurse must understand that which intervention has the greatest effect on lowering the risk of NEC?

Risk factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) include (choose all that apply):

Premature infants who exhibit 5 to 10 seconds of respiratory pauses followed by 10 to 15 seconds of compensatory rapid respiration are:

A macrosomic infant is born after a difficult forceps-assisted delivery. After stabilization the infant is weighed,and the birth weight is 4550 g (9 pounds,6 ounces). The nurse's most appropriate action is to:

On day 3 of life,a newborn continues to require 100% oxygen by nasal cannula. The parents ask if they can hold their infant during his next gavage feeding. Given that this newborn is physiologically stable,what response would the nurse give?

In appraising the growth and development potential of a preterm infant,nurses should:

When providing an infant with a gavage feeding,which of the following should be documented each time?

The corrected age of an infant who was born at 25 1/7 weeks and is preparing for discharge 124 days past delivery is ____________________.

For diagnostic and treatment purposes nurses should know the birth weight classifications of high risk infants. For example,extremely low birth weight (ELBW) is the designation for an infant whose weight is:

The nurse practicing in the perinatal setting should promote kangaroo care regardless of an infant's gestational age. This intervention:

In the continuing assessment of a preterm infant,the nurse notices continued respiratory distress even though oxygen and ventilation have been provided. The nurse should suspect:

As with all aspects of care,strict handwashing is the single most important measure to prevent nosocomial infections.

A pregnant woman was admitted for induction of labor at 43 weeks of gestation with sure dates. A nonstress test (NST) in the obstetrician's office revealed a nonreactive tracing. On artificial rupture of membranes,thick,meconium-stained fluid was noted. The nurse caring for the infant after birth should anticipate:

With regard to eventual discharge of the high risk newborn or transfer to a different facility,nurses and families should be aware that:

An infant at 36 weeks of gestation has increasing respirations (80 to 100 breaths/min with marked substernal retractions). The infant is given oxygen by continuous nasal positive airway pressure. Which arterial oxygen level would indicate hypoxia?

An infant is being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit after 70 days of hospitalization. The infant was born at 30 weeks of gestation with several conditions associated with prematurity,including respiratory distress syndrome,mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia,and retinopathy of prematurity requiring surgical treatment. During discharge teaching the infant's mother asks the nurse if her baby will meet developmental milestones on time,as did her son who was born at term. The nurse's most appropriate response is:

Infants of mothers with diabetes are at higher risk for developing:

With regard to small for gestational age (SGA) infants and intrauterine growth restrictions (IUGR),nurses should be aware that:

An infant is to receive gastrostomy feedings. What intervention should the nurse institute to prevent bloating,gastrointestinal reflux into the esophagus,vomiting,and respiratory compromise?