Question 1

For clinical purposes preterm and postterm infants are defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) Preterm before 34 weeks if appropriate for gestational age (AG
A) ;before 37 weeks if small for gestational age (SG
A) . 
B) Postterm after 40 weeks if large for gestational age (LG
A) ;beyond 42 weeks if AGA. 
C) Preterm before 37 weeks,postterm beyond 42 weeks,no matter the size for gestational age at birth. 
D) Preterm,SGA before 38 to 40 weeks;postterm,LGA beyond 40 to 42 weeks. 
A) Preterm before 34 weeks if appropriate for gestational age (AG
A) ;before 37 weeks if small for gestational age (SG
A) . 
B) Postterm after 40 weeks if large for gestational age (LG
A) ;beyond 42 weeks if AGA. 
C) Preterm before 37 weeks,postterm beyond 42 weeks,no matter the size for gestational age at birth. 
D) Preterm,SGA before 38 to 40 weeks;postterm,LGA beyond 40 to 42 weeks.

Question 2

A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome receives artificial surfactant. How would the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?

Accepted Answer

A) "Surfactant improves the ability of your baby's lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide." 
B) "The drug keeps your baby from requiring too much sedation." 
C) "Surfactant is used to reduce episodes of periodic apnea." 
D) "Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection." 
A) "Surfactant improves the ability of your baby's lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide." 
B) "The drug keeps your baby from requiring too much sedation." 
C) "Surfactant is used to reduce episodes of periodic apnea." 
D) "Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection."

Question 3

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa. The signs of NEC are nonspecific. Some generalized signs include:

Accepted Answer

A) Hypertonia,tachycardia,and metabolic alkalosis. 
B) Abdominal distention,temperature instability,and grossly bloody stools. 
C) Hypertension,absence of apnea,and ruddy skin color. 
D) Scaphoid abdomen,no residual with feedings,and increased urinary output. 
A) Hypertonia,tachycardia,and metabolic alkalosis. 
B) Abdominal distention,temperature instability,and grossly bloody stools. 
C) Hypertension,absence of apnea,and ruddy skin color. 
D) Scaphoid abdomen,no residual with feedings,and increased urinary output.

Question 4

An infant was born 2 hours ago at 37 weeks of gestation,weighing 4.1 kg. The infant appears chubby with a flushed complexion and is very tremulous. The tremors are most likely the result of:

Accepted Answer

A) Birth injury. 
B) Hypocalcemia. 
C) Hypoglycemia. 
D) Seizures. 
A) Birth injury. 
B) Hypocalcemia. 
C) Hypoglycemia. 
D) Seizures.

Question 5

An infant at 26 weeks of gestation arrives from the delivery room intubated. The nurse weighs the infant,places him under the radiant warmer,and attaches him to the ventilator at the prescribed settings. A pulse oximeter and cardiorespiratory monitor are placed. The pulse oximeter is recording oxygen saturations of 80%. The prescribed saturations are 92%. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to:

Accepted Answer

A) Listen to breath sounds and ensure the patency of the endotracheal tube,increase oxygen,and notify a physician. 
B) Continue to observe and make no changes until the saturations are 75%. 
C) Continue with the admission process to ensure that a thorough assessment is completed. 
D) Notify the parents that their infant is not doing well. 
A) Listen to breath sounds and ensure the patency of the endotracheal tube,increase oxygen,and notify a physician. 
B) Continue to observe and make no changes until the saturations are 75%. 
C) Continue with the admission process to ensure that a thorough assessment is completed. 
D) Notify the parents that their infant is not doing well.

Question 6

As a result of large body surface in relation to weight,the preterm infant is at high risk for heat loss and cold stress. By understanding the four mechanisms of heat transfer (convection,conduction,radiation,and evaporation),the nurse can create an environment for the infant that prevents temperature instability. While evaluating the plan that has been implemented,the nurse knows that the infant is experiencing cold stress when he or she exhibits:

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased respiratory rate. 
B) Bradycardia followed by an increased heart rate. 
C) Mottled skin with acrocyanosis. 
D) Increased physical activity. 
A) Decreased respiratory rate. 
B) Bradycardia followed by an increased heart rate. 
C) Mottled skin with acrocyanosis. 
D) Increased physical activity.

Exam 27: Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

For clinical purposes preterm and postterm infants are defined as:

A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome receives artificial surfactant. How would the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa. The signs of NEC are nonspecific. Some generalized signs include:

An infant was born 2 hours ago at 37 weeks of gestation,weighing 4.1 kg. The infant appears chubby with a flushed complexion and is very tremulous. The tremors are most likely the result of:

Contemporary Maternity Nursing

The Family and Culture

Community and Home Care

Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health Assessment

Common Health Problems

Infertility,Contraception,and Abortion

Genetics,Conception,and Fetal Development

Assessment for Risk Factors

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy at Risk: Preexisting Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Labor and Birth Processes

Management of Discomfort

Fetal Assessment During Labor

Nursing Care During Labor and Birth

Labor and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiologic Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiologic Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social,cultural and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, Disability and End of Life Care

Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

Family-Centered Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Hematologic and Immunologic Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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