Exam 10: Molecular Biology of the Gene

Viral DNA incorporated into host cell DNA is known as a(n)

Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false?

Which of the following statements about treatment or prevention of a prion infection is true?

The way that genetic material of a bacteriophage enters a bacterium is most like the way that

What nucleotide sequence would be found on the partner DNA strand of the strand shown?

Conjugation between a bacterium that lacks an F factor (F⁻)and a bacterium that has an F factor on its chromosome (F⁺)could produce which of the following results?

Which of the following takes place during translation?

One type of virus that infects bacteria is called a

Considering only the steps that take place during translation, which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur?

Which of the following occurs when RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter DNA?

Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5' to 3' direction?

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by the buildup of glucose in the blood, or hyperglycemia. Diabetes results either from the pancreas not being able to produce the hormone insulin (type 1 diabetes) or if the body's cells become resistant to insulin (type 2 diabetes). Insulin is a protein that binds to receptors on cell surfaces to allow glucose to enter the cell. In order to manage the disease, type 1 diabetics require frequent insulin injections. Until the 1970s, insulin was obtained from processing the pancreases of large mammals such as cows and pigs; it was then purified for medicinal use. This all changed in the 1970s with the advent of recombinant DNA technology, which allows scientists to insert genes from other species into bacterial plasmids and have bacteria produce proteins from these other species' genes. In 1978, the gene that codes for human insulin was added to a bacterial plasmid and bacteria were used to produce human insulin. These bacteria acted as mini-factories that produced human insulin for type 1 diabetes patients. Today, the production of human insulin from bacteria is commonplace and is a multibillion dollar market for pharmaceutical companies. -Suppose that the human insulin protein that was produced by the bacteria was much shorter than it should be. Upon further investigation, it was found that the DNA of the human insulin gene had a mutation while in the bacterial cells. What type of mutation could not result in these observations?

The shape of a DNA molecule is most like

Which of the following enzymes does HIV use to synthesize DNA on an RNA template?

A eukaryotic cell has a nuclear envelope that allows tRNA molecules, but not mRNA molecules, to leave the nucleus. Which of the following processes will not be able to take place in this cell?

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true?

Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells?

Below are three statements. Which of the following choices properly matches the statements with the correct biological processes? I. This occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. II) Transfer RNAs bind amino acids in the cytoplasm. III) A polymerase enzyme is required.

A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n)

We would expect that a 15-nucleotide sequence that includes a stop codon at the end (as part of the 15-nucleotide sequence)will direct the production of a polypeptide that consists of