Question 1

The label on the box of breakfast cereal lists one serving as containing "200 Calories" per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving?

Accepted Answer

A) 20 
B) 2,000 
C) 200,000 
D) 2,000,000 
A) 20 
B) 2,000 
C) 200,000 
D) 2,000,000

Question 2

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species.
  
-Why does the relationship between metabolic rate and temperature exist?

Accepted Answer

A) Cellular respiration requires organisms to take in heat energy. 
B) A by-product of cellular respiration is heat. 
C) Cellular respiration causes the body to cool because all the energy is used to make ATP. 
D) There is no relationship between metabolic rate and body temperature. 
A) Cellular respiration requires organisms to take in heat energy. 
B) A by-product of cellular respiration is heat. 
C) Cellular respiration causes the body to cool because all the energy is used to make ATP. 
D) There is no relationship between metabolic rate and body temperature.

Question 3

Which of the following organisms can make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A) bear 
B) mushroom 
C) wheat 
D) crayfish 
A) bear 
B) mushroom 
C) wheat 
D) crayfish

Question 4

During chemiosmosis,

Accepted Answer

A) energy is released as H⁺ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. 
B) ATP is synthesized when H⁺ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase. 
C) a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H⁺ ions are passively transported from the matrix of the mitochondrion to the mitochondrion's intermembrane space. 
D) H⁺ ions serve as the final electron acceptor. 
A) energy is released as H⁺ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. 
B) ATP is synthesized when H⁺ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase. 
C) a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H⁺ ions are passively transported from the matrix of the mitochondrion to the mitochondrion's intermembrane space. 
D) H⁺ ions serve as the final electron acceptor.

Question 5

The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like

Accepted Answer

A) a limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom. 
B) a frog that turns into a prince. 
C) a kid jumping up and down on a trampoline. 
D) throwing a baited hook into a lake and catching a fish. 
A) a limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom. 
B) a frog that turns into a prince. 
C) a kid jumping up and down on a trampoline. 
D) throwing a baited hook into a lake and catching a fish.

Question 6

How many molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8

Question 7

The Pasteur effect shows that yeast consume glucose at a higher rate under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. Which of the following statements correctly explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Yeast are obligate anaerobes, so aerobic conditions will kill yeasts. 
B) Yeast are photosynthetic, so they are able to produce their own oxygen. 
C) Less ATP is made under anaerobic conditions, so more glucose must be consumed to produce an equivalent amount of ATP. 
D) This observation is incorrect. Aerobic conditions mean that cells make more ATP and use more glucose. 
A) Yeast are obligate anaerobes, so aerobic conditions will kill yeasts. 
B) Yeast are photosynthetic, so they are able to produce their own oxygen. 
C) Less ATP is made under anaerobic conditions, so more glucose must be consumed to produce an equivalent amount of ATP. 
D) This observation is incorrect. Aerobic conditions mean that cells make more ATP and use more glucose.

Question 8

In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) dehydrogenase. 
C) oxygen. 
D) ATP. 
A) glucose. 
B) dehydrogenase. 
C) oxygen. 
D) ATP.

Question 9

During cellular respiration, NADH

Accepted Answer

A) is chemically converted into ATP. 
B) is reduced to form NAD⁺. 
C) delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule. 
D) is the final electron acceptor. 
A) is chemically converted into ATP. 
B) is reduced to form NAD⁺. 
C) delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule. 
D) is the final electron acceptor.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycolysis resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields 2 ATP molecules. 
B) The oxidation of pyruvate results in the production of 0 ATP molecules 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields 12 ATP molecules. 
D) The citric acid cycle resulting from 1 glucose molecules yields 2 ATP molecules. 
A) Glycolysis resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields 2 ATP molecules. 
B) The oxidation of pyruvate results in the production of 0 ATP molecules 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields 12 ATP molecules. 
D) The citric acid cycle resulting from 1 glucose molecules yields 2 ATP molecules.

Question 11

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B) energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide 
C) oxygen and glucose 
D) oxygen and energy to make ATP 
A) oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B) energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide 
C) oxygen and glucose 
D) oxygen and energy to make ATP

Question 12

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) the citric acid cycle 
C) oxidative phosphorylation 
D) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle 
A) glycolysis 
B) the citric acid cycle 
C) oxidative phosphorylation 
D) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

Question 13

The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

Accepted Answer

A) C₅H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 5 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy. 
B) 5 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₅H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ + energy. 
C) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy. 
D) C₆H₁₂O₆ + energy → 6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + 6 O₂. 
A) C₅H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 5 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy. 
B) 5 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₅H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ + energy. 
C) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy. 
D) C₆H₁₂O₆ + energy → 6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + 6 O₂.

Question 14

The antibiotic oligomycin works by inhibiting ATP synthase. You would expect that

Accepted Answer

A) there will be an increase in ATP production. 
B) H⁺ will accumulate in the intermembrane space. 
C) H⁺ will accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) NAD⁺ and FAD will pick up the extra H⁺. 
A) there will be an increase in ATP production. 
B) H⁺ will accumulate in the intermembrane space. 
C) H⁺ will accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) NAD⁺ and FAD will pick up the extra H⁺.

Question 15

The conversion of CO₂ and H₂O into organic compounds using energy from light is called

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) fermentation. 
D) cellular respiration. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) fermentation. 
D) cellular respiration.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Cellular respiration is a single chemical reaction with just one step. 
B) Cellular respiration produces water. 
C) Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide. 
D) Cellular respiration releases heat. 
A) Cellular respiration is a single chemical reaction with just one step. 
B) Cellular respiration produces water. 
C) Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide. 
D) Cellular respiration releases heat.

Question 17

When did the level of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere become high enough to sustain aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) 1)0 billion years ago 
B) 1)5 billion years ago 
C) 2)7 billion years ago 
D) 3)5 billion years ago 
A) 1)0 billion years ago 
B) 1)5 billion years ago 
C) 2)7 billion years ago 
D) 3)5 billion years ago

Question 18

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space,

Accepted Answer

A) NADH is reduced. 
B) water is oxidized. 
C) ATP synthase works by active transport. 
D) the pH of the intermembrane space decreases. 
A) NADH is reduced. 
B) water is oxidized. 
C) ATP synthase works by active transport. 
D) the pH of the intermembrane space decreases.

Question 19

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H⁺, which allows H⁺ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. This effect leads to weight loss.
-You predict that a side effect of Fat Away will be

Accepted Answer

A) increased production of NADH. 
B) increased production of pyruvate. 
C) increased production of lactate. 
D) increased body temperature. 
A) increased production of NADH. 
B) increased production of pyruvate. 
C) increased production of lactate. 
D) increased body temperature.

Question 20

NADH is also used by cells when making certain molecules. Based on your knowledge of NADH's role in cellular respiration, what do you think NADH's role is in biosynthesis of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidizing molecules 
B) reducing molecules 
C) phosphorylating molecules 
D) dehydrating molecules 
A) oxidizing molecules 
B) reducing molecules 
C) phosphorylating molecules 
D) dehydrating molecules

Exam 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

The label on the box of breakfast cereal lists one serving as containing "200 Calories" per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving?

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species. -Why does the relationship between metabolic rate and temperature exist?

Which of the following organisms can make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide?

During chemiosmosis,

The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like

How many molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis?

The Pasteur effect shows that yeast consume glucose at a higher rate under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. Which of the following statements correctly explains this observation?

In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is

During cellular respiration, NADH

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

The antibiotic oligomycin works by inhibiting ATP synthase. You would expect that

The conversion of CO₂ and H₂O into organic compounds using energy from light is called

Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false?

When did the level of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere become high enough to sustain aerobic respiration?

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space,

NADH is also used by cells when making certain molecules. Based on your knowledge of NADH's role in cellular respiration, what do you think NADH's role is in biosynthesis of molecules?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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