Question 1

Which organelle is involved in the catabolism of fatty acids and the detoxification of alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A) peroxisome 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) smooth ER 
D) ribosomes 
A) peroxisome 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) smooth ER 
D) ribosomes

Question 2

Microfilaments differ from microtubules in that microfilaments

Accepted Answer

A) are thicker than microtubules. 
B) are found only in plants, whereas microtubules are found in both plant and animal cells. 
C) are mainly composed of actin, whereas microtubules are composed of tubulin. 
D) help to anchor organelles, whereas microtubules primarily function to help cells change shape and move. 
A) are thicker than microtubules. 
B) are found only in plants, whereas microtubules are found in both plant and animal cells. 
C) are mainly composed of actin, whereas microtubules are composed of tubulin. 
D) help to anchor organelles, whereas microtubules primarily function to help cells change shape and move.

Question 3

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

A) stores calcium ions in muscle cells. 
B) is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells. 
C) produces proteins for cell membranes. 
D) helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
A) stores calcium ions in muscle cells. 
B) is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells. 
C) produces proteins for cell membranes. 
D) helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Question 4

Which of the following cells has the greatest surface-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

A) bacterium 
B) human red blood cell 
C) human muscle cell 
D) ostrich egg 
A) bacterium 
B) human red blood cell 
C) human muscle cell 
D) ostrich egg

Question 5

Which of the following structures is/are used by prokaryotes for attaching to surfaces?

Accepted Answer

A) flagella 
B) nucleoid 
C) anchoring junctions 
D) capsule 
A) flagella 
B) nucleoid 
C) anchoring junctions 
D) capsule

Question 6

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
The skin is the body's largest organ. It's made up of many different types of cells. Oils, produced by the sebaceous glands, prevent the skin from drying and splitting. The protein melanin, produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sweat, released through ducts to the skin surface, helps to cool the body. The types of cells that produce these compounds have different numbers of specific organelles, depending on their function.
-Based on their function, you would expect melanocytes in the skin to have a higher than usual number of

Accepted Answer

A) lysosomes. 
B) chloroplasts. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) microtubules. 
A) lysosomes. 
B) chloroplasts. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) microtubules.

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding the Golgi apparatus is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The Golgi apparatus works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) The Golgi apparatus serves as a molecular warehouse and finishing factory. 
C) The Golgi apparatus decreases in size when a cell increases its protein production. 
D) The Golgi apparatus modifies chemicals received from the endoplasmic reticulum. 
A) The Golgi apparatus works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) The Golgi apparatus serves as a molecular warehouse and finishing factory. 
C) The Golgi apparatus decreases in size when a cell increases its protein production. 
D) The Golgi apparatus modifies chemicals received from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 8

The complex of proteins and DNA in a nondividing cell is called

Accepted Answer

A) chromatin. 
B) a nucleolus. 
C) a ribosome. 
D) a lysosome. 
A) chromatin. 
B) a nucleolus. 
C) a ribosome. 
D) a lysosome.

Question 9

As cell size increases, the

Accepted Answer

A) volume and surface area decrease. 
B) volume increases proportionally more than the surface area. 
C) surface area increases proportionally more than the volume. 
D) ratio of surface area to volume stays the same. 
A) volume and surface area decrease. 
B) volume increases proportionally more than the surface area. 
C) surface area increases proportionally more than the volume. 
D) ratio of surface area to volume stays the same.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the functions of a plant cell central vacuole is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The central vacuole of a plant cell may help increase the size of cells by absorbing water. 
B) The central vacuole of a plant cell may store waste products. 
C) The central vacuole of a plant cell may digest chemicals for recycling. 
D) The central vacuole of a plant cell may store poisons. 
A) The central vacuole of a plant cell may help increase the size of cells by absorbing water. 
B) The central vacuole of a plant cell may store waste products. 
C) The central vacuole of a plant cell may digest chemicals for recycling. 
D) The central vacuole of a plant cell may store poisons.

Question 11

A drug that interferes with microtubule formation is likely to completely disrupt

Accepted Answer

A) the amoeboid motion of a cell. 
B) the function of lysosomes. 
C) contraction of muscle cells. 
D) the movements of sperm cells. 
A) the amoeboid motion of a cell. 
B) the function of lysosomes. 
C) contraction of muscle cells. 
D) the movements of sperm cells.

Question 12

You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You conclude correctly that the cells

Accepted Answer

A) are plant cells. 
B) are animal cells. 
C) are bacterial cells. 
D) could be either plant or bacterial cells. 
A) are plant cells. 
B) are animal cells. 
C) are bacterial cells. 
D) could be either plant or bacterial cells.

Question 13

Which of the following would be most affected by a mutation that prevented cells from forming tight junctions?

Accepted Answer

A) attachment of cells to the surrounding matrix 
B) direct flow of water and small molecules from one cell to another 
C) integrity of the inner lining of the digestive tract 
D) attachment of the cytoskeleton to the inside of the plasma membrane 
A) attachment of cells to the surrounding matrix 
B) direct flow of water and small molecules from one cell to another 
C) integrity of the inner lining of the digestive tract 
D) attachment of the cytoskeleton to the inside of the plasma membrane

Question 14

The nucleoid region of a prokaryotic cell

Accepted Answer

A) contains the cell's DNA. 
B) separates the RNA from the cytoplasm. 
C) is surrounded by a nucleoid membrane. 
D) contains the cell's nucleoli. 
A) contains the cell's DNA. 
B) separates the RNA from the cytoplasm. 
C) is surrounded by a nucleoid membrane. 
D) contains the cell's nucleoli.

Question 15

A scientist wants to magnify a pollen grain 8,000 times and examine the ridges and pores on its surface. Which of the following instruments would be best?

Accepted Answer

A) a transmission electron microscope 
B) a scanning electron microscope 
C) a fluorescence confocal microscope 
D) an inverted light microscope 
A) a transmission electron microscope 
B) a scanning electron microscope 
C) a fluorescence confocal microscope 
D) an inverted light microscope

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding plasmodesmata is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasmodesmata penetrate plant cell walls. 
B) Plasmodesmata carry chemical messages between plant cells. 
C) Plasmodesmata carry nutrients between plant cells. 
D) Plasmodesmata are found in plants as well as some single-celled organisms. 
A) Plasmodesmata penetrate plant cell walls. 
B) Plasmodesmata carry chemical messages between plant cells. 
C) Plasmodesmata carry nutrients between plant cells. 
D) Plasmodesmata are found in plants as well as some single-celled organisms.

Question 17

Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. G₁ is a stage just after the cell has divided, and G₂ is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles.
-The technique used to produce the data displayed might be useful for a cancer biologist who wishes to

Accepted Answer

A) determine whether a drug can prevent cell division. 
B) determine the effect of a drug on microtubule assembly. 
C) determine the effect of drugs on protein synthesis at various times in the cell cycle. 
D) determine the effect of a drug on mitochondrial function. 
A) determine whether a drug can prevent cell division. 
B) determine the effect of a drug on microtubule assembly. 
C) determine the effect of drugs on protein synthesis at various times in the cell cycle. 
D) determine the effect of a drug on mitochondrial function.

Question 18

During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into structures called

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes. 
B) lysosomes. 
C) chromosomes. 
D) nucleoli. 
A) ribosomes. 
B) lysosomes. 
C) chromosomes. 
D) nucleoli.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about cells is true?

Accepted Answer

A) All cells have cell walls. 
B) All cells have internal structures that move. 
C) All cells are attached to other cells. 
D) All cells are motile. 
A) All cells have cell walls. 
B) All cells have internal structures that move. 
C) All cells are attached to other cells. 
D) All cells are motile.

Question 20

Cilia differ from flagella in that

Accepted Answer

A) cilia contain nine microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of microtubules, whereas flagella contain only nine microtubule doublets. 
B) the protein filaments of cilia are "naked," whereas those of flagella are wrapped in an extension of the cell membrane. 
C) cilia are typically more numerous and shorter than flagella. 
D) cilia are anchored only in the proteins of the cell membrane, whereas flagella are anchored in a special structure called the basal body. 
A) cilia contain nine microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of microtubules, whereas flagella contain only nine microtubule doublets. 
B) the protein filaments of cilia are "naked," whereas those of flagella are wrapped in an extension of the cell membrane. 
C) cilia are typically more numerous and shorter than flagella. 
D) cilia are anchored only in the proteins of the cell membrane, whereas flagella are anchored in a special structure called the basal body.

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

Which organelle is involved in the catabolism of fatty acids and the detoxification of alcohol?

Microfilaments differ from microtubules in that microfilaments

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following cells has the greatest surface-to-volume ratio?

Which of the following structures is/are used by prokaryotes for attaching to surfaces?

Which of the following statements regarding the Golgi apparatus is false?

The complex of proteins and DNA in a nondividing cell is called

As cell size increases, the

Which of the following statements about the functions of a plant cell central vacuole is false?

A drug that interferes with microtubule formation is likely to completely disrupt

You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You conclude correctly that the cells

Which of the following would be most affected by a mutation that prevented cells from forming tight junctions?

The nucleoid region of a prokaryotic cell

A scientist wants to magnify a pollen grain 8,000 times and examine the ridges and pores on its surface. Which of the following instruments would be best?

Which of the following statements regarding plasmodesmata is false?

During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into structures called

Which of the following statements about cells is true?

Cilia differ from flagella in that

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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