Question 1

Which part of the mitochondrion shown enhances its ability to produce ATP by increasing the surface area of a mitochondrial membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) structure A 
B) structure B 
C) structure C 
D) structure D 
A) structure A 
B) structure B 
C) structure C 
D) structure D

Question 2

The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the production of

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria and proteins secreted by the cell. 
B) hydrogen peroxide and steroid hormones secreted by the cell. 
C) ribosomes and steroid hormones. 
D) membrane and proteins secreted by the cell. 
A) mitochondria and proteins secreted by the cell. 
B) hydrogen peroxide and steroid hormones secreted by the cell. 
C) ribosomes and steroid hormones. 
D) membrane and proteins secreted by the cell.

Question 3

Light microscopes

Accepted Answer

A) typically provide more resolution than an electron microscope. 
B) work by reflecting electrons off the surface of an object being studied. 
C) use light and glass lenses to magnify an image. 
D) are generally not used to view bacteria. 
A) typically provide more resolution than an electron microscope. 
B) work by reflecting electrons off the surface of an object being studied. 
C) use light and glass lenses to magnify an image. 
D) are generally not used to view bacteria.

Question 4

Dynein feet

Accepted Answer

A) are present in cilia but not in flagella. 
B) are knobs of carbohydrate that are essential to the movement of cilia and flagella. 
C) are found on microtubules in cilia and flagella and cause movement by grabbing and pulling at adjacent microtubule doublets. 
D) are the anchoring proteins in basal bodies. 
A) are present in cilia but not in flagella. 
B) are knobs of carbohydrate that are essential to the movement of cilia and flagella. 
C) are found on microtubules in cilia and flagella and cause movement by grabbing and pulling at adjacent microtubule doublets. 
D) are the anchoring proteins in basal bodies.

Question 5

Intermediate filaments

Accepted Answer

A) guide the movements of chromosomes. 
B) surround the nucleus. 
C) guide the movements of organelles. 
D) support the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
A) guide the movements of chromosomes. 
B) surround the nucleus. 
C) guide the movements of organelles. 
D) support the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Lysosomes help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. 
B) Lysosomes synthesize proteins from the recycled amino acids. 
C) Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes. 
D) Lysosomes destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells. 
A) Lysosomes help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. 
B) Lysosomes synthesize proteins from the recycled amino acids. 
C) Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes. 
D) Lysosomes destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells.

Question 7

The endosymbiosis hypothesis is supported by all of the following pieces of evidence except the fact that

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria have circular DNA like prokaryotes. 
B) mitochondria lack ribosomes like prokaryotes. 
C) chloroplasts have ribosomes like prokaryotes. 
D) chloroplasts reproduce through a splitting process like certain prokaryotes. 
A) mitochondria have circular DNA like prokaryotes. 
B) mitochondria lack ribosomes like prokaryotes. 
C) chloroplasts have ribosomes like prokaryotes. 
D) chloroplasts reproduce through a splitting process like certain prokaryotes.

Question 8

Protein synthesis requires the use of mRNA, which

Accepted Answer

A) is made in the nucleolus. 
B) must be made by the ribosomes. 
C) is translated by the ribosomes into the amino acid sequences of proteins. 
D) carries the message to the nucleus to synthesize new DNA during cell division. 
A) is made in the nucleolus. 
B) must be made by the ribosomes. 
C) is translated by the ribosomes into the amino acid sequences of proteins. 
D) carries the message to the nucleus to synthesize new DNA during cell division.

Question 9

Mitochondria differ from chloroplasts in that mitochondria

Accepted Answer

A) convert light energy from the sun to chemical energy, whereas chloroplasts convert one form of chemical energy to another. 
B) contain three different membrane-bound compartments, whereas chloroplasts contain two. 
C) contain membrane folds called cristae, whereas chloroplasts contain disk-like vesicles in stacks called grana. 
D) are not found in plants, whereas chloroplasts are not found in animals. 
A) convert light energy from the sun to chemical energy, whereas chloroplasts convert one form of chemical energy to another. 
B) contain three different membrane-bound compartments, whereas chloroplasts contain two. 
C) contain membrane folds called cristae, whereas chloroplasts contain disk-like vesicles in stacks called grana. 
D) are not found in plants, whereas chloroplasts are not found in animals.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about cellular metabolism is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Cellular metabolism includes different processes that require different conditions. 
B) Cellular metabolism can occur within organelles. 
C) Cellular metabolism occurs in animal but not plant cells. 
D) Cellular metabolism often occurs on the surfaces of internal membranes. 
A) Cellular metabolism includes different processes that require different conditions. 
B) Cellular metabolism can occur within organelles. 
C) Cellular metabolism occurs in animal but not plant cells. 
D) Cellular metabolism often occurs on the surfaces of internal membranes.

Question 11

The stroma is the

Accepted Answer

A) thick fluid enclosed by the inner chloroplast membrane. 
B) watery fluid enclosed by the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 
C) space between the inner and outer membranes of a chloroplast. 
D) space between the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion. 
A) thick fluid enclosed by the inner chloroplast membrane. 
B) watery fluid enclosed by the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 
C) space between the inner and outer membranes of a chloroplast. 
D) space between the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion.

Question 12

The function of the nucleolus is

Accepted Answer

A) to manufacture polypeptides. 
B) to manufacture ribosomal RNA. 
C) intracellular digestion. 
D) to store chromatin. 
A) to manufacture polypeptides. 
B) to manufacture ribosomal RNA. 
C) intracellular digestion. 
D) to store chromatin.

Question 13

The membranous compartmentalization of a cell

Accepted Answer

A) divides the cell into two equal-sized halves. 
B) allows different chemical conditions to be maintained in different parts of the cell. 
C) requires the presence of a cell wall. 
D) is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 
A) divides the cell into two equal-sized halves. 
B) allows different chemical conditions to be maintained in different parts of the cell. 
C) requires the presence of a cell wall. 
D) is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question 14

A bacterial cell's DNA is found in its

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes. 
B) nucleus. 
C) nucleoid region. 
D) capsule. 
A) ribosomes. 
B) nucleus. 
C) nucleoid region. 
D) capsule.

Question 15

Most animal cells are

Accepted Answer

A) surrounded by a cell wall. 
B) attached to each other via plasmodesmata. 
C) embedded in an extracellular matrix. 
D) embedded in a lipid matrix. 
A) surrounded by a cell wall. 
B) attached to each other via plasmodesmata. 
C) embedded in an extracellular matrix. 
D) embedded in a lipid matrix.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about internal membranes in eukaryotic cells is false?

Accepted Answer

A) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes greatly increase a cell's total membrane area. 
B) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes provide an additional area for many metabolic processes to occur. 
C) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes form membranous compartments called organelles. 
D) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes standardize the internal environment of all cellular organelles. 
A) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes greatly increase a cell's total membrane area. 
B) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes provide an additional area for many metabolic processes to occur. 
C) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes form membranous compartments called organelles. 
D) In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes standardize the internal environment of all cellular organelles.

Question 17

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Studies of the endomembrane system often involve the use of a protein that can emit a green fluorescence (glow). A researcher wants to make a video of cell behavior, so she initially tags the outer nuclear envelope of a cell with the fluorescent tag and records for several hours. Later, she sees that the tag is part of a secretory vesicle.
-The ability to stain protein molecules with a fluorescent dye would most clearly allow researchers to go beyond what they could previously detect with a microscope by allowing them to

Accepted Answer

A) detect ribosome activity. 
B) detect when DNA is replicating. 
C) distinguish a prokaryote from a eukaryote. 
D) determine whether a cell had cilia or flagella. 
A) detect ribosome activity. 
B) detect when DNA is replicating. 
C) distinguish a prokaryote from a eukaryote. 
D) determine whether a cell had cilia or flagella.

Question 18

Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. G₁ is a stage just after the cell has divided, and G₂ is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles.
-The graph shows that

Accepted Answer

A) at any given time there are more cells in G₂ than G₁. 
B) protein used in G₁ is recycled to produce protein in S. 
C) not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein. 
D) protein levels in cells remain constant throughout the cell cycle. 
A) at any given time there are more cells in G₂ than G₁. 
B) protein used in G₁ is recycled to produce protein in S. 
C) not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein. 
D) protein levels in cells remain constant throughout the cell cycle.

Question 19

Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. G₁ is a stage just after the cell has divided, and G₂ is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles.
-Which of the following can be concluded from the graph?

Accepted Answer

A) There are three times as many cells in G₂ as there are in G₁. 
B) Cells in S have 30% more protein than cells in G₁. 
C) Cells in G₂ have three times as much protein as cells in G₁. 
D) The same proteins are present at each stage but are present in different amounts. 
A) There are three times as many cells in G₂ as there are in G₁. 
B) Cells in S have 30% more protein than cells in G₁. 
C) Cells in G₂ have three times as much protein as cells in G₁. 
D) The same proteins are present at each stage but are present in different amounts.

Question 20

A woman is having trouble becoming pregnant. Examination of her partner's sperm indicates that dynein feet are missing from the flagella in his sperm cells. A physician explains that this could interfere with fertility by

Accepted Answer

A) preventing the sperm from attaching to the egg cell. 
B) preventing the sperm from swimming to the egg cell. 
C) preventing the sperm from producing enough energy to power swimming. 
D) interfering with the attachment of the flagella to the sperm. 
A) preventing the sperm from attaching to the egg cell. 
B) preventing the sperm from swimming to the egg cell. 
C) preventing the sperm from producing enough energy to power swimming. 
D) interfering with the attachment of the flagella to the sperm.

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

Which part of the mitochondrion shown enhances its ability to produce ATP by increasing the surface area of a mitochondrial membrane?

The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the production of

Light microscopes

Dynein feet

Intermediate filaments

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is false?

The endosymbiosis hypothesis is supported by all of the following pieces of evidence except the fact that

Protein synthesis requires the use of mRNA, which

Mitochondria differ from chloroplasts in that mitochondria

Which of the following statements about cellular metabolism is false?

The stroma is the

The function of the nucleolus is

The membranous compartmentalization of a cell

A bacterial cell's DNA is found in its

Most animal cells are

Which of the following statements about internal membranes in eukaryotic cells is false?

A woman is having trouble becoming pregnant. Examination of her partner's sperm indicates that dynein feet are missing from the flagella in his sperm cells. A physician explains that this could interfere with fertility by

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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