Question 1

Which of the following is a carboxyl group?

Accepted Answer

A) -C-O 
B) -OH 
C) -NH₂ 
D) -COOH 
A) -C-O 
B) -OH 
C) -NH₂ 
D) -COOH

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the monomers and polymers found in living organisms is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells typically make all of their macromolecules from a set of 40-50 common monomers and a few other ingredients that are rare. 
B) The monomers used to make polymers are essentially universal. 
C) Monomers serve as building blocks for polymers. 
D) Monomers are joined together by the process of hydrolysis. 
A) Cells typically make all of their macromolecules from a set of 40-50 common monomers and a few other ingredients that are rare. 
B) The monomers used to make polymers are essentially universal. 
C) Monomers serve as building blocks for polymers. 
D) Monomers are joined together by the process of hydrolysis.

Question 3

How are these two amino acids attached together?

Accepted Answer

A) amino group to amino group 
B) amino group to carboxylic acid group 
C) carboxylic acid group to carboxylic acid group 
D) through a hydrolysis reaction 
A) amino group to amino group 
B) amino group to carboxylic acid group 
C) carboxylic acid group to carboxylic acid group 
D) through a hydrolysis reaction

Question 4

Below is a nutrition facts label for one cup of whole cow's milk. Which of the following is most abundant by weight in one cup of whole milk? (1000 mg = 1 g)

Accepted Answer

A) the total amount of lipids 
B) polysaccharides 
C) monosaccharides 
D) protein 
A) the total amount of lipids 
B) polysaccharides 
C) monosaccharides 
D) protein

Question 5

A hydroxyl group is

Accepted Answer

A) also called a carbonyl group. 
B) characteristic of proteins. 
C) characteristic of alcohols. 
D) composed of two oxygen atoms. 
A) also called a carbonyl group. 
B) characteristic of proteins. 
C) characteristic of alcohols. 
D) composed of two oxygen atoms.

Question 6

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein.
-The pH of the stomach is extremely acidic (~ pH 2). If you ate a Yummie cake, what do you think would happen to the protein that you ingested as it passes through the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) The protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment. 
B) The protein would form longer proteins via dehydration reactions. 
C) The protein would speed up digestion because it is an enzyme. 
D) The protein would get broken down via dehydration reactions. 
A) The protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment. 
B) The protein would form longer proteins via dehydration reactions. 
C) The protein would speed up digestion because it is an enzyme. 
D) The protein would get broken down via dehydration reactions.

Question 7

Below is a molecule of caffeine. Which of the following features are not present in a molecule of caffeine?

Accepted Answer

A) a carbonyl group 
B) a carboxyl group 
C) a methyl group 
D) one or more double bonds 
A) a carbonyl group 
B) a carboxyl group 
C) a methyl group 
D) one or more double bonds

Question 8

A phospholipid is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) one fatty acid molecule linked to three glycerol molecules. 
B) one glycerol molecule linked to three phosphate groups. 
C) one fatty acid molecule linked to one glycerol molecule and two phosphate groups. 
D) one glycerol molecule linked to one phosphate group and two fatty acids. 
A) one fatty acid molecule linked to three glycerol molecules. 
B) one glycerol molecule linked to three phosphate groups. 
C) one fatty acid molecule linked to one glycerol molecule and two phosphate groups. 
D) one glycerol molecule linked to one phosphate group and two fatty acids.

Question 9

Lactose intolerance is the inability to

Accepted Answer

A) produce milk proteins. 
B) produce lactose. 
C) digest cellulose. 
D) digest lactose. 
A) produce milk proteins. 
B) produce lactose. 
C) digest cellulose. 
D) digest lactose.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is false?

Accepted Answer

A) They cause a general buildup of muscle mass. 
B) They often cause the body to reduce its normal output of sex hormones. 
C) They promote bone growth. 
D) They can stimulate mood swings and violent behavior. 
A) They cause a general buildup of muscle mass. 
B) They often cause the body to reduce its normal output of sex hormones. 
C) They promote bone growth. 
D) They can stimulate mood swings and violent behavior.

Question 11

Many names for sugars end in the suffix

Accepted Answer

A) -acid. 
B) -ose. 
C) -hyde. 
D) -ase. 
A) -acid. 
B) -ose. 
C) -hyde. 
D) -ase.

Question 12

Which of the following would be correctly classified as a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) starch 
C) an enzyme 
D) cellulose 
A) cholesterol 
B) starch 
C) an enzyme 
D) cellulose

Question 13

You have a cup of vegetable oil and a vial full of normal phospholipids. What would you predict would happen if you dropped the phospholipids into the cup of vegetable oil?

Accepted Answer

A) The phospholipids would form a sphere with the heads on the inside. 
B) The phospholipids would form a sphere with the tails on the inside. 
C) The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the tails in the air. 
D) The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the heads in the air. 
A) The phospholipids would form a sphere with the heads on the inside. 
B) The phospholipids would form a sphere with the tails on the inside. 
C) The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the tails in the air. 
D) The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the heads in the air.

Question 14

Fatty acids with double bonds between some of their carbons are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) unsaturated. 
B) saturated. 
C) completely hydrogenated. 
D) monoglycerides. 
A) unsaturated. 
B) saturated. 
C) completely hydrogenated. 
D) monoglycerides.

Question 15

A disaccharide forms when

Accepted Answer

A) two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis. 
B) two starches join by dehydration synthesis. 
C) two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis. 
D) two starches join by hydrolysis. 
A) two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis. 
B) two starches join by dehydration synthesis. 
C) two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis. 
D) two starches join by hydrolysis.

Question 16

Proteins cannot be denatured by

Accepted Answer

A) heat. 
B) changes in pH. 
C) changes in salt concentration. 
D) freezing. 
A) heat. 
B) changes in pH. 
C) changes in salt concentration. 
D) freezing.

Question 17

Why did the lactose tolerance mutation in the East African herders spread so rapidly within the population?

Accepted Answer

A) Milk provided calcium for strong bones. 
B) It was a selective advantage for survival during droughts and cold winters. 
C) Lactose was a better source of energy than glucose. 
D) Milk was a good source of protein during the summer harvests. 
A) Milk provided calcium for strong bones. 
B) It was a selective advantage for survival during droughts and cold winters. 
C) Lactose was a better source of energy than glucose. 
D) Milk was a good source of protein during the summer harvests.

Question 18

Which of the following functional groups is capable of regulating gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) -OH 
B) -COOH 
C) -CO 
D) -CH₃ 
A) -OH 
B) -COOH 
C) -CO 
D) -CH₃

Question 19

Which of the following characteristics of protein will remain intact if the protein is denatured?

Accepted Answer

A) the shape of the protein 
B) the function of the protein 
C) the number of amino acids in the protein 
D) the binding properties of the protein 
A) the shape of the protein 
B) the function of the protein 
C) the number of amino acids in the protein 
D) the binding properties of the protein

Question 20

Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because

Accepted Answer

A) they produce the enzymes that break down cellulose. 
B) they chew their food so thoroughly that cellulose fibers are broken down. 
C) their intestinal tract contains cellulose-hydrolyzing microorganisms. 
D) they convert cellulose into starch, which is easily broken down in the intestinal tract. 
A) they produce the enzymes that break down cellulose. 
B) they chew their food so thoroughly that cellulose fibers are broken down. 
C) their intestinal tract contains cellulose-hydrolyzing microorganisms. 
D) they convert cellulose into starch, which is easily broken down in the intestinal tract.

Exam 3: The Molecules of Cells

Which of the following is a carboxyl group?

Which of the following statements about the monomers and polymers found in living organisms is false?

How are these two amino acids attached together?

Below is a nutrition facts label for one cup of whole cow's milk. Which of the following is most abundant by weight in one cup of whole milk? (1000 mg = 1 g)

A hydroxyl group is

Below is a molecule of caffeine. Which of the following features are not present in a molecule of caffeine?

A phospholipid is composed of

Lactose intolerance is the inability to

Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is false?

Many names for sugars end in the suffix

Which of the following would be correctly classified as a protein?

You have a cup of vegetable oil and a vial full of normal phospholipids. What would you predict would happen if you dropped the phospholipids into the cup of vegetable oil?

Fatty acids with double bonds between some of their carbons are said to be

A disaccharide forms when

Proteins cannot be denatured by

Why did the lactose tolerance mutation in the East African herders spread so rapidly within the population?

Which of the following functional groups is capable of regulating gene expression?

Which of the following characteristics of protein will remain intact if the protein is denatured?

Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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