Question 1

The development of atherosclerotic disease can result from a diet high in

Accepted Answer

A) fiber. 
B) protein. 
C) saturated fats. 
D) sugars. 
A) fiber. 
B) protein. 
C) saturated fats. 
D) sugars.

Question 2

Which of the following lists contains only polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose, starch, and cellulose 
B) starch, amino acids, and glycogen 
C) cellulose, starch, and glycogen 
D) fructose, cellulose, and glucose 
A) sucrose, starch, and cellulose 
B) starch, amino acids, and glycogen 
C) cellulose, starch, and glycogen 
D) fructose, cellulose, and glucose

Question 3

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds. 
B) Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
C) Hydrocarbons consist of atoms linked by single or double bonds. 
D) Hydrocarbons can form straight, branched, or ringed structures. 
A) Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds. 
B) Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
C) Hydrocarbons consist of atoms linked by single or double bonds. 
D) Hydrocarbons can form straight, branched, or ringed structures.

Question 4

Glucose molecules are to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) oils 
B) amino acids 
C) fatty acids 
D) monosaccharides 
A) oils 
B) amino acids 
C) fatty acids 
D) monosaccharides

Question 5

If you ate a 100% plant-based (vegan)diet, what molecule would you never eat?

Accepted Answer

A) starch 
B) cellulose 
C) cholesterol 
D) phospholipids 
A) starch 
B) cellulose 
C) cholesterol 
D) phospholipids

Question 6

A major type of lipid found in cell membranes is

Accepted Answer

A) triglycerides. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) glycerol. 
D) waxes. 
A) triglycerides. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) glycerol. 
D) waxes.

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding triglyceride molecules is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. 
B) Triglycerides play a role in energy storage. 
C) Triglycerides are a type of fat. 
D) Triglycerides are hydrophilic. 
A) Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. 
B) Triglycerides play a role in energy storage. 
C) Triglycerides are a type of fat. 
D) Triglycerides are hydrophilic.

Question 8

Amino acids can be distinguished from one another by

Accepted Answer

A) the number of R groups found on the amino acid molecules. 
B) the chemical properties of their R groups. 
C) the type of bond between the R group and the rest of the amino acid molecule. 
D) the chemical properties of their amino and carboxyl groups. 
A) the number of R groups found on the amino acid molecules. 
B) the chemical properties of their R groups. 
C) the type of bond between the R group and the rest of the amino acid molecule. 
D) the chemical properties of their amino and carboxyl groups.

Question 9

Proteins differ from one another because

Accepted Answer

A) the peptide bonds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein. 
B) the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein. 
C) each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules. 
D) the number of nucleotides found in each protein varies from molecule to molecule. 
A) the peptide bonds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein. 
B) the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein. 
C) each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules. 
D) the number of nucleotides found in each protein varies from molecule to molecule.

Question 10

Propanol and isopropanol are isomers. This means that they have

Accepted Answer

A) the same molecular formula but different chemical properties. 
B) different molecular formulas but the same chemical properties. 
C) the same molecular formula and the same chemical properties. 
D) the same molecular formula but represent different states of the compound. 
A) the same molecular formula but different chemical properties. 
B) different molecular formulas but the same chemical properties. 
C) the same molecular formula and the same chemical properties. 
D) the same molecular formula but represent different states of the compound.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis is false?

Accepted Answer

A) One monomer loses a hydrogen atom, and the other loses a hydroxyl group. 
B) H₂O is formed as the monomers are joined. 
C) Covalent bonds are formed between the monomers. 
D) Animal digestive systems utilize this process to break down food. 
A) One monomer loses a hydrogen atom, and the other loses a hydroxyl group. 
B) H₂O is formed as the monomers are joined. 
C) Covalent bonds are formed between the monomers. 
D) Animal digestive systems utilize this process to break down food.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding carbon is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon has a tendency to form covalent bonds. 
B) Carbon has the ability to bond with up to six other atoms. 
C) Carbon has the capacity to form single and double bonds. 
D) Carbon has the ability to bond together to form extensive branched or unbranched "carbon skeletons." 
A) Carbon has a tendency to form covalent bonds. 
B) Carbon has the ability to bond with up to six other atoms. 
C) Carbon has the capacity to form single and double bonds. 
D) Carbon has the ability to bond together to form extensive branched or unbranched "carbon skeletons."

Question 13

Which type of fat was found to contribute the most relative risk of developing heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A) saturated fat 
B) monounsaturated fat 
C) polyunsaturated fat 
D) trans fat 
A) saturated fat 
B) monounsaturated fat 
C) polyunsaturated fat 
D) trans fat

Question 14

What feature of fats makes them hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A) Fats have carboxyl groups. 
B) Fats include one glycerol molecule. 
C) Fats have polar fatty acids. 
D) Fats have nonpolar hydrocarbon chains. 
A) Fats have carboxyl groups. 
B) Fats include one glycerol molecule. 
C) Fats have polar fatty acids. 
D) Fats have nonpolar hydrocarbon chains.

Question 15

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein.
-After eating a Yummie cake, what molecule do you expect to be most abundant in your digestive system?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) monosaccharides 
C) cellulose 
D) triglycerides 
A) amino acids 
B) monosaccharides 
C) cellulose 
D) triglycerides

Question 16

DNA differs from RNA because DNA

Accepted Answer

A) contains thymine in place of uracil. 
B) consists of a single rather than a double polynucleotide strand. 
C) contains the sugar ribose rather than the sugar deoxyribose. 
D) contains phosphate groups not found in RNA. 
A) contains thymine in place of uracil. 
B) consists of a single rather than a double polynucleotide strand. 
C) contains the sugar ribose rather than the sugar deoxyribose. 
D) contains phosphate groups not found in RNA.

Question 17

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein.
-After eating a Yummie cake, which of the following metabolic processes is likely occurring at the fastest rate?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis of glycogen 
B) dehydration reactions involving glucose 
C) dehydration reactions involving fatty acids 
D) hydrolysis of cellulose 
A) hydrolysis of glycogen 
B) dehydration reactions involving glucose 
C) dehydration reactions involving fatty acids 
D) hydrolysis of cellulose

Question 18

Which of the following contains a carboxyl and an amino group?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid 
B) fat 
C) sugar 
D) vinegar 
A) amino acid 
B) fat 
C) sugar 
D) vinegar

Question 19

Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls and is found in your tears, mucus, and saliva. A mutation occurs in the gene for lysozyme that results in a lysine (a positively charged amino acid)being substituted for an arginine (also a positively charged amino acid). Do you think that the mutant lysozyme will function similarly to the normal lysozyme?

Accepted Answer

A) no, because all changes in protein primary sequence result in functional differences 
B) no, because changing lysine to arginine will cause the protein to denature 
C) yes, because both lysine and arginine are positively charged so the tertiary structure and therefore function should be similar 
D) yes, because protein function stays the same no matter what mutations occur 
A) no, because all changes in protein primary sequence result in functional differences 
B) no, because changing lysine to arginine will cause the protein to denature 
C) yes, because both lysine and arginine are positively charged so the tertiary structure and therefore function should be similar 
D) yes, because protein function stays the same no matter what mutations occur

Question 20

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
You're the manager of a factory that produces enzyme-washed blue jeans (the enzymes lighten the color of the denim, giving a "faded" appearance). When the most recent batch of fabric came out of the enzyme wash, however, the color wasn't light enough to meet your standards. Your quality control laboratory wants to do some tests to determine why the wash enzymes didn't perform as expected.
-Which of the following experiments would be best for testing the hypothesis that the enzymes did not perform as expected because the temperature was too high?

Accepted Answer

A) Produce one batch of blue jeans with twice as much enzyme as another batch of blue jeans while keeping the temperature the same, then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
B) Produce multiple batches of blue jeans at several different temperatures but with the same enzyme concentration and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
C) Produce multiple batches of blue jeans at several different temperatures and with different enzyme concentrations and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
D) Produce one batch of blue jeans at a high temperature without the enzyme and another batch of blue jeans at a low temperature with the enzyme and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
A) Produce one batch of blue jeans with twice as much enzyme as another batch of blue jeans while keeping the temperature the same, then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
B) Produce multiple batches of blue jeans at several different temperatures but with the same enzyme concentration and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
C) Produce multiple batches of blue jeans at several different temperatures and with different enzyme concentrations and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches. 
D) Produce one batch of blue jeans at a high temperature without the enzyme and another batch of blue jeans at a low temperature with the enzyme and then compare how the lightness of the blue jeans varies between batches.

Exam 3: The Molecules of Cells

The development of atherosclerotic disease can result from a diet high in

Which of the following lists contains only polysaccharides?

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false?

Glucose molecules are to starch as ________ are to proteins.

If you ate a 100% plant-based (vegan)diet, what molecule would you never eat?

A major type of lipid found in cell membranes is

Which of the following statements regarding triglyceride molecules is false?

Amino acids can be distinguished from one another by

Proteins differ from one another because

Propanol and isopropanol are isomers. This means that they have

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis is false?

Which of the following statements regarding carbon is false?

Which type of fat was found to contribute the most relative risk of developing heart disease?

What feature of fats makes them hydrophobic?

DNA differs from RNA because DNA

Which of the following contains a carboxyl and an amino group?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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