Question 1

A physician is trying to determine if a patient has functioning helper T cells. Which of the following events would provide evidence that helper T cells are acting normally?

Accepted Answer

A) Antibodies recognize and bind to antigens. 
B) Memory cells are produced after the secondary immune response. 
C) Stimulatory proteins are secreted that help activate B cells, thus stimulating the humoral immune response. 
D) The inflammatory response is triggered. 
A) Antibodies recognize and bind to antigens. 
B) Memory cells are produced after the secondary immune response. 
C) Stimulatory proteins are secreted that help activate B cells, thus stimulating the humoral immune response. 
D) The inflammatory response is triggered.

Question 2

Which of the following diseases cannot currently be prevented by vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A) AIDS 
B) polio 
C) measles 
D) tetanus 
A) AIDS 
B) polio 
C) measles 
D) tetanus

Question 3

-Suppose you conduct the study and obtain the results graphed above. How do the results of your study add to existing knowledge about whether or not higher anti-HPV antibody levels provide greater protection from HPV-related cancers?

Accepted Answer

A) Your results add evidence that supports the original hypothesis. 
B) Your results do not provide evidence that supports the hypothesis. 
C) Your results neither support nor refute the hypothesis. 
D) Your results, if they are replicated in another study, will add evidence that supports the original hypothesis. 
A) Your results add evidence that supports the original hypothesis. 
B) Your results do not provide evidence that supports the hypothesis. 
C) Your results neither support nor refute the hypothesis. 
D) Your results, if they are replicated in another study, will add evidence that supports the original hypothesis.

Question 4

Mononucleosis ("mono")is usually caused by EBV, or the Epstein-Barr virus. Mono is more common in children than in adults because adults usually have developed ________ toward the virus.

Accepted Answer

A) innate immunity 
B) adaptive immunity 
C) lymphocytes 
D) passive immunity 
A) innate immunity 
B) adaptive immunity 
C) lymphocytes 
D) passive immunity

Question 5

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
To protect U.S. soldiers serving overseas, each soldier receives vaccinations against several diseases, including smallpox, before deployment. Following intelligence about an imminent smallpox threat in Iraq, the U.S. Army wants to ensure that soldiers stationed there are fully protected from exposure to the disease, so all the soldiers in the threat zone are given a second vaccination against smallpox.
-The second vaccination is beneficial because

Accepted Answer

A) it contains plasma cells that survive longer than 4-5 days. 
B) it stimulates production of a higher concentration of antibodies in the bloodstream. 
C) it requires two injections to stimulate antibody formation. 
D) it keeps previously produced plasma cells circulating in the bloodstream. 
A) it contains plasma cells that survive longer than 4-5 days. 
B) it stimulates production of a higher concentration of antibodies in the bloodstream. 
C) it requires two injections to stimulate antibody formation. 
D) it keeps previously produced plasma cells circulating in the bloodstream.

Question 6

What type of cell helps to stimulate B cells to produce antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A) plasma cell 
B) cytotoxic T cell 
C) helper T cell 
D) macrophage 
A) plasma cell 
B) cytotoxic T cell 
C) helper T cell 
D) macrophage

Question 7

Which of the following distinguishes the secondary immune response from the primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

A) The primary response is specific; the secondary one is not. 
B) The secondary response is faster and stronger. 
C) The primary response involves B cells; the secondary one involves T cells. 
D) The secondary response allows additional antigens to be recognized faster. 
A) The primary response is specific; the secondary one is not. 
B) The secondary response is faster and stronger. 
C) The primary response involves B cells; the secondary one involves T cells. 
D) The secondary response allows additional antigens to be recognized faster.

Question 8

Which is the correct order of steps taken by B and T cells to defend against infection in body fluids and cells? 1. B and T cells move to the lymph nodes, spleen, and other parts of the lymphatic system.
2) B and T cells leave the bone marrow and thymus and move to the bloodstream.
3) B and T cells meet and begin to fight viruses or other infectious agents.
4) B and T cells develop antigen receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) 4, 2, 1, 3 
B) 2, 4, 3, 1 
C) 4, 3, 2, 1 
D) 2, 4, 1, 3 
A) 4, 2, 1, 3 
B) 2, 4, 3, 1 
C) 4, 3, 2, 1 
D) 2, 4, 1, 3

Question 9

Monoclonal antibodies are a successful driving force of therapy in the treatment of asthma. The use of antibodies to treat asthma is an application of

Accepted Answer

A) ecological research on human populations affected by asthma. 
B) medical research in a laboratory setting. 
C) field research in a natural setting. 
D) historical research on diseases that affect lung capacity. 
A) ecological research on human populations affected by asthma. 
B) medical research in a laboratory setting. 
C) field research in a natural setting. 
D) historical research on diseases that affect lung capacity.

Question 10

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Consider the following statement from the textbook: "Scientists hypothesize that higher anti-HPV antibody levels provide greater protection from HPV-related cancers compared to lower levels, but they don't yet have strong evidence to support this hypothesis."
-Suppose you design a study to test this hypothesis. Your study participants are adults between the ages of 25 and 40 (mean age = 32). From the following choices, select the groups of individuals who would make the best participants for the experimental group in your study.

Accepted Answer

A) a group of 100 vaccinated adult males and a group of 100 vaccinated adult females 
B) a group of 100 unvaccinated adult males and a group of 100 vaccinated adult males 
C) a group of 50 vaccinated adult males and a group of 150 vaccinated adult females 
D) a group of 100 unvaccinated adult males and a group of 100 unvaccinated adult females 
A) a group of 100 vaccinated adult males and a group of 100 vaccinated adult females 
B) a group of 100 unvaccinated adult males and a group of 100 vaccinated adult males 
C) a group of 50 vaccinated adult males and a group of 150 vaccinated adult females 
D) a group of 100 unvaccinated adult males and a group of 100 unvaccinated adult females

Question 11

A physician sees a new patient who is 25 years old. The patient reports that she has been experiencing recurrent ear, nose, and throat infections since she was about 5 years old. The infections last for long periods of time and are difficult to treat. The physician suspects that the patient may have

Accepted Answer

A) an autoimmune disorder. 
B) an allergic reaction. 
C) an immunodeficiency disorder. 
D) abnormal levels of allergens. 
A) an autoimmune disorder. 
B) an allergic reaction. 
C) an immunodeficiency disorder. 
D) abnormal levels of allergens.

Question 12

When an antigen-presenting cell interacts successfully with a helper T cell, the antigen-presenting cell secretes a signal molecule that assists in the activation of the helper T cell. This signal molecule is

Accepted Answer

A) interferon. 
B) complement. 
C) interleukin-1. 
D) perforin. 
A) interferon. 
B) complement. 
C) interleukin-1. 
D) perforin.

Question 13

Anaphylactic shock is an example of an

Accepted Answer

A) autoimmune disease. 
B) immunodeficiency disease. 
C) allergic response. 
D) acquired autoimmune disease. 
A) autoimmune disease. 
B) immunodeficiency disease. 
C) allergic response. 
D) acquired autoimmune disease.

Question 14

Which of the following helps activate our nonspecific (innate)defense system?

Accepted Answer

A) active immunity 
B) inflammation 
C) passive immunity 
D) mobilization of erythrocytes 
A) active immunity 
B) inflammation 
C) passive immunity 
D) mobilization of erythrocytes

Question 15

Some complement proteins

Accepted Answer

A) induce antibody formation by phagocytic cells. 
B) help trigger the inflammatory response. 
C) are released by natural killer cells to attack cancer and virus-infected cells. 
D) replace T cells in the cell-mediated response. 
A) induce antibody formation by phagocytic cells. 
B) help trigger the inflammatory response. 
C) are released by natural killer cells to attack cancer and virus-infected cells. 
D) replace T cells in the cell-mediated response.

Question 16

Upon which of the following is passive immunity dependent?

Accepted Answer

A) a person's own immune system producing antibodies 
B) antibodies made by another organism 
C) antibody-producing cells from another organism 
D) antigens from a person's own body 
A) a person's own immune system producing antibodies 
B) antibodies made by another organism 
C) antibody-producing cells from another organism 
D) antigens from a person's own body

Question 17

Which of the following is an immediate effect of histamine release?

Accepted Answer

A) dilation of local blood vessels 
B) blocking of a response to ragweed pollen 
C) conversion of histamine to histidine 
D) increase in blood pressure 
A) dilation of local blood vessels 
B) blocking of a response to ragweed pollen 
C) conversion of histamine to histidine 
D) increase in blood pressure

Question 18

Which of the following cell types is responsible for the humoral immune response?

Accepted Answer

A) B cells 
B) neutrophils 
C) natural killer cells 
D) macrophages 
A) B cells 
B) neutrophils 
C) natural killer cells 
D) macrophages

Question 19

Antigens can be

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) large polysaccharides that protrude from virus surfaces or foreign cells. 
C) blood or tissue cells from organisms of the same or different species. 
D) all of the above. 
A) proteins. 
B) large polysaccharides that protrude from virus surfaces or foreign cells. 
C) blood or tissue cells from organisms of the same or different species. 
D) all of the above.

Exam 24: the Immune System

A physician is trying to determine if a patient has functioning helper T cells. Which of the following events would provide evidence that helper T cells are acting normally?

Which of the following diseases cannot currently be prevented by vaccination?

-Suppose you conduct the study and obtain the results graphed above. How do the results of your study add to existing knowledge about whether or not higher anti-HPV antibody levels provide greater protection from HPV-related cancers?

Mononucleosis ("mono")is usually caused by EBV, or the Epstein-Barr virus. Mono is more common in children than in adults because adults usually have developed ________ toward the virus.

What type of cell helps to stimulate B cells to produce antibodies?

Which of the following distinguishes the secondary immune response from the primary immune response?

Monoclonal antibodies are a successful driving force of therapy in the treatment of asthma. The use of antibodies to treat asthma is an application of

When an antigen-presenting cell interacts successfully with a helper T cell, the antigen-presenting cell secretes a signal molecule that assists in the activation of the helper T cell. This signal molecule is

Anaphylactic shock is an example of an

Which of the following helps activate our nonspecific (innate)defense system?

Some complement proteins

Upon which of the following is passive immunity dependent?

Which of the following is an immediate effect of histamine release?

Which of the following cell types is responsible for the humoral immune response?

Antigens can be

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