Question 1

________ can destroy infected cells.

Accepted Answer

A) Macrophages 
B) Plasma cells 
C) B cells 
D) Cytotoxic T cells 
A) Macrophages 
B) Plasma cells 
C) B cells 
D) Cytotoxic T cells

Question 2

A physician diagnoses a patient with a bacterial infection and determines that the patient is not immune to the bacteria. He delivers a shot of blood plasma that contains antibodies to his patient. The physician is transferring

Accepted Answer

A) lymph nodes. 
B) the cell-mediated immune response. 
C) antigen receptors. 
D) the humoral immune response. 
A) lymph nodes. 
B) the cell-mediated immune response. 
C) antigen receptors. 
D) the humoral immune response.

Question 3

Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) natural killer cells 
C) helper T cells 
D) memory cells 
A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) natural killer cells 
C) helper T cells 
D) memory cells

Question 4

Which of the following compounds is produced and secreted by mast cells during an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) interferon 
B) allergens 
C) histamine 
D) perforin 
A) interferon 
B) allergens 
C) histamine 
D) perforin

Question 5

Which of the following statements about AIDS is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The AIDS vaccine can prevent the spread of HIV. 
B) There is now a treatment for AIDS that is simple and effective. 
C) Using condoms during sex prevents the spread of the virus that causes AIDS. 
D) AIDS patients live no longer than two to three years. 
A) The AIDS vaccine can prevent the spread of HIV. 
B) There is now a treatment for AIDS that is simple and effective. 
C) Using condoms during sex prevents the spread of the virus that causes AIDS. 
D) AIDS patients live no longer than two to three years.

Question 6

While playing soccer in your backyard, you disrupt a small fire ant mound. The fire ants emerge and bite your feet. Your feet begin to show swollen, raised areas around the bites. What is happening?

Accepted Answer

A) Your innate internal defenses have been activated. 
B) Your adaptive defenses have been activated. 
C) Blood flow to the affected area decreases. 
D) You are experiencing passive immunity. 
A) Your innate internal defenses have been activated. 
B) Your adaptive defenses have been activated. 
C) Blood flow to the affected area decreases. 
D) You are experiencing passive immunity.

Question 7

A primary immune response is

Accepted Answer

A) the immune response elicited by the primary antigen of a disease-causing microorganism. 
B) the immune response elicited by the primary antibodies of a disease-causing microorganism. 
C) the immune response elicited by the first exposure of lymphocytes to a particular antigen. 
D) the immune response elicited by the first exposure of memory cells to a particular antigen. 
A) the immune response elicited by the primary antigen of a disease-causing microorganism. 
B) the immune response elicited by the primary antibodies of a disease-causing microorganism. 
C) the immune response elicited by the first exposure of lymphocytes to a particular antigen. 
D) the immune response elicited by the first exposure of memory cells to a particular antigen.

Question 8

Which of the following are antigens? 1. toxins
2) chemicals
3) foreign particles (e.g., splinters)
4) drugs

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, 3 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2, 3 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 9

________ are a component of the immune system that are able to destroy cancer cells by deploying toxins into infected cells as a means of killing them. In this role they are cytotoxic-that is, "cell killing."

Accepted Answer

A) Natural killer cells 
B) Phagocytes 
C) Antibodies 
D) B cells 
A) Natural killer cells 
B) Phagocytes 
C) Antibodies 
D) B cells

Question 10

________ rely completely on innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) Giraffes 
B) Dogs 
C) Humans 
D) Beetles 
A) Giraffes 
B) Dogs 
C) Humans 
D) Beetles

Question 11

A molecule that can elicit an adaptive immune response is called

Accepted Answer

A) a complement. 
B) an interferon. 
C) an antibody. 
D) an antigen. 
A) a complement. 
B) an interferon. 
C) an antibody. 
D) an antigen.

Question 12

Which of the following choices best describes a plasma cell?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a differentiated T cell. 
B) It is a differentiated B cell. 
C) It responds to an antigen and differentiates into a B cell. 
D) It is produced during a primary immune response, persists, and multiplies in response to a reappearance of the antigen. 
A) It is a differentiated T cell. 
B) It is a differentiated B cell. 
C) It responds to an antigen and differentiates into a B cell. 
D) It is produced during a primary immune response, persists, and multiplies in response to a reappearance of the antigen.

Question 13

The transfer of antibodies in breast milk to an infant is an example of ________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) nonspecific 
B) passive 
C) humoral 
D) active 
A) nonspecific 
B) passive 
C) humoral 
D) active

Question 14

The complement system can be activated by

Accepted Answer

A) inflammatory mediators. 
B) antigen-antibody complexes. 
C) B cell plasma membrane. 
D) T cells. 
A) inflammatory mediators. 
B) antigen-antibody complexes. 
C) B cell plasma membrane. 
D) T cells.

Question 15

A researcher who detects a higher-than-normal amount of interferon in a laboratory rat would correctly conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) the rat has, or recently had, a viral infection. 
B) cancerous cells are present in the rat. 
C) the rat's diet is deficient in calcium. 
D) monocytes are differentiating into macrophages in the rat's bloodstream. 
A) the rat has, or recently had, a viral infection. 
B) cancerous cells are present in the rat. 
C) the rat's diet is deficient in calcium. 
D) monocytes are differentiating into macrophages in the rat's bloodstream.

Question 16

A woman sustains irreversible damage to one of her lungs in a fire. Her identical twin sister, who lives in another state, offers to donate one of her lungs to her injured sibling. Would physicians view this as an organ transplant surgery with a strong chance of success?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes; the identical twins would have highly similar self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
B) Yes; the identical twins would have highly different self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
C) No; the identical twins would have highly similar self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
D) No; the identical twins would have highly different self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
A) Yes; the identical twins would have highly similar self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
B) Yes; the identical twins would have highly different self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
C) No; the identical twins would have highly similar self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells. 
D) No; the identical twins would have highly different self-proteins, and this would likely minimize rejection by cytotoxic T cells.

Question 17

The main function of the inflammatory response is to

Accepted Answer

A) initiate the production of antibodies. 
B) remove contaminating microorganisms and initiate repair of damaged tissues. 
C) initiate T cell-mediated immune responses. 
D) initiate the production of killer cells. 
A) initiate the production of antibodies. 
B) remove contaminating microorganisms and initiate repair of damaged tissues. 
C) initiate T cell-mediated immune responses. 
D) initiate the production of killer cells.

Question 18

When a B cell first interacts with its particular antigen, the B cell

Accepted Answer

A) dies after destroying the antigen. 
B) engulfs the antigen and digests it. 
C) differentiates and develops into a clone of antibody-producing effector cells. 
D) alters the chemical configuration of the antigen. 
A) dies after destroying the antigen. 
B) engulfs the antigen and digests it. 
C) differentiates and develops into a clone of antibody-producing effector cells. 
D) alters the chemical configuration of the antigen.

Question 19

One kind of vaccine consists of

Accepted Answer

A) buffered antibodies. 
B) B cells. 
C) a harmless variant strain of a disease-causing microbe. 
D) antibiotics. 
A) buffered antibodies. 
B) B cells. 
C) a harmless variant strain of a disease-causing microbe. 
D) antibiotics.

Question 20

________ genes are responsible for coding for self-proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) STR 
B) MHC 
C) RFLP 
D) PCR 
A) STR 
B) MHC 
C) RFLP 
D) PCR

Exam 24: the Immune System

________ can destroy infected cells.

A physician diagnoses a patient with a bacterial infection and determines that the patient is not immune to the bacteria. He delivers a shot of blood plasma that contains antibodies to his patient. The physician is transferring

Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

Which of the following compounds is produced and secreted by mast cells during an allergic reaction?

Which of the following statements about AIDS is true?

While playing soccer in your backyard, you disrupt a small fire ant mound. The fire ants emerge and bite your feet. Your feet begin to show swollen, raised areas around the bites. What is happening?

A primary immune response is

Which of the following are antigens? 1. toxins 2) chemicals 3) foreign particles (e.g., splinters) 4) drugs

________ are a component of the immune system that are able to destroy cancer cells by deploying toxins into infected cells as a means of killing them. In this role they are cytotoxic-that is, "cell killing."

________ rely completely on innate immunity.

A molecule that can elicit an adaptive immune response is called

Which of the following choices best describes a plasma cell?

The transfer of antibodies in breast milk to an infant is an example of ________ immunity.

The complement system can be activated by

A researcher who detects a higher-than-normal amount of interferon in a laboratory rat would correctly conclude that

A woman sustains irreversible damage to one of her lungs in a fire. Her identical twin sister, who lives in another state, offers to donate one of her lungs to her injured sibling. Would physicians view this as an organ transplant surgery with a strong chance of success?

The main function of the inflammatory response is to

When a B cell first interacts with its particular antigen, the B cell

One kind of vaccine consists of

________ genes are responsible for coding for self-proteins.

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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