Question 1

Mutual recognition of standards refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) separate standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize. 
A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) separate standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize.

Question 2

Greater specialization within a country

Accepted Answer

A) increases risks to the country. 
B) is rarely beneficial. 
C) creates winners and losers and raises issues about fairness. 
D) evenly distributes benefits in the long run. 
A) increases risks to the country. 
B) is rarely beneficial. 
C) creates winners and losers and raises issues about fairness. 
D) evenly distributes benefits in the long run.

Question 3

Health and safety standards are generally similar in most countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Over time,most countries have increased environmental standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Child labor is most common in urban areas. 
B) Child labor is most common in the textile industry. 
C) If child labor were stopped, families would have greater economic success. 
D) Agriculture is the main industry that uses child labor. 
A) Child labor is most common in urban areas. 
B) Child labor is most common in the textile industry. 
C) If child labor were stopped, families would have greater economic success. 
D) Agriculture is the main industry that uses child labor.

Question 6

The claim that lower environmental standards in foreign countries reduce industrial competitiveness for high standard countries is on firm theoretical ground because

Accepted Answer

A) higher environmental standards requirements raise the cost of production to a firm or industry abiding by the rules. 
B) there will be a race-to-the-bottom competition on environmental standards. 
C) the interests of firms that are subject to the high standards coincide with the nation's interests, one-for-one. 
D) environmental standards in most countries have gotten more lax over time. 
A) higher environmental standards requirements raise the cost of production to a firm or industry abiding by the rules. 
B) there will be a race-to-the-bottom competition on environmental standards. 
C) the interests of firms that are subject to the high standards coincide with the nation's interests, one-for-one. 
D) environmental standards in most countries have gotten more lax over time.

Question 7

Imposing the same standards on high- and low-income countries can be a problem because

Accepted Answer

A) it widens the market and lowers prices. 
B) there are no economies of scale for low-income countries. 
C) high-income countries have few environmental problems. 
D) low-income countries may have less ability to enforce standards. 
A) it widens the market and lowers prices. 
B) there are no economies of scale for low-income countries. 
C) high-income countries have few environmental problems. 
D) low-income countries may have less ability to enforce standards.

Question 8

The race-to-the-bottom concept described in the text refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the situation in which countries with high standards are forced to lower their standards or face the loss of jobs and industry. 
B) the situation in which human rights are not respected by trading countries. 
C) adopting the standards of a few selected middle-income and high-income countries. 
D) the use of low per-capita income as a means of comparing the well-being of individuals. 
A) the situation in which countries with high standards are forced to lower their standards or face the loss of jobs and industry. 
B) the situation in which human rights are not respected by trading countries. 
C) adopting the standards of a few selected middle-income and high-income countries. 
D) the use of low per-capita income as a means of comparing the well-being of individuals.

Question 9

Separate standards refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize. 
A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize.

Question 10

What is a pollution haven,and is there evidence that pollution havens exist?

Accepted Answer

Countries that compete by offering forei

Question 11

Trade measures are usually not the best way of addressing problems such as pollution and child labor because

Accepted Answer

A) it is more efficient to address these problems at the production and consumption level. 
B) trade measures are not effective in reducing pollution. 
C) the governments of high-income countries are not interested in sanctioning pollution and child labor. 
D) the WTO prohibits most trade sanctions. 
A) it is more efficient to address these problems at the production and consumption level. 
B) trade measures are not effective in reducing pollution. 
C) the governments of high-income countries are not interested in sanctioning pollution and child labor. 
D) the WTO prohibits most trade sanctions.

Question 12

"Certified shade-grown,organic coffee" is an example of requiring home standards in a foreign market instead of trade barriers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Is the claim that environmental standards reduce industrial competitiveness valid?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, because environmental standards raise costs to businesses. 
B) No, because consumers will want to buy from firms that pollute less. 
C) No, because environmental standards have little effect in high-income countries. 
D) Yes, because environmental standards will cause the imposition of WTO sanctions. 
A) Yes, because environmental standards raise costs to businesses. 
B) No, because consumers will want to buy from firms that pollute less. 
C) No, because environmental standards have little effect in high-income countries. 
D) Yes, because environmental standards will cause the imposition of WTO sanctions.

Question 14

Discriminatory trade practices are allowed among sister WTO member countries,especially when it comes to

Accepted Answer

A) the use of child labor in agricultural and textile/apparel products. 
B) national security and special benefits given to other members of a free trade area. 
C) the protection of agriculture and textile/apparel from open trade. 
D) environmental protection. 
A) the use of child labor in agricultural and textile/apparel products. 
B) national security and special benefits given to other members of a free trade area. 
C) the protection of agriculture and textile/apparel from open trade. 
D) environmental protection.

Question 15

As national income rises,

Accepted Answer

A) water problems are eliminated. 
B) infant mortality falls. 
C) emissions from fossil fuels decrease. 
D) depletion of forest reserves increases at an increasing rate. 
A) water problems are eliminated. 
B) infant mortality falls. 
C) emissions from fossil fuels decrease. 
D) depletion of forest reserves increases at an increasing rate.

Question 16

Labeling that states that a product was produced under environmentally sustainable conditions may not be an effective way to reduce pollution if

Accepted Answer

A) producers do not apply labels. 
B) labeling increases costs. 
C) consumers do not believe the information on the label. 
D) governments require labels. 
A) producers do not apply labels. 
B) labeling increases costs. 
C) consumers do not believe the information on the label. 
D) governments require labels.

Question 17

All of the following are responsible for the removal of the formal trade barriers except

Accepted Answer

A) the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). 
B) the World Trade Organization (WTO). 
C) regional trade agreements such as NAFTA. 
D) the World Bank and the IMF. 
A) the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). 
B) the World Trade Organization (WTO). 
C) regional trade agreements such as NAFTA. 
D) the World Bank and the IMF.

Question 18

Many conflicts over standards result from the differences in income between countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Define labor standards as proposed by the ILO.

Accepted Answer

Prohibition of forced labor,fr

Mutual recognition of standards refers to

Greater specialization within a country

Health and safety standards are generally similar in most countries.

Over time,most countries have increased environmental standards.

Which of the following is true?

The claim that lower environmental standards in foreign countries reduce industrial competitiveness for high standard countries is on firm theoretical ground because

Imposing the same standards on high- and low-income countries can be a problem because

The race-to-the-bottom concept described in the text refers to

Separate standards refers to

What is a pollution haven,and is there evidence that pollution havens exist?

Trade measures are usually not the best way of addressing problems such as pollution and child labor because

"Certified shade-grown,organic coffee" is an example of requiring home standards in a foreign market instead of trade barriers.

Is the claim that environmental standards reduce industrial competitiveness valid?

Discriminatory trade practices are allowed among sister WTO member countries,especially when it comes to

As national income rises,

Labeling that states that a product was produced under environmentally sustainable conditions may not be an effective way to reduce pollution if

All of the following are responsible for the removal of the formal trade barriers except

Many conflicts over standards result from the differences in income between countries.

Define labor standards as proposed by the ILO.

The United States in a Global Economy

International Economic Institutions Since World War II

Comparative Advantage and the Gains From Trade

Comparative Advantage and Factor Endowments

Beyond Comparative Advantage

The Theory of Tariffs and Quotas

Commercial Policy

Trade and the Balance of Payments

Exchange Rates and Exchange Rate Systems

An Introduction to Open Economy Macroeconomics

International Financial Crises

The United States in the World Economy

The European Union: Many Markets Into One

Trade and Policy Reform in Latin America

Export-Oriented Growth in East Asia

China and India in the World Economy

Filters

Exam 8: International Trade and Labor and Environmental Standards

Mutual recognition of standards refers to

Greater specialization within a country

Health and safety standards are generally similar in most countries.

Over time,most countries have increased environmental standards.

Which of the following is true?

The claim that lower environmental standards in foreign countries reduce industrial competitiveness for high standard countries is on firm theoretical ground because

Imposing the same standards on high- and low-income countries can be a problem because

The race-to-the-bottom concept described in the text refers to

Separate standards refers to

What is a pollution haven,and is there evidence that pollution havens exist?

Trade measures are usually not the best way of addressing problems such as pollution and child labor because

"Certified shade-grown,organic coffee" is an example of requiring home standards in a foreign market instead of trade barriers.

Is the claim that environmental standards reduce industrial competitiveness valid?

Discriminatory trade practices are allowed among sister WTO member countries,especially when it comes to

As national income rises,

Labeling that states that a product was produced under environmentally sustainable conditions may not be an effective way to reduce pollution if

All of the following are responsible for the removal of the formal trade barriers except

Many conflicts over standards result from the differences in income between countries.

Define labor standards as proposed by the ILO.

The United States in a Global Economy

International Economic Institutions Since World War II

Comparative Advantage and the Gains From Trade

Comparative Advantage and Factor Endowments

Beyond Comparative Advantage

The Theory of Tariffs and Quotas

Commercial Policy

Trade and the Balance of Payments

Exchange Rates and Exchange Rate Systems

An Introduction to Open Economy Macroeconomics

International Financial Crises

The United States in the World Economy

The European Union: Many Markets Into One

Trade and Policy Reform in Latin America

Export-Oriented Growth in East Asia

China and India in the World Economy

Filters