Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most of the world's population lives in countries classified as low- or lower-middle income. 
B) All labor and environmental conditions improve with income growth. 
C) Percentage wise, more children work in low-income countries than in higher income countries. 
D) With such large income differences internationally, it is not surprising that there are very large differences in most social, economic, and environmental indicators. 
A) Most of the world's population lives in countries classified as low- or lower-middle income. 
B) All labor and environmental conditions improve with income growth. 
C) Percentage wise, more children work in low-income countries than in higher income countries. 
D) With such large income differences internationally, it is not surprising that there are very large differences in most social, economic, and environmental indicators.

Question 2

There is clear evidence of a race-to-the-bottom internationally,regarding working conditions and the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Generally, the lower the country's average income, the less administrative, scientific, and technical capacity it has to design and enforce standards. 
B) National priorities do not change as income changes-countries of all income levels seem to share the same priorities and values. 
C) Differences in income are always an obstacle to the harmonization of standards. 
D) The adoption of a common set of rules usually narrows the market and raises prices. 
A) Generally, the lower the country's average income, the less administrative, scientific, and technical capacity it has to design and enforce standards. 
B) National priorities do not change as income changes-countries of all income levels seem to share the same priorities and values. 
C) Differences in income are always an obstacle to the harmonization of standards. 
D) The adoption of a common set of rules usually narrows the market and raises prices.

Question 4

One reason why the plants of multinational corporations abroad may have better standards than domestic contractors in low-income countries is because multinational corporations tend to reduce costs by using one standard in terms of capital equipment and technology for all markets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Low labor standards are usually associated with

Accepted Answer

A) nondemocratic governments. 
B) high-income countries. 
C) high-wage countries. 
D) low foreign investment. 
A) nondemocratic governments. 
B) high-income countries. 
C) high-wage countries. 
D) low foreign investment.

Question 6

Domestic policies can have unintended effects on international trade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Race to the bottom refers to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Firms have an incentive to relocate to countries with lower standards. 
B) Countries have an incentive to conform to the standards of the lowest income country. 
C) Countries will compete with each other to offer incentives to firms. 
D) Firms will underpay workers in low income countries. 
A) Firms have an incentive to relocate to countries with lower standards. 
B) Countries have an incentive to conform to the standards of the lowest income country. 
C) Countries will compete with each other to offer incentives to firms. 
D) Firms will underpay workers in low income countries.

Question 8

In what industrial sector are children most likely to be working?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what industrial sector are children most...

Question 9

Harmonization of standards refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance or keeping of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) separate standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize. 
A) the elimination of tariffs and quotas by trading partners. 
B) common product safety, environment, labor, and fair competition standards agreed upon by trading partners. 
C) the acceptance or keeping of a trading partner's standards as valid and sufficient by another trading partner. 
D) separate standards held by different trading partners which other partners refuse to recognize.

Question 10

What are two main obstacles to increased international integration?

Accepted Answer

Laws and regulations adopted s

Question 11

The WTO explicitly stated that in making its sea turtle decision,it was NOT saying that sovereign nations could not adopt effective measures to protect endangered species.Clearly,it said,sovereign nations can and should develop effective measures,including trade measures,to protect endangered species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Why are universal standards for minimum wages and hours worked difficult to agree on?

Accepted Answer

Universal standards for minimum wages,li

Question 13

Harmonization of standards

Accepted Answer

A) is costly for high income countries. 
B) can reduce firm costs. 
C) is less difficult for dissimilar countries. 
D) is part of the race to the bottom. 
A) is costly for high income countries. 
B) can reduce firm costs. 
C) is less difficult for dissimilar countries. 
D) is part of the race to the bottom.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an obstacle to increased international economic integration?

Accepted Answer

A) Monopoly powers given to domestic companies of individual nations 
B) High tariff rates imposed by industrialized nations 
C) Health and safety standard requirements 
D) Labor and environmental standard requirements 
A) Monopoly powers given to domestic companies of individual nations 
B) High tariff rates imposed by industrialized nations 
C) Health and safety standard requirements 
D) Labor and environmental standard requirements

Question 15

What does empirical research suggest about the existence of pollution havens?

Accepted Answer

That countries with

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the WTO and the protection of endangered species?

Accepted Answer

A) The environmental movement has been critical of the WTO. 
B) Under WTO rules, countries have a right to impose import barriers to protect endangered species. 
C) The WTO did not allow the U.S. to protect sea turtles. 
D) GATT rules prohibit discrimination based on the production process used. 
A) The environmental movement has been critical of the WTO. 
B) Under WTO rules, countries have a right to impose import barriers to protect endangered species. 
C) The WTO did not allow the U.S. to protect sea turtles. 
D) GATT rules prohibit discrimination based on the production process used.

Question 17

Domestic firms operating abroad may find it economically beneficial to adopt environment-friendly standards because

Accepted Answer

A) foreign nations may be upset if firms do not use the environment-friendly technology. 
B) the least-cost strategy usually involves the adoption of one set of environment-friendly technology rather than multiple standards. 
C) they may be forced to replace the old technology whenever the foreign country experiences positive economic development. 
D) their environment-unfriendly technology may be replaced by foreign-based technology. 
A) foreign nations may be upset if firms do not use the environment-friendly technology. 
B) the least-cost strategy usually involves the adoption of one set of environment-friendly technology rather than multiple standards. 
C) they may be forced to replace the old technology whenever the foreign country experiences positive economic development. 
D) their environment-unfriendly technology may be replaced by foreign-based technology.

Question 18

Harmonization of standards can institutionalize a set of inferior standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Explain the obstacles to more widespread adoption of labeling as a method of reducing environmental and child labor problems.

Accepted Answer

First,countries resist what they conside

Question 20

Which region has the highest proportion of its children working?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which region has the highest proportion of...

Which of the following is FALSE?

There is clear evidence of a race-to-the-bottom internationally,regarding working conditions and the environment.

Which of the following is true?

One reason why the plants of multinational corporations abroad may have better standards than domestic contractors in low-income countries is because multinational corporations tend to reduce costs by using one standard in terms of capital equipment and technology for all markets.

Low labor standards are usually associated with

Domestic policies can have unintended effects on international trade.

Race to the bottom refers to which of the following?

In what industrial sector are children most likely to be working?

Harmonization of standards refers to

What are two main obstacles to increased international integration?

Why are universal standards for minimum wages and hours worked difficult to agree on?

Harmonization of standards

Which of the following is NOT an obstacle to increased international economic integration?

What does empirical research suggest about the existence of pollution havens?

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the WTO and the protection of endangered species?

Domestic firms operating abroad may find it economically beneficial to adopt environment-friendly standards because

Harmonization of standards can institutionalize a set of inferior standards.

Explain the obstacles to more widespread adoption of labeling as a method of reducing environmental and child labor problems.

Which region has the highest proportion of its children working?

The United States in a Global Economy

International Economic Institutions Since World War II

Comparative Advantage and the Gains From Trade

Comparative Advantage and Factor Endowments

Beyond Comparative Advantage

The Theory of Tariffs and Quotas

Commercial Policy

Trade and the Balance of Payments

Exchange Rates and Exchange Rate Systems

An Introduction to Open Economy Macroeconomics

International Financial Crises

The United States in the World Economy

The European Union: Many Markets Into One

Trade and Policy Reform in Latin America

Export-Oriented Growth in East Asia

China and India in the World Economy

Filters

Exam 8: International Trade and Labor and Environmental Standards

Which of the following is FALSE?

There is clear evidence of a race-to-the-bottom internationally,regarding working conditions and the environment.

Which of the following is true?

One reason why the plants of multinational corporations abroad may have better standards than domestic contractors in low-income countries is because multinational corporations tend to reduce costs by using one standard in terms of capital equipment and technology for all markets.

Low labor standards are usually associated with

Domestic policies can have unintended effects on international trade.

Race to the bottom refers to which of the following?

In what industrial sector are children most likely to be working?

Harmonization of standards refers to

What are two main obstacles to increased international integration?

Why are universal standards for minimum wages and hours worked difficult to agree on?

Harmonization of standards

Which of the following is NOT an obstacle to increased international economic integration?

What does empirical research suggest about the existence of pollution havens?

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the WTO and the protection of endangered species?

Domestic firms operating abroad may find it economically beneficial to adopt environment-friendly standards because

Harmonization of standards can institutionalize a set of inferior standards.

Explain the obstacles to more widespread adoption of labeling as a method of reducing environmental and child labor problems.

Which region has the highest proportion of its children working?

The United States in a Global Economy

International Economic Institutions Since World War II

Comparative Advantage and the Gains From Trade

Comparative Advantage and Factor Endowments

Beyond Comparative Advantage

The Theory of Tariffs and Quotas

Commercial Policy

Trade and the Balance of Payments

Exchange Rates and Exchange Rate Systems

An Introduction to Open Economy Macroeconomics

International Financial Crises

The United States in the World Economy

The European Union: Many Markets Into One

Trade and Policy Reform in Latin America

Export-Oriented Growth in East Asia

China and India in the World Economy

Filters