Question 1

Which of the following can minimize the resorption effects of increased parathormone on bone calcium that occurs in renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Eliminating carbonated beverages to decrease phosphates 
B) Using thiazide diuretics to eliminate calcium 
C) Supplementing calcium early in the disease 
D) Decreasing protein products high in phosphate 
A) Eliminating carbonated beverages to decrease phosphates 
B) Using thiazide diuretics to eliminate calcium 
C) Supplementing calcium early in the disease 
D) Decreasing protein products high in phosphate C

Question 2

The rennin-angiotensin mechanism

Accepted Answer

A) regulates calcium and phosphorus balance. 
B) regulates blood pressure. 
C) is the first function of the kidney to deteriorate in AFI. 
D) is responsible for the production of EPO. 
A) regulates calcium and phosphorus balance. 
B) regulates blood pressure. 
C) is the first function of the kidney to deteriorate in AFI. 
D) is responsible for the production of EPO. B

Question 3

When acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by hypertrophy of the prostate, the ARF is classified as _____ AKI.

Accepted Answer

A) secondary 
B) prerenal 
C) intrinsic 
D) postrenal 
A) secondary 
B) prerenal 
C) intrinsic 
D) postrenal D

Question 4

Which of the following diseases is NOT among the top three considered to cause nephrotic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Kidney cancer 
B) Diabetes 
C) Lupus 
D) Amyloidosis 
A) Kidney cancer 
B) Diabetes 
C) Lupus 
D) Amyloidosis

Question 5

The most common renal stones contain calcium precipitates of

Accepted Answer

A) oxalate. 
B) phosphate. 
C) phytate. 
D) struvite. 
A) oxalate. 
B) phosphate. 
C) phytate. 
D) struvite.

Question 6

The type of renal therapy that requires the patient to restrict fluid intake is

Accepted Answer

A) impaired renal function. 
B) hemodialysis. 
C) CAPD. 
D) CCPD. 
A) impaired renal function. 
B) hemodialysis. 
C) CAPD. 
D) CCPD.

Question 7

Which type of dialysis treatment is usually done at night?

Accepted Answer

A) Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis 
B) Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis 
C) Hemodialysis 
D) Intermittent dialysis 
A) Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis 
B) Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis 
C) Hemodialysis 
D) Intermittent dialysis

Question 8

Renal adaptations that permit "normal" function eventually fail, causing a progression toward ESRD because of

Accepted Answer

A) loss of nephrons. 
B) uremia. 
C) increases in blood pressure. 
D) imbalances between glomerular and tubular functions. 
A) loss of nephrons. 
B) uremia. 
C) increases in blood pressure. 
D) imbalances between glomerular and tubular functions.

Question 9

A complication of intradialytic parenteral nutrition that is NOT commonly associated with usual PN is

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin deficiency. 
B) hypophosphatemia. 
C) infection. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
A) vitamin deficiency. 
B) hypophosphatemia. 
C) infection. 
D) hypoglycemia.

Question 10

The primary cause of anemia that presents in chronic renal failure is

Accepted Answer

A) lack of heme and nonheme iron intake. 
B) loss of iron through the diseased kidney. 
C) deficiency of the hormone erythropoietin. 
D) loss of blood through dialysis. 
A) lack of heme and nonheme iron intake. 
B) loss of iron through the diseased kidney. 
C) deficiency of the hormone erythropoietin. 
D) loss of blood through dialysis.

Question 11

Intake of which of the following nutrients is generally NOT decreased in the nutrition therapy of patients with ESRD?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Phosphorus 
C) Calcium 
D) Potassium 
A) Sodium 
B) Phosphorus 
C) Calcium 
D) Potassium

Question 12

At least how much protein should be provided by the diet of a patient who receives hemodialysis three times per week?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.6 g/kg of body weight 
B) 1 g/kg of body weight 
C) 1.2 g/kg of body weight 
D) 1.5 g/kg of body weight 
A) 0.6 g/kg of body weight 
B) 1 g/kg of body weight 
C) 1.2 g/kg of body weight 
D) 1.5 g/kg of body weight

Question 13

Which of the following guidelines should be followed by a patient who has a history of kidney stones?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease fluid intake to keep urine output to less than 1 L per day. 
B) Decrease intake of magnesium-containing antacids. 
C) Increase fluid intake to maintain urinary output at or above 2 L per day. 
D) Use sodium bicarbonate to alkalize urine. 
A) Decrease fluid intake to keep urine output to less than 1 L per day. 
B) Decrease intake of magnesium-containing antacids. 
C) Increase fluid intake to maintain urinary output at or above 2 L per day. 
D) Use sodium bicarbonate to alkalize urine.

Question 14

In children with CKD the primary goal of MNT is

Accepted Answer

A) to control of hypertension. 
B) fluid balance. 
C) normal growth and development. 
D) adherence to protein restriction. 
A) to control of hypertension. 
B) fluid balance. 
C) normal growth and development. 
D) adherence to protein restriction.

Question 15

During which stage of chronic kidney disease does the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) recommend that a protein intake of 0.6 g/kg/day be initiated?

Accepted Answer

A) For acute kidney injury 
B) When HD is started 
C) When the GFR falls below 25 mL/min 
D) Protein should never be as low as 0.6 g/kg/day. 
A) For acute kidney injury 
B) When HD is started 
C) When the GFR falls below 25 mL/min 
D) Protein should never be as low as 0.6 g/kg/day.

Question 16

Which of the following increases the excretion of urinary calcium and uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A) Animal protein 
B) Carbohydrate 
C) Fat 
D) Increased water intake 
A) Animal protein 
B) Carbohydrate 
C) Fat 
D) Increased water intake

Question 17

A reduction in which of the following parameters is the first alteration that leads to the development of chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pressure 
B) Left ventricular ejection 
C) Blood volume 
D) Glomerular filtration rate 
A) Blood pressure 
B) Left ventricular ejection 
C) Blood volume 
D) Glomerular filtration rate

Question 18

Which kidney condition is associated with hematuria?

Accepted Answer

A) Nephritic syndrome 
B) Nephrotic syndrome 
C) Pyelonephritis 
D) Renal tubular acidosis 
A) Nephritic syndrome 
B) Nephrotic syndrome 
C) Pyelonephritis 
D) Renal tubular acidosis

Question 19

Which of the following foods does NOT potentially increase the acidity of urine?

Accepted Answer

A) Lemons 
B) Cranberries 
C) Chicken 
D) Spaghetti noodles 
A) Lemons 
B) Cranberries 
C) Chicken 
D) Spaghetti noodles

Question 20

Which of the following blood parameters is associated with uremia?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium greater than 145 mEq/L 
B) Blood urea nitrogen greater than 100 mg/dL 
C) Creatinine level between 0.6 and 1.5 mg/dL 
D) eKT/V greater than 1.2 
A) Sodium greater than 145 mEq/L 
B) Blood urea nitrogen greater than 100 mg/dL 
C) Creatinine level between 0.6 and 1.5 mg/dL 
D) eKT/V greater than 1.2

Exam 36: Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Renal Disorders

Which of the following can minimize the resorption effects of increased parathormone on bone calcium that occurs in renal disease?

The rennin-angiotensin mechanism

When acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by hypertrophy of the prostate, the ARF is classified as _____ AKI.

Which of the following diseases is NOT among the top three considered to cause nephrotic syndrome?

The most common renal stones contain calcium precipitates of

The type of renal therapy that requires the patient to restrict fluid intake is

Which type of dialysis treatment is usually done at night?

Renal adaptations that permit "normal" function eventually fail, causing a progression toward ESRD because of

A complication of intradialytic parenteral nutrition that is NOT commonly associated with usual PN is

The primary cause of anemia that presents in chronic renal failure is

Intake of which of the following nutrients is generally NOT decreased in the nutrition therapy of patients with ESRD?

At least how much protein should be provided by the diet of a patient who receives hemodialysis three times per week?

Which of the following guidelines should be followed by a patient who has a history of kidney stones?

In children with CKD the primary goal of MNT is

During which stage of chronic kidney disease does the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) recommend that a protein intake of 0.6 g/kg/day be initiated?

Which of the following increases the excretion of urinary calcium and uric acid?

A reduction in which of the following parameters is the first alteration that leads to the development of chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease?

Which kidney condition is associated with hematuria?

Which of the following foods does NOT potentially increase the acidity of urine?

Which of the following blood parameters is associated with uremia?

Digestion, Absorption, Transport, and Excretion of Nutrients

Energy

The Nutrients and Their Metabolism

Intake: Analysis of the Diet

Assessment: Nutritional Genomics

Clinical: Inflammation, Physical and Functional Assessment

Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Clinical: Biochemical Assessment

Clinical: Food-Drug Interactions

Behavioral-Environmental: The Individual in the Community

Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Planning the Diet With Cultural Competency

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Bioactive Substances and Integrative Care

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support Methods

Interventions: Education and Counseling for Behavior Change

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition During Infancy

Nutrition in Childhood

Nutrition in Adolescence

Nutrition in the Adult Years

Nutrition in Aging

Weight Management

Nutrition in Eating Disorders

Nutrition in Exercise and Sports Performance

Nutrition and Bone Health

Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health

Mnt for Food Allergy and Food Intolerance

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Liver, Biliary System, and Exocrine Pancreas Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia of Nondiabetic Origin

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid and Related Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Anemia

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Pulmonary Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Cancer

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for HIV and AIDS

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Metabolic Stress: Sepsis, Trauma, Burns, and Surgery

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Rheumatic Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Psychiatric Conditions

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Genetic Metabolic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Developmental Disabilities

Filters