Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommendations of the TLC diet for lowering high blood cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduction of total fat to less than or equal to 20% of total calories 
B) Reduction of saturated fat to less than 7% of total calories 
C) Reduction of total cholesterol to less than 200 mg 
D) Up to 20% of total calories as monounsaturated fat 
A) Reduction of total fat to less than or equal to 20% of total calories 
B) Reduction of saturated fat to less than 7% of total calories 
C) Reduction of total cholesterol to less than 200 mg 
D) Up to 20% of total calories as monounsaturated fat A

Question 2

Which of the following lipoproteins is primary cholesterol carrier in blood?

Accepted Answer

A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL 
A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL C

Question 3

What is the condition in which severe congestive heart failure is characterized by a state of severe malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Anorexia nervosa 
B) Cardiac cachexia 
C) Hypoalbuminemia 
D) Tissue hypoxia 
A) Anorexia nervosa 
B) Cardiac cachexia 
C) Hypoalbuminemia 
D) Tissue hypoxia B

Question 4

Which class of drugs reduces LDL levels by inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A) Bile acid sequestrants 
B) Nicotinic acid 
C) HMG CoA reductase inhibitors 
D) Fibric acid derivatives 
A) Bile acid sequestrants 
B) Nicotinic acid 
C) HMG CoA reductase inhibitors 
D) Fibric acid derivatives

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT associated with lowering blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Hawthorn berry 
B) Mint 
C) Garlic 
D) Coenzyme Q10 
A) Hawthorn berry 
B) Mint 
C) Garlic 
D) Coenzyme Q10

Question 6

Diuretics work to lower blood pressure by

Accepted Answer

A) promoting vasodilation. 
B) inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. 
C) decreasing blood volume. 
D) increasing potassium retention. 
A) promoting vasodilation. 
B) inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. 
C) decreasing blood volume. 
D) increasing potassium retention.

Question 7

Which of the following promotes homeostatic control of blood pressure in the short term?

Accepted Answer

A) Kidney control of fluid levels 
B) Sympathetic nervous system secretion of norepinephrine 
C) Secretion of renin from the nephrons 
D) Activation of the renin-angiotensin system 
A) Kidney control of fluid levels 
B) Sympathetic nervous system secretion of norepinephrine 
C) Secretion of renin from the nephrons 
D) Activation of the renin-angiotensin system

Question 8

Which medical procedure used to treat patients with asymptomatic ischemia or angina involves a balloon?

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiac catheterization 
B) Percutaneous coronary intervention 
C) Coronary stent 
D) CABG 
A) Cardiac catheterization 
B) Percutaneous coronary intervention 
C) Coronary stent 
D) CABG

Question 9

Which of the following lipoproteins normally returns most of the cholesterol to the liver for disposal via reverse transport?

Accepted Answer

A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL 
A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL

Question 10

In regard to food labels, what is the definition of "sodium free?"

Accepted Answer

A) No sodium or sodium chloride at all 
B) Less than 1 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride 
C) Less than 5 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride 
D) Less than 10 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride 
A) No sodium or sodium chloride at all 
B) Less than 1 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride 
C) Less than 5 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride 
D) Less than 10 mg of sodium per serving and no sodium chloride

Question 11

Which mineral has been shown to improve (lower) blood pressure when consumed in adequate amounts?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Magnesium 
C) Potassium 
D) Chloride 
A) Calcium 
B) Magnesium 
C) Potassium 
D) Chloride

Question 12

Which of the following lipoproteins is considered to be triglyceride rich?

Accepted Answer

A) VLDL 
B) IDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL 
A) VLDL 
B) IDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a proinflammatory marker that increases when endothelial dysfunction leads to unstable plaque formation in atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Interleukin-6 
B) Fibrinogen 
C) Nitric oxide 
D) C-reactive protein 
A) Interleukin-6 
B) Fibrinogen 
C) Nitric oxide 
D) C-reactive protein

Question 14

Which of the following causes blood pressure to increase?

Accepted Answer

A) Vasodilation 
B) Decreased cardiac output 
C) Decreased vascular resistance 
D) Increased peripheral resistance 
A) Vasodilation 
B) Decreased cardiac output 
C) Decreased vascular resistance 
D) Increased peripheral resistance

Question 15

CVD is the leading cause of death in the United States in

Accepted Answer

A) men only. 
B) women only. 
C) African American Women but not white women. 
D) men and women. 
A) men only. 
B) women only. 
C) African American Women but not white women. 
D) men and women.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors used in the Framingham Point Scores for determining 10-year CHD risk?

Accepted Answer

A) Age 
B) HDL 
C) LDL 
D) Smoking 
A) Age 
B) HDL 
C) LDL 
D) Smoking

Question 17

Which of the following lipoproteins is considered to be the most atherogenic?

Accepted Answer

A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL 
A) Chylomicrons 
B) VLDL 
C) LDL 
D) HDL

Question 18

The "acceptable" range for LDL cholesterol in 2- to 19-year-old children and young adults is

Accepted Answer

A) less than 170 mg/dL. 
B) 115 to 129 mg/dL. 
C) less than 110 mg/dL. 
D) 80 to 100 mg/dL. 
A) less than 170 mg/dL. 
B) 115 to 129 mg/dL. 
C) less than 110 mg/dL. 
D) 80 to 100 mg/dL.

Question 19

Which of the following decreases in congestive heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A) Beta-natriuretic peptide 
B) Ejection fraction 
C) Cardiac remodeling 
D) Interleukin-1 
A) Beta-natriuretic peptide 
B) Ejection fraction 
C) Cardiac remodeling 
D) Interleukin-1

Question 20

The MNT for patients with hypertriglyceridemia should include

Accepted Answer

A) high amounts of carbohydrate. 
B) soy protein. 
C) 2 to 4 g EPA and DHA per day. 
D) 1 g EPA and DHA per day. 
A) high amounts of carbohydrate. 
B) soy protein. 
C) 2 to 4 g EPA and DHA per day. 
D) 1 g EPA and DHA per day.

Exam 34: Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommendations of the TLC diet for lowering high blood cholesterol?

Which of the following lipoproteins is primary cholesterol carrier in blood?

What is the condition in which severe congestive heart failure is characterized by a state of severe malnutrition?

Which class of drugs reduces LDL levels by inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol?

Which of the following is NOT associated with lowering blood pressure?

Diuretics work to lower blood pressure by

Which of the following promotes homeostatic control of blood pressure in the short term?

Which medical procedure used to treat patients with asymptomatic ischemia or angina involves a balloon?

Which of the following lipoproteins normally returns most of the cholesterol to the liver for disposal via reverse transport?

In regard to food labels, what is the definition of "sodium free?"

Which mineral has been shown to improve (lower) blood pressure when consumed in adequate amounts?

Which of the following lipoproteins is considered to be triglyceride rich?

Which of the following is NOT a proinflammatory marker that increases when endothelial dysfunction leads to unstable plaque formation in atherosclerosis?

Which of the following causes blood pressure to increase?

CVD is the leading cause of death in the United States in

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors used in the Framingham Point Scores for determining 10-year CHD risk?

Which of the following lipoproteins is considered to be the most atherogenic?

The "acceptable" range for LDL cholesterol in 2- to 19-year-old children and young adults is

Which of the following decreases in congestive heart failure?

The MNT for patients with hypertriglyceridemia should include

Digestion, Absorption, Transport, and Excretion of Nutrients

Energy

The Nutrients and Their Metabolism

Intake: Analysis of the Diet

Assessment: Nutritional Genomics

Clinical: Inflammation, Physical and Functional Assessment

Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Clinical: Biochemical Assessment

Clinical: Food-Drug Interactions

Behavioral-Environmental: The Individual in the Community

Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Planning the Diet With Cultural Competency

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Bioactive Substances and Integrative Care

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support Methods

Interventions: Education and Counseling for Behavior Change

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition During Infancy

Nutrition in Childhood

Nutrition in Adolescence

Nutrition in the Adult Years

Nutrition in Aging

Weight Management

Nutrition in Eating Disorders

Nutrition in Exercise and Sports Performance

Nutrition and Bone Health

Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health

Mnt for Food Allergy and Food Intolerance

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Liver, Biliary System, and Exocrine Pancreas Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia of Nondiabetic Origin

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid and Related Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Anemia

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Pulmonary Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Renal Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Cancer

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for HIV and AIDS

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Metabolic Stress: Sepsis, Trauma, Burns, and Surgery

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Rheumatic Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Psychiatric Conditions

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Genetic Metabolic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Developmental Disabilities

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