Exam 32: Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid and Related Disorders

Before 1960, reports surfaced that soy formula-fed infants were developing hypothyroidism.The addition of what supplement to these formulas ameliorated this problem?

Thyroid heath in some adults can be improved by increasing the conversion of T4 to T3.This can be accomplished by:

More than 90% of people with autoimmune thyroid disease have a genetic defect affecting their ability to metabolize what?

A severe systemic illness that causes decreased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, an increased conversion of T3 to the inactive rT3, and decreased binding of thyroid hormones is known as:

Maintaining thyroid hormone function throughout the aging process appears to be an important hallmark of healthy aging.What characteristic is an indicator of thyroid health in centenarians?

Some plant foods (cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage) exert antithyroid activity through what mechanism?

Botanical preparations have been found in animal studies to influence thyroid activity.Commiphora mukul (guggulsterones from guggul extract) has strong thyroid stimulatory action, demonstrated by:

Thyroid health has been shown to be impacted by the elimination of which foods?

Although some T3 is produced in the thyroid, approximately 80% to 85% is generated outside the thyroid in which organs?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by which of the following biochemical and endocrine abnormalities?

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by weight gain, easy bruising, depression, muscle loss, and weakness.It is caused by:

Which of these is NOT a product of the thyroid?

A rare primary adrenal insufficiency in which insufficient levels of steroid hormones are produced despite adequate levels of the hormone ACTH is known as:

Dietary intervention is a key therapeutic tool in managing patients with thyroid disease.In the absence of nutritional deficiencies, what is the main goal of nutritional support?

Characteristics of chronic adrenal stress do NOT include:

Selenium deficiency, inadequate protein, excess carbohydrates, chronic illness, and stress (high cortisol levels) can all impact what thyroid metabolic process?

Which of these is NOT required for the production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)?

Low energy, cold hands and feet, fatigue, hypercholesterolemia, muscle pain, depression, and a positive test result for thyroid peroxidase antibodies could all be indicative of what condition?

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid is diffusely enlarged (goiter) and overactive, producing an excessive amount of thyroid hormones.It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) in the United States.What is the primary target of circulating autoantibodies in this disease?

Iodine deficiency is often a culprit in thyroid disorders.However, in which of these thyroid conditions may supplementing with iodine exacerbate the condition?