Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of using pectin to manage dumping syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced upper gastrointestinal tract transit time 
B) Reduced glycemic load and decreased insulin response 
C) Increased glucose absorption and insulin response 
D) Slow carbohydrate absorption 
A) Reduced upper gastrointestinal tract transit time 
B) Reduced glycemic load and decreased insulin response 
C) Increased glucose absorption and insulin response 
D) Slow carbohydrate absorption C

Question 2

Which of the following is a condition involving the cells lining the distal esophagus becoming abnormal and premalignant?

Accepted Answer

A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease 
B) Esophageal stricture 
C) Hiatal hernia 
D) Barrett's esophagus 
A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease 
B) Esophageal stricture 
C) Hiatal hernia 
D) Barrett's esophagus D

Question 3

Which type of gastric surgery seems to have the most post-surgical complications?

Accepted Answer

A) Billroth I 
B) Billroth II 
C) Vagotomy 
D) Roux-en-Y procedure 
A) Billroth I 
B) Billroth II 
C) Vagotomy 
D) Roux-en-Y procedure B

Question 4

Which of the following statements is NOT associated with Helicobacter pylori?

Accepted Answer

A) H.pylori increases the risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 
B) H.pylori is a viral infection found in the intestine. 
C) H.pylori is a bacterial infection found in the gastric mucosa. 
D) H.pylori infection may be treated with antibiotics and acid suppression therapies. 
A) H.pylori increases the risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 
B) H.pylori is a viral infection found in the intestine. 
C) H.pylori is a bacterial infection found in the gastric mucosa. 
D) H.pylori infection may be treated with antibiotics and acid suppression therapies.

Question 5

When a gastrectomy is performed with an accompanying vagotomy, what physiologic changes occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Antral and pyloric dysfunction, poor peristalsis, and diminished gastric acid secretion 
B) Antral and pyloric dysfunction, poor peristalsis, and high gastric acid secretion 
C) Impaired digestion leading to the need for parenteral nutrition almost all the time 
D) Dysphagia because of a relaxed LES 
A) Antral and pyloric dysfunction, poor peristalsis, and diminished gastric acid secretion 
B) Antral and pyloric dysfunction, poor peristalsis, and high gastric acid secretion 
C) Impaired digestion leading to the need for parenteral nutrition almost all the time 
D) Dysphagia because of a relaxed LES

Question 6

What nutrient has been associated with prevention of GI cancers?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin C 
B) Red wine 
C) Selenium 
D) Protein 
A) Vitamin C 
B) Red wine 
C) Selenium 
D) Protein

Question 7

Treating esophagitis with cimetidine, a histamine H₂-receptor blocking agent, is effective because it

Accepted Answer

A) provides a viscous protective barrier. 
B) decreases gastric acid production. 
C) increases LES pressure. 
D) promotes gastric emptying. 
A) provides a viscous protective barrier. 
B) decreases gastric acid production. 
C) increases LES pressure. 
D) promotes gastric emptying.

Question 8

Which of the following dietary modifications minimize the problems associated with a gastrectomy with a vagotomy?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing carbohydrate intake, particularly simple sugars, and decreasing fat and protein 
B) Decreasing intake of liquids and simple sugars with meals 
C) Reducing the intake of fiber from fruits and vegetables 
D) Increasing the intake of milk at mealtimes and between meals 
A) Increasing carbohydrate intake, particularly simple sugars, and decreasing fat and protein 
B) Decreasing intake of liquids and simple sugars with meals 
C) Reducing the intake of fiber from fruits and vegetables 
D) Increasing the intake of milk at mealtimes and between meals

Question 9

The gastrointestinal effects of smoking include

Accepted Answer

A) reduction of LES pressure. 
B) lower duodenal pH. 
C) inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. 
D) all of the above. 
A) reduction of LES pressure. 
B) lower duodenal pH. 
C) inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. 
D) all of the above.

Question 10

What symptoms of dumping syndrome follow the total or subtotal removal of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) Nausea, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea 
B) Elevated blood pressure, headache, and substernal pain 
C) Heartburn, vomiting blood, and hypoglycemia 
D) Decreased saliva production, steatorrhea, and bloating 
A) Nausea, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea 
B) Elevated blood pressure, headache, and substernal pain 
C) Heartburn, vomiting blood, and hypoglycemia 
D) Decreased saliva production, steatorrhea, and bloating

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT associated with dyspepsia?

Accepted Answer

A) Diet 
B) Abnormal gastric emptying 
C) Being underweight 
D) Upper abdominal discomfort 
A) Diet 
B) Abnormal gastric emptying 
C) Being underweight 
D) Upper abdominal discomfort

Question 12

Evaluation of which of the following should be included in the nutritional assessment of patients with atrophic gastritis?

Accepted Answer

A) Essential fatty acid deficiency 
B) Vitamin B6 status 
C) Vitamin B12 status 
D) Iron-deficiency anemia 
A) Essential fatty acid deficiency 
B) Vitamin B6 status 
C) Vitamin B12 status 
D) Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 13

What types of foods should be avoided in a patient with GERD because they decrease LES pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) High-acid foods 
B) Low-fat milk and yogurt 
C) High-protein foods 
D) Peppermint 
A) High-acid foods 
B) Low-fat milk and yogurt 
C) High-protein foods 
D) Peppermint

Question 14

Which of the following contributes to nighttime GERD?

Accepted Answer

A) Delayed gastric emptying 
B) Increased swallowing 
C) Decreased digestive secretions 
D) Increased saliva production 
A) Delayed gastric emptying 
B) Increased swallowing 
C) Decreased digestive secretions 
D) Increased saliva production

Question 15

Which of the following surgeries would be used to treat a patient with GERD?

Accepted Answer

A) Billroth I 
B) Billroth II 
C) Fundoplication 
D) Roux-en-Y procedure 
A) Billroth I 
B) Billroth II 
C) Fundoplication 
D) Roux-en-Y procedure

Question 16

What causes the hypoglycemia that occurs after meals in patients who have had a gastrectomy?

Accepted Answer

A) Poor dietary intake 
B) Rapid digestion and absorption of sugars and elevation of insulin levels 
C) Pancreatic insufficiency 
D) Elevated levels of secretin and pancreozymin 
A) Poor dietary intake 
B) Rapid digestion and absorption of sugars and elevation of insulin levels 
C) Pancreatic insufficiency 
D) Elevated levels of secretin and pancreozymin

Question 17

What is the major difference between gastric and duodenal ulcers?

Accepted Answer

A) Gastric ulcers can develop with low acid output, and duodenal ulcers develop with high acid secretions. 
B) Gastric ulcers develop with high acid secretion, and duodenal ulcers develop with low acid output. 
C) H.pylori is the primary cause of gastric ulcers. 
D) Gastric ulcers are treated with proton pump inhibitors, and duodenal ulcers are treated with H2-receptor antagonists. 
A) Gastric ulcers can develop with low acid output, and duodenal ulcers develop with high acid secretions. 
B) Gastric ulcers develop with high acid secretion, and duodenal ulcers develop with low acid output. 
C) H.pylori is the primary cause of gastric ulcers. 
D) Gastric ulcers are treated with proton pump inhibitors, and duodenal ulcers are treated with H2-receptor antagonists.

Question 18

When an H₂ blocker is used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, the patient may be at risk for deficiency of which nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin A 
B) Vitamin B6 
C) Vitamin B12 
D) Vitamin D 
A) Vitamin A 
B) Vitamin B6 
C) Vitamin B12 
D) Vitamin D

Question 19

A recommendation to a patient with gastroparesis who needs to gain weight would be:

Accepted Answer

A) increase the amount of dietary fiber. 
B) ingest liquids or pureed foods. 
C) eat more high fat foods. 
D) eat meals and avoid snacks. 
A) increase the amount of dietary fiber. 
B) ingest liquids or pureed foods. 
C) eat more high fat foods. 
D) eat meals and avoid snacks.

Question 20

A patient with gastroparesis may benefit by which of these drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) Metoclopramide 
B) Aspirin 
C) Acarbose 
D) Simethicone 
A) Metoclopramide 
B) Aspirin 
C) Acarbose 
D) Simethicone

Exam 28: Medical Nutrition Therapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of using pectin to manage dumping syndrome?

Which of the following is a condition involving the cells lining the distal esophagus becoming abnormal and premalignant?

Which type of gastric surgery seems to have the most post-surgical complications?

Which of the following statements is NOT associated with Helicobacter pylori?

When a gastrectomy is performed with an accompanying vagotomy, what physiologic changes occur?

What nutrient has been associated with prevention of GI cancers?

Treating esophagitis with cimetidine, a histamine H₂-receptor blocking agent, is effective because it

Which of the following dietary modifications minimize the problems associated with a gastrectomy with a vagotomy?

The gastrointestinal effects of smoking include

What symptoms of dumping syndrome follow the total or subtotal removal of the stomach?

Which of the following is NOT associated with dyspepsia?

Evaluation of which of the following should be included in the nutritional assessment of patients with atrophic gastritis?

What types of foods should be avoided in a patient with GERD because they decrease LES pressure?

Which of the following contributes to nighttime GERD?

Which of the following surgeries would be used to treat a patient with GERD?

What causes the hypoglycemia that occurs after meals in patients who have had a gastrectomy?

What is the major difference between gastric and duodenal ulcers?

When an H₂ blocker is used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, the patient may be at risk for deficiency of which nutrient?

A recommendation to a patient with gastroparesis who needs to gain weight would be:

A patient with gastroparesis may benefit by which of these drugs?

Digestion, Absorption, Transport, and Excretion of Nutrients

Energy

The Nutrients and Their Metabolism

Intake: Analysis of the Diet

Assessment: Nutritional Genomics

Clinical: Inflammation, Physical and Functional Assessment

Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Clinical: Biochemical Assessment

Clinical: Food-Drug Interactions

Behavioral-Environmental: The Individual in the Community

Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Planning the Diet With Cultural Competency

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Bioactive Substances and Integrative Care

Food-Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support Methods

Interventions: Education and Counseling for Behavior Change

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition During Infancy

Nutrition in Childhood

Nutrition in Adolescence

Nutrition in the Adult Years

Nutrition in Aging

Weight Management

Nutrition in Eating Disorders

Nutrition in Exercise and Sports Performance

Nutrition and Bone Health

Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health

Mnt for Food Allergy and Food Intolerance

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Liver, Biliary System, and Exocrine Pancreas Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia of Nondiabetic Origin

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid and Related Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Anemia

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Pulmonary Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Renal Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Cancer

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for HIV and AIDS

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Metabolic Stress: Sepsis, Trauma, Burns, and Surgery

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Rheumatic Disease

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Psychiatric Conditions

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Genetic Metabolic Disorders

Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Developmental Disabilities

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