Question 1

Trace the movement of filtrate through the nephron from the afferent arteriole to the collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

The movement of filtrate through the nep

Question 2

Why would the response of the kidney to arteriosclerosis actually compound the problem of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will not cause any changes in kidney function or status. 
B)  When the kidney responds to widening of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and an increase in kidney perfusion. 
C)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause a decrease in blood pressure and possibly even death. 
D)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and ischemia of kidney tissues. 
A)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will not cause any changes in kidney function or status. 
B)  When the kidney responds to widening of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and an increase in kidney perfusion. 
C)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause a decrease in blood pressure and possibly even death. 
D)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and ischemia of kidney tissues.

Question 3

What structures make up the renal corpuscle?

Accepted Answer

The renal corpuscle is a key structure w

Question 4

A person had been working hard on a hot day and had been perspiring freely and drinking very little water.If a blood sample were taken,would you expect ANH or ADH to have the greater concentration? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

If a person had been working hard on a h

Question 5

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-urethra

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 6

What effect do aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)have on urine volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because water reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules doesn't require ADH, the aldosterone mechanism must work separately from the ADH mechanism to maintain homeostasis of the fluid content in the body. 
B)  Both aldosterone and ADH decrease distal and collecting tubule absorption of sodium, which in turn causes an osmotic imbalance that drives the reabsorption of water from the tubule. 
C)  Because water reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules requires ADH, the aldosterone mechanism must work in concert with the ADH mechanism if homeostasis of the fluid content in the body is to be maintained. 
D)  Both aldosterone and ADH increase distal and collecting tubule absorption of sodium, which in turn causes an osmotic imbalance that stops the reabsorption of water from the tubule. 
A)  Because water reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules doesn't require ADH, the aldosterone mechanism must work separately from the ADH mechanism to maintain homeostasis of the fluid content in the body. 
B)  Both aldosterone and ADH decrease distal and collecting tubule absorption of sodium, which in turn causes an osmotic imbalance that drives the reabsorption of water from the tubule. 
C)  Because water reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules requires ADH, the aldosterone mechanism must work in concert with the ADH mechanism if homeostasis of the fluid content in the body is to be maintained. 
D)  Both aldosterone and ADH increase distal and collecting tubule absorption of sodium, which in turn causes an osmotic imbalance that stops the reabsorption of water from the tubule.

Question 7

The nitrogenous wastes in the urine are usually the result of protein catabolism.They include all except:

Accepted Answer

A)  urea. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  amino acids. 
A)  urea. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  amino acids.

Question 8

Which hormone tends to increase the amount of urine produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  ANH 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  ADH 
D)  Both B and C 
A)  ANH 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  ADH 
D)  Both B and C

Question 9

The function of the urinary bladder is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as a reservoir for urine before it leaves the body. 
B)  expel urine from the body, aided by the urethra. 
C)  help concentrate the urine in periods of dehydration. 
D)  do both A and B. 
A)  serve as a reservoir for urine before it leaves the body. 
B)  expel urine from the body, aided by the urethra. 
C)  help concentrate the urine in periods of dehydration. 
D)  do both A and B.

Question 10

The movement of molecules out of the tubules and into the peritubular blood defines:

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration. 
B)  secretion. 
C)  micturition. 
D)  reabsorption. 
A)  glomerular filtration. 
B)  secretion. 
C)  micturition. 
D)  reabsorption.

Question 11

Which nitrogenous waste is the most abundant found in urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uric acid 
B)  Urea 
C)  Ammonia 
D)  Creatinine 
A)  Uric acid 
B)  Urea 
C)  Ammonia 
D)  Creatinine

Question 12

As the amount of sodium reabsorbed by the distal convoluted tubule increases,the amount of _____ increases.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium ions absorbed also 
B)  hydrogen ions absorbed also 
C)  potassium ions secreted 
D)  Both A and B are correct. 
A)  potassium ions absorbed also 
B)  hydrogen ions absorbed also 
C)  potassium ions secreted 
D)  Both A and B are correct.

Question 13

Corky was in a diving accident that resulted in her spinal cord being severed.She was paralyzed from the waist down and,as a result,became incontinent.Her physician was concerned about the continuous residual urine buildup.What was the reason for this concern?

Accepted Answer

The reason for the physician's concern a

Question 14

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location.
-cup-shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta

Question 15

Of all the blood pumped per minute by the heart,approximately ____ goes through the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 16

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location.
-name given to the blood vessel in Bowman capsule

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta

Question 17

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-descending limb of the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 18

Which of the following is not a part of the glomerular-capsular membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parietal layer of Bowman capsule 
B)  Visceral layer of Bowman capsule 
C)  Glomerular endothelium 
D)  Basement membrane 
A)  Parietal layer of Bowman capsule 
B)  Visceral layer of Bowman capsule 
C)  Glomerular endothelium 
D)  Basement membrane

Question 19

In which parts of the nephron do all of the following functions occur: passive reabsorption,active reabsorption,passive secretion,and active secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule and the renal corpuscle 
B)  Collecting duct and the distal tubule 
C)  Collecting duct and the ascending limb of Henle 
D)  Collecting duct and the descending limb of Henle 
A)  Proximal tubule and the renal corpuscle 
B)  Collecting duct and the distal tubule 
C)  Collecting duct and the ascending limb of Henle 
D)  Collecting duct and the descending limb of Henle

Question 20

Urine formation involves all the following processes except:

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration. 
B)  catabolism. 
C)  reabsorption. 
D)  secretion. 
A)  filtration. 
B)  catabolism. 
C)  reabsorption. 
D)  secretion.

Exam 31: B: Urinary System

Trace the movement of filtrate through the nephron from the afferent arteriole to the collecting duct.

Why would the response of the kidney to arteriosclerosis actually compound the problem of hypertension?

What structures make up the renal corpuscle?

A person had been working hard on a hot day and had been perspiring freely and drinking very little water.If a blood sample were taken,would you expect ANH or ADH to have the greater concentration? Explain your answer.

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -urethra

What effect do aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)have on urine volume?

The nitrogenous wastes in the urine are usually the result of protein catabolism.They include all except:

Which hormone tends to increase the amount of urine produced?

The function of the urinary bladder is to:

The movement of molecules out of the tubules and into the peritubular blood defines:

Which nitrogenous waste is the most abundant found in urine?

As the amount of sodium reabsorbed by the distal convoluted tubule increases,the amount of _____ increases.

Corky was in a diving accident that resulted in her spinal cord being severed.She was paralyzed from the waist down and,as a result,became incontinent.Her physician was concerned about the continuous residual urine buildup.What was the reason for this concern?

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -cup-shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus

Of all the blood pumped per minute by the heart,approximately ____ goes through the kidneys.

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -name given to the blood vessel in Bowman capsule

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -descending limb of the loop of Henle

Which of the following is not a part of the glomerular-capsular membrane?

In which parts of the nephron do all of the following functions occur: passive reabsorption,active reabsorption,passive secretion,and active secretion?

Urine formation involves all the following processes except:

A: Organization of the Body

B: Organization of the Body

A: The Chemical Basis of Life

B: The Chemical Basis of Life

A: Anatomy of Cells

B: Anatomy of Cells

Physiology of Cells

Cell Growth and Reproduction

Tissues

A: Skin and Its Appendages

B: Skin and Its Appendages

A: Skeletal Tissues

B: Skeletal Tissues

Skeletal System

A: Articulations

B: Articulations

A: Anatomy of the Muscular System

B: Anatomy of the Muscular System

A: Physiology of the Muscular System

B: Physiology of the Muscular System

A: Nervous System Cells

B: Nervous System Cells

A: Central Nervous System

B: Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

A: Sense Organs

B: Sense Organs

Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System

A: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

B: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System

A: Immune System

B: Immune System

Stress

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

A: Physiology of the Respiratory System

B: Physiology of the Respiratory System

A: Anatomy of the Digestive System

B: Anatomy of the Digestive System

A: Physiology of the Digestive System

B: Physiology of the Digestive System

A: Nutrition and Metabolism

B: Nutrition and Metabolism

A: Urinary System

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid-Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

A: Female Reproductive System

B: Female Reproductive System

A: Growth and Development

B: Growth and Development

A: Genetics and Heredity

B: Genetics and Heredity

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