Exam 8: Global Stratification

The most widely known development theory is __________, which is a perspective that links global inequality to different levels of economic development and suggests that low-income economies can move to middle- and high-income economies by achieving self-sustained economic growth.

The __________, named after a U.S. Secretary of State, provided massive sums of money in direct aid and loans to rebuild the European economic base destroyed during World War II.

The fourth stage of Rostow's stages of economic development is __________ and is accompanied by a high standard of living.

Child labor is recognized around the world as a taboo to the extent that there are now fewer than 50,000 children engaged in labor.

The primary means used in attempts to reduce inequality and alleviate the worst effects of poverty in the less industrialized nations of the world is __________.

Describe the "Three Worlds" approach that is used to classify nations of the world.

The __________ is a measure of the number of deaths per thousand live births in a calendar year.

Explain the various measures of poverty and inequality. Discuss the difficulties in obtaining accurate data for measuring poverty and inequality.

Compared with lower-middle-income economies, nations having upper-middle-income economies typically __________.

The bottom three countries in human development are located in __________.

The average life expectancy at birth of people in low-HDI countries is about __________ years less than that of people in very-high-HDI nations.

Human development research has reached the conclusion that_________________.

From the perspective of new international division of labor theory,_______________.

Only high-income countries are relatively unaffected by capital flight.

The second of Rostow's stages of economic development is the __________ stage, which is a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism, competition, and achievement.

Countries with low-income economies_____________________________.

The United Nations Development Programme uses a multidimensional measure of poverty. What are the dimensions used in the multidimensional poverty index (MPI)?​

Distinguish among absolute, relative, and subjective poverty.

Low-income countries are primarily __________, and have little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income.