Exam 8: Global Stratification

_________ poverty is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

The movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another is termed __________.

After several decades of development programs sponsored by the World Bank and the United Nations, global poverty __________.

__________ poverty is measured by comparing personal or household income or expenses with the cost of buying a given quantity of goods and services.

Almost all commodity production today involves a producer-driven commodity chain.

A condition in which people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life is called __________.

The only significant group of middle- and lower-income economies to close the gap with the high-income economies over the past few decades has been the nations of __________.

The terms used to describe global stratification and economic inequality are the same today as they were 60 years ago.

Dependency theory has little or no relevance for the economic growth and development in __________.

According to __________, poorer nations cannot pursue their own economic and human development because they are trapped in a cycle of reliance on the richer nations for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.

__________ refers to the closing of plants and factories because of their obsolescence or because workers in other nations are being hired to do the work more cheaply.

A Gini coefficient of 0 means that________________________________.

Global stratification_________________________________________.

Throughout the world, even in remote and rural areas, people are benefiting from the economic development of low- and middle-income countries.

According to __________, the low-income, less-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs, values, and attitudes toward work.

The United States, Canada, Japan, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand are examples of __________ nations.

Explain the new international division of labor theory, including descriptions of the two types of global commodity chains.

The term __________ refers to material well-being that can be measured by the quality of goods and services that may be purchased by the per capita national income.

The __________ measures the degree of income inequality within a country. The measure ranges from zero (meaning that everyone has the same income) to 100 (meaning that one person receives all the income).

Probably the most affected by poverty in low-income economies are __________.