Question 1

Explain how selective attention can be good or bad in a situation such as witnessing a robbery.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention can be both good and

Question 2

__________ refers to the visual pursuit of a particular characteristic by means of scanning the environment for the characteristic.

Accepted Answer

A) Feature search 
B) Characteristic selectivity 
C) Signal scanning 
D) Visual selective attention 
A) Feature search 
B) Characteristic selectivity 
C) Signal scanning 
D) Visual selective attention

Question 3

First describe the data that has been problematic for the filter theories,and then explain how each model handles the data.

Accepted Answer

The data that has been problematic for f

Question 4

You are watching your favorite TV show when a friend enters the room and wants to engage you in conversation.You really want to watch your show,but know that you should attend to the conversation.You try to do both.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) selective attention. 
B) feature search. 
C) divided attention. 
D) signal detection theory. 
A) selective attention. 
B) feature search. 
C) divided attention. 
D) signal detection theory.

Question 5

This brain structure appears to be important in the regulation of vigilance.

Accepted Answer

A) frontal lobe 
B) occipital cortex 
C) amygdala 
D) pons 
A) frontal lobe 
B) occipital cortex 
C) amygdala 
D) pons

Question 6

Often motorcycles are involved in accidents in which the people that hit them claim that they did not see the motorcycle.How might selective attention be used to explain this,and what might be done to change it?

Accepted Answer

Selective attention refers to the proces

Question 7

Fred needs to find a particular furniture store in a busy shopping area.Yet,this particular shop has no unique features to help him recognize it,other than the store's name.Thus,Fred must read each store's name and compare it to the target shop's name.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) characteristic selectivity. 
B) visual selective attention. 
C) conjunction search. 
D) feature search. 
A) characteristic selectivity. 
B) visual selective attention. 
C) conjunction search. 
D) feature search.

Question 8

__________ refers to a temporary physiological response to a sensed change in the environment,which is generally not subject to conscious control and which does not depend on previous experience with the given type of environmental change.

Accepted Answer

A) Habituation 
B) Sensory adaptation 
C) Proceduralization 
D) Automatization 
A) Habituation 
B) Sensory adaptation 
C) Proceduralization 
D) Automatization

Question 9

The automatic processes of habituation and dishabituation occur

Accepted Answer

A) only in adults. 
B) in a variety of animal species. 
C) only in infants. 
D) only in mammals. 
A) only in adults. 
B) in a variety of animal species. 
C) only in infants. 
D) only in mammals.

Question 10

The main difference between habituation and sensory adaptation is that habituation

Accepted Answer

A) does not involve sensory stimuli and sensory adaptation does. 
B) is not always adaptive,whereas sensory adaptation is. 
C) refers to habits,and sensory adaptation does not. 
D) involves some conscious control over whether to notice something to which one has become habituated,whereas one has no such control over sensory adaptation. 
A) does not involve sensory stimuli and sensory adaptation does. 
B) is not always adaptive,whereas sensory adaptation is. 
C) refers to habits,and sensory adaptation does not. 
D) involves some conscious control over whether to notice something to which one has become habituated,whereas one has no such control over sensory adaptation.

Question 11

This model of selective attention proposes that there are three stages of processing,and that selection of one incoming message over another can take place during any of the three stages.

Accepted Answer

A) the multimode theory 
B) Deutsch and Deutsch's Late Filter Model 
C) divided attention 
D) Neisser's Synthesis 
A) the multimode theory 
B) Deutsch and Deutsch's Late Filter Model 
C) divided attention 
D) Neisser's Synthesis

Question 12

Trying to locate a particular shop in a crowded shopping center or a particular key term in a large list of terms are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) selective attention. 
B) vigilance. 
C) search. 
D) multiple-task processing. 
A) selective attention. 
B) vigilance. 
C) search. 
D) multiple-task processing.

Question 13

According to the __________ theories of attention,information is selectively blocked out or attenuated as it passes from one level of processing to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) attentional-resource 
B) filter and bottleneck 
C) neurological 
D) signal-detection 
A) attentional-resource 
B) filter and bottleneck 
C) neurological 
D) signal-detection

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the capacity model of attention?

Accepted Answer

A) Attention has a filter that can move dependent on the level of meaning we assign to it. 
B) Attention has several filters at the sensory level. 
C) We have a fixed amount of attention that we can use on multiple tasks. 
D) None of the above. 
A) Attention has a filter that can move dependent on the level of meaning we assign to it. 
B) Attention has several filters at the sensory level. 
C) We have a fixed amount of attention that we can use on multiple tasks. 
D) None of the above.

Question 15

Compare and contrast the filter or bottleneck theories of attention with the attentional-resource theories of attention.

Accepted Answer

The filter or bottleneck theories of att

Question 16

__________ refers to an experimental task in which you listen to two different messages and then are required to repeat back only one of the messages as soon as possible after you hear it,ignoring the other.

Accepted Answer

A) Selective listening 
B) Shadowing 
C) Unilateral attention 
D) Uniaural listening task 
A) Selective listening 
B) Shadowing 
C) Unilateral attention 
D) Uniaural listening task

Question 17

When scanning a scene for a particular item/person,the target stimulus that you are attempting to detect is called a

Accepted Answer

A) movement-filter theory. 
B) signal. 
C) false alarm. 
D) dishabituation. 
A) movement-filter theory. 
B) signal. 
C) false alarm. 
D) dishabituation.

Question 18

Based on research on vigilance and signal detection described in the text,what advice would you give to an air-traffic controller who was interested in avoiding misses as well as false alarms? Explain.

Accepted Answer

As an air-traffic controller, it is cruc

Question 19

__________ refers to a main task for which we use our attention,in which we watchfully wait to detect the appearance of a particular stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) Selective attention 
B) Vigilance 
C) Search 
D) Multiple-task processing 
A) Selective attention 
B) Vigilance 
C) Search 
D) Multiple-task processing

Question 20

This model,_____,suggests that all searches,whether conjunctive or feature,involve two stages.The first stage,operating in parallel,identifies information for further processing that occurs in the second stage,which occurs serially.

Accepted Answer

A) guided search theory 
B) movement-filter theory 
C) Broadbent's model 
D) similarity theory 
A) guided search theory 
B) movement-filter theory 
C) Broadbent's model 
D) similarity theory

Explain how selective attention can be good or bad in a situation such as witnessing a robbery.

__________ refers to the visual pursuit of a particular characteristic by means of scanning the environment for the characteristic.

First describe the data that has been problematic for the filter theories,and then explain how each model handles the data.

You are watching your favorite TV show when a friend enters the room and wants to engage you in conversation.You really want to watch your show,but know that you should attend to the conversation.You try to do both.This is an example of

This brain structure appears to be important in the regulation of vigilance.

Often motorcycles are involved in accidents in which the people that hit them claim that they did not see the motorcycle.How might selective attention be used to explain this,and what might be done to change it?

Fred needs to find a particular furniture store in a busy shopping area.Yet,this particular shop has no unique features to help him recognize it,other than the store's name.Thus,Fred must read each store's name and compare it to the target shop's name.This illustrates

__________ refers to a temporary physiological response to a sensed change in the environment,which is generally not subject to conscious control and which does not depend on previous experience with the given type of environmental change.

The automatic processes of habituation and dishabituation occur

The main difference between habituation and sensory adaptation is that habituation

This model of selective attention proposes that there are three stages of processing,and that selection of one incoming message over another can take place during any of the three stages.

Trying to locate a particular shop in a crowded shopping center or a particular key term in a large list of terms are examples of

According to the __________ theories of attention,information is selectively blocked out or attenuated as it passes from one level of processing to the next.

Which of the following best describes the capacity model of attention?

Compare and contrast the filter or bottleneck theories of attention with the attentional-resource theories of attention.

__________ refers to an experimental task in which you listen to two different messages and then are required to repeat back only one of the messages as soon as possible after you hear it,ignoring the other.

When scanning a scene for a particular item/person,the target stimulus that you are attempting to detect is called a

Based on research on vigilance and signal detection described in the text,what advice would you give to an air-traffic controller who was interested in avoiding misses as well as false alarms? Explain.

__________ refers to a main task for which we use our attention,in which we watchfully wait to detect the appearance of a particular stimulus.

This model,_____,suggests that all searches,whether conjunctive or feature,involve two stages.The first stage,operating in parallel,identifies information for further processing that occurs in the second stage,which occurs serially.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Memory: Models and Research Methods

Memory Processes

The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions

The Organization of Knowledge in the Mind

Language

Language in Context

Problem Solving and Creativity

Decision Making and Reasoning

Filters

Exam 4: Attention and Consciousness

Explain how selective attention can be good or bad in a situation such as witnessing a robbery.

__________ refers to the visual pursuit of a particular characteristic by means of scanning the environment for the characteristic.

First describe the data that has been problematic for the filter theories,and then explain how each model handles the data.

You are watching your favorite TV show when a friend enters the room and wants to engage you in conversation.You really want to watch your show,but know that you should attend to the conversation.You try to do both.This is an example of

This brain structure appears to be important in the regulation of vigilance.

Often motorcycles are involved in accidents in which the people that hit them claim that they did not see the motorcycle.How might selective attention be used to explain this,and what might be done to change it?

Fred needs to find a particular furniture store in a busy shopping area.Yet,this particular shop has no unique features to help him recognize it,other than the store's name.Thus,Fred must read each store's name and compare it to the target shop's name.This illustrates

__________ refers to a temporary physiological response to a sensed change in the environment,which is generally not subject to conscious control and which does not depend on previous experience with the given type of environmental change.

The automatic processes of habituation and dishabituation occur

The main difference between habituation and sensory adaptation is that habituation

This model of selective attention proposes that there are three stages of processing,and that selection of one incoming message over another can take place during any of the three stages.

Trying to locate a particular shop in a crowded shopping center or a particular key term in a large list of terms are examples of

According to the __________ theories of attention,information is selectively blocked out or attenuated as it passes from one level of processing to the next.

Which of the following best describes the capacity model of attention?

Compare and contrast the filter or bottleneck theories of attention with the attentional-resource theories of attention.

__________ refers to an experimental task in which you listen to two different messages and then are required to repeat back only one of the messages as soon as possible after you hear it,ignoring the other.

When scanning a scene for a particular item/person,the target stimulus that you are attempting to detect is called a

Based on research on vigilance and signal detection described in the text,what advice would you give to an air-traffic controller who was interested in avoiding misses as well as false alarms? Explain.

__________ refers to a main task for which we use our attention,in which we watchfully wait to detect the appearance of a particular stimulus.

This model,_____,suggests that all searches,whether conjunctive or feature,involve two stages.The first stage,operating in parallel,identifies information for further processing that occurs in the second stage,which occurs serially.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Memory: Models and Research Methods

Memory Processes

The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions

The Organization of Knowledge in the Mind

Language

Language in Context

Problem Solving and Creativity

Decision Making and Reasoning

Filters