Question 1

Which of the following is not true regarding target cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have receptors for a specific hormone. 
B)  They can be anywhere in the body. 
C)  They are associated with synapses. 
D)  They can respond to more than one hormone if they have receptors for each one. 
E)  If a target cell lacks receptors for a hormone then it cannot bind that hormone. 
A)  They have receptors for a specific hormone. 
B)  They can be anywhere in the body. 
C)  They are associated with synapses. 
D)  They can respond to more than one hormone if they have receptors for each one. 
E)  If a target cell lacks receptors for a hormone then it cannot bind that hormone.

Question 2

Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphysealplates?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  cortisol 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  epinephrine

Question 3

The two lobes of the pituitary gland together produce or store how many hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  16 
A)  3 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  16

Question 4

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause

Accepted Answer

A)  dwarfism. 
B)  rickets. 
C)  gigantism. 
D)  acromegaly. 
E)  diabetes insipidus. 
A)  dwarfism. 
B)  rickets. 
C)  gigantism. 
D)  acromegaly. 
E)  diabetes insipidus.

Question 5

The term used to describe excess production of urine is

Accepted Answer

A)  polyuria. 
B)  polydipsia. 
C)  hematuria. 
D)  glycosuria. 
E)  polyphagia. 
A)  polyuria. 
B)  polydipsia. 
C)  hematuria. 
D)  glycosuria. 
E)  polyphagia.

Question 6

Cells in the brain

Accepted Answer

A)  can absorb glucose without insulin stimulation. 
B)  prefer fats to glucose for energy production. 
C)  are sensitive to insulin but not to glucagon. 
D)  are very sensitive to high concentrations of glucagon. 
E)  can store glycogen, to be used later for glucose release. 
A)  can absorb glucose without insulin stimulation. 
B)  prefer fats to glucose for energy production. 
C)  are sensitive to insulin but not to glucagon. 
D)  are very sensitive to high concentrations of glucagon. 
E)  can store glycogen, to be used later for glucose release.

Question 7

The hormone that plays a pivotal role in setting the metabolic rate and thus impacting body temperatureis

Accepted Answer

A)  somatotropin. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  calcitonin. 
D)  parathyroid hormone. 
E)  glucagon. 
A)  somatotropin. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  calcitonin. 
D)  parathyroid hormone. 
E)  glucagon.

Question 8

Cholecalciferol is synthesized within the

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow of the skeletal system. 
B)  splenic pulp of the lymphatic system. 
C)  endothelial linings of the cardiovascular system. 
D)  hypothalamus of the nervous system. 
E)  epidermis of the integumentary system. 
A)  bone marrow of the skeletal system. 
B)  splenic pulp of the lymphatic system. 
C)  endothelial linings of the cardiovascular system. 
D)  hypothalamus of the nervous system. 
E)  epidermis of the integumentary system.

Question 9

Describe the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) that constitute the body's response tostress. Which endocrine secretions play dominant roles in the alarm and resistance phases?

Accepted Answer

The three phases are alarm, resistance,

Question 10

Where does the chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  in lysosomes 
B)  in rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  in the follicle cavity 
D)  in pinocytotic vesicles 
E)  in apical microvilli 
A)  in lysosomes 
B)  in rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  in the follicle cavity 
D)  in pinocytotic vesicles 
E)  in apical microvilli

Question 11

The humoral control of hormone release may be triggered which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood level of an ion like calcium 
B)  blood level of a pituitary hormone 
C)  blood level of a hypothalamic hormone 
D)  nervous stimuli 
E)  neurotransmitter activation 
A)  blood level of an ion like calcium 
B)  blood level of a pituitary hormone 
C)  blood level of a hypothalamic hormone 
D)  nervous stimuli 
E)  neurotransmitter activation

Question 12

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called

Accepted Answer

A)  gonadotrophins. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  hepatic hormones. 
D)  somatomedins. 
E)  glucocorticoids. 
A)  gonadotrophins. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  hepatic hormones. 
D)  somatomedins. 
E)  glucocorticoids.

Question 13

Which group of hormones cause an anti-inflammatory action?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroglobulins 
B)  mineralocorticoids 
C)  pancreatic hormones 
D)  antidiuretic hormones 
E)  glucocorticoids 
A)  thyroglobulins 
B)  mineralocorticoids 
C)  pancreatic hormones 
D)  antidiuretic hormones 
E)  glucocorticoids

Question 14

Akinase is an enzyme that performs

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylation. 
B)  as a membrane channel. 
C)  active transport. 
D)  protein synthesis. 
E)  as an antibody. 
A)  phosphorylation. 
B)  as a membrane channel. 
C)  active transport. 
D)  protein synthesis. 
E)  as an antibody.

Question 15

Which problem is related to untreated diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to the retina 
B)  neuropathy 
C)  gastric ulcers 
D)  goiter 
E)  retinal problems and nerve problems 
A)  damage to the retina 
B)  neuropathy 
C)  gastric ulcers 
D)  goiter 
E)  retinal problems and nerve problems

Question 16

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol. 
B)  somatotropin. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  aldosterone. 
A)  cortisol. 
B)  somatotropin. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  aldosterone.

Question 17

Activity of which of the following cells is inhibited by calcitonin release?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha cells 
B)  osteoclasts 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  C cells 
E)  all cells in the body 
A)  alpha cells 
B)  osteoclasts 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  C cells 
E)  all cells in the body

Question 18

The adrenal medulla primarily secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  cortisol. 
E)  aldosterone. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  cortisol. 
E)  aldosterone.

Question 19

The effects of this hormone oppose aldosterone.

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  inhibin 
D)  atrial natriuretic peptide 
E)  renin 
A)  ADH 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  inhibin 
D)  atrial natriuretic peptide 
E)  renin

Question 20

Why might someone want to take erythropoietin in a non-medical situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  to increase muscle mass 
B)  to sleep 
C)  to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina 
D)  to increase the chance of getting pregnant 
E)  to increase sex drive 
A)  to increase muscle mass 
B)  to sleep 
C)  to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina 
D)  to increase the chance of getting pregnant 
E)  to increase sex drive

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Which of the following is not true regarding target cells?

Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphysealplates?

The two lobes of the pituitary gland together produce or store how many hormones?

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause

The term used to describe excess production of urine is

Cells in the brain

The hormone that plays a pivotal role in setting the metabolic rate and thus impacting body temperatureis

Cholecalciferol is synthesized within the

Describe the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) that constitute the body's response tostress. Which endocrine secretions play dominant roles in the alarm and resistance phases?

Where does the chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine take place?

The humoral control of hormone release may be triggered which of the following factors?

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called

Which group of hormones cause an anti-inflammatory action?

Akinase is an enzyme that performs

Which problem is related to untreated diabetes mellitus?

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

Activity of which of the following cells is inhibited by calcitonin release?

The adrenal medulla primarily secretes

The effects of this hormone oppose aldosterone.

Why might someone want to take erythropoietin in a non-medical situation?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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