Question 1

The most complex endocrine responses involve the

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  adrenal glands. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  thymus gland. 
A)  thyroid gland. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  adrenal glands. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  thymus gland.

Question 2

The adrenal medulla produces the hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  synephrine and neosynephrine. 
B)  epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
C)  corticosterone and testosterone. 
D)  androgens and progesterone. 
E)  cortisone and cortisol. 
A)  synephrine and neosynephrine. 
B)  epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
C)  corticosterone and testosterone. 
D)  androgens and progesterone. 
E)  cortisone and cortisol.

Question 3

A tumor present on the parathyroid gland causing hyperparathyroidism may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoporosis and kidney stones. 
B)  diabetes mellitus and hypercortisolism. 
C)  diabetes mellitus. 
D)  diabetes insipidus. 
E)  hypogonadism. 
A)  osteoporosis and kidney stones. 
B)  diabetes mellitus and hypercortisolism. 
C)  diabetes mellitus. 
D)  diabetes insipidus. 
E)  hypogonadism.

Question 4

Thyroid hormones are structural derivatives of the amino acid

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamic acid. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  tyrosine. 
E)  glycine. 
A)  glutamic acid. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  tyrosine. 
E)  glycine.

Question 5

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets
  
Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the hormone labeled "1."

Accepted Answer

A)  mineralocorticoid 
B)  cortisol 
C)  dopamine 
D)  ACTH 
E)  aldosterone 
A)  mineralocorticoid 
B)  cortisol 
C)  dopamine 
D)  ACTH 
E)  aldosterone

Question 6

If a patient is administered a powerful glucocorticoid (such as prednisone) to suppress the immune system,what unintended effects might this have on blood chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase of sodium 
B)  decrease of sodium 
C)  increase of blood glucose 
D)  decrease of blood glucose 
E)  both an increase in insulin and an increase in glucose 
A)  increase of sodium 
B)  decrease of sodium 
C)  increase of blood glucose 
D)  decrease of blood glucose 
E)  both an increase in insulin and an increase in glucose

Question 7

The hormone that opposes the release of FSH in both males and females is

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone. 
B)  LH. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  somatostatin. 
A)  testosterone. 
B)  LH. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  somatostatin.

Question 8

Which of the following is false concerning melatonin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exposure to light inhibits production. 
B)  Exposure to light stimulates production. 
C)  It inhibits releases of GnRH. 
D)  It is produced by pinealocytes. 
E)  It is made from serotonin. 
A)  Exposure to light inhibits production. 
B)  Exposure to light stimulates production. 
C)  It inhibits releases of GnRH. 
D)  It is produced by pinealocytes. 
E)  It is made from serotonin.

Question 9

A patient is receiving exogenous cortisol in the form of hydrocortisone shots for a sinus infection. Theirnatural adrenal secretion of cortisol will decrease due to negative feedback on the ________ reducing the secretion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus; ACTH 
B)  anterior pituitary; CRH 
C)  hypothalamus; cortisol 
D)  anterior pituitary; cortisol 
E)  anterior pituitary; ACTH 
A)  hypothalamus; ACTH 
B)  anterior pituitary; CRH 
C)  hypothalamus; cortisol 
D)  anterior pituitary; cortisol 
E)  anterior pituitary; ACTH

Question 10

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-In a typical regulation pattern of endocrine secretion, which hormone is responsible for negative feedback?(Figure 18-8)

Accepted Answer

A)  the releasing hormone 
B)  hormone 1 from the pituitary gland 
C)  hormone 2 from the endocrine target gland 
D)  the inhibiting hormone 
E)  the posterior pituitary hormone 
A)  the releasing hormone 
B)  hormone 1 from the pituitary gland 
C)  hormone 2 from the endocrine target gland 
D)  the inhibiting hormone 
E)  the posterior pituitary hormone

Question 11

Communication between cells is key to organism-level regulation of the internal environment to maintain health, that is, nearly constant internal conditions (homeostasis). Outline and compare the intercellular communication pathways that function to provide homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

Intercellular communication occurs large

Question 12

All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced by the adrenal medulla. 
B)  are derived from cholesterol. 
C)  are produced by reproductive glands. 
D)  bind to receptors within the cell. 
E)  are lipids. 
A)  are produced by the adrenal medulla. 
B)  are derived from cholesterol. 
C)  are produced by reproductive glands. 
D)  bind to receptors within the cell. 
E)  are lipids.

Question 13

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-What hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and how does their release differfrom hormones released by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland? (Figure 18-9)

Accepted Answer

A)  melanocyte stimulating hormone and growth hormone; posterior pituitary hormones are released in response to circadian rhythms 
B)  LH and FSH; posterior pituitary hormones are released at puberty 
C)  epinephrine and norepinephrine; posterior pituitary hormones are released following neural stimulation by the SNS 
D)  ADH and oxytocin; posterior pituitary hormones are released following stimulation by hypothalamic releasing hormones 
E)  ADH and oxytocin; posterior pituitary hormones are released directly from the hypothalamus 
A)  melanocyte stimulating hormone and growth hormone; posterior pituitary hormones are released in response to circadian rhythms 
B)  LH and FSH; posterior pituitary hormones are released at puberty 
C)  epinephrine and norepinephrine; posterior pituitary hormones are released following neural stimulation by the SNS 
D)  ADH and oxytocin; posterior pituitary hormones are released following stimulation by hypothalamic releasing hormones 
E)  ADH and oxytocin; posterior pituitary hormones are released directly from the hypothalamus

Question 14

The hormone related to appetite control is

Accepted Answer

A)  thymosin. 
B)  brain natriuretic peptide. 
C)  melanin. 
D)  leptin. 
E)  erythropoietin. 
A)  thymosin. 
B)  brain natriuretic peptide. 
C)  melanin. 
D)  leptin. 
E)  erythropoietin.

Question 15

Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid 
B)  adrenal (suprarenal) 
C)  pituitary 
D)  pancreas 
E)  thymus 
A)  thyroid 
B)  adrenal (suprarenal) 
C)  pituitary 
D)  pancreas 
E)  thymus

Question 16

Follicle cells synthesize a protein called

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin. 
B)  thyroglobulin. 
C)  transthyretin. 
D)  albumin. 
E)  colloid. 
A)  calcitonin. 
B)  thyroglobulin. 
C)  transthyretin. 
D)  albumin. 
E)  colloid.

Question 17

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

Accepted Answer

A)  acromegaly. 
B)  goiter. 
C)  diabetes mellitus. 
D)  diabetes insipidus. 
E)  Addison's disease. 
A)  acromegaly. 
B)  goiter. 
C)  diabetes mellitus. 
D)  diabetes insipidus. 
E)  Addison's disease.

Question 18

The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  MSH. 
E)  ACTH. 
A)  FSH. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  MSH. 
E)  ACTH.

Question 19

One cause for insulin resistance in non-insulin dependent (Type II) diabetes is

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin receptor up-regulation. 
B)  decreased insulin secretion. 
C)  decreased cortisol secretion. 
D)  insulin receptor down-regulation. 
E)  cortisol receptor up-regulation. 
A)  insulin receptor up-regulation. 
B)  decreased insulin secretion. 
C)  decreased cortisol secretion. 
D)  insulin receptor down-regulation. 
E)  cortisol receptor up-regulation.

Question 20

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets
  
Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the hormone labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid-releasing hormone 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  thyrotropin 
E)  parathyroid hormone (PTH) 
A)  thyroid-releasing hormone 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  thyrotropin 
E)  parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

The most complex endocrine responses involve the

The adrenal medulla produces the hormones

A tumor present on the parathyroid gland causing hyperparathyroidism may lead to

Thyroid hormones are structural derivatives of the amino acid

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the hormone labeled "1."

If a patient is administered a powerful glucocorticoid (such as prednisone) to suppress the immune system,what unintended effects might this have on blood chemistry?

The hormone that opposes the release of FSH in both males and females is

Which of the following is false concerning melatonin?

A patient is receiving exogenous cortisol in the form of hydrocortisone shots for a sinus infection. Theirnatural adrenal secretion of cortisol will decrease due to negative feedback on the ________ reducing the secretion of ________.

In-Text Figure Based Questions -In a typical regulation pattern of endocrine secretion, which hormone is responsible for negative feedback?(Figure 18-8)

Communication between cells is key to organism-level regulation of the internal environment to maintain health, that is, nearly constant internal conditions (homeostasis). Outline and compare the intercellular communication pathways that function to provide homeostasis.

All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they

In-Text Figure Based Questions -What hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and how does their release differfrom hormones released by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland? (Figure 18-9)

The hormone related to appetite control is

Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to stress?

Follicle cells synthesize a protein called

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is

One cause for insulin resistance in non-insulin dependent (Type II) diabetes is

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the hormone labeled "5."

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

A patient is receiving exogenous cortisol in the form of hydrocortisone shots for a sinus infection. Theirnatural adrenal secretion of cortisol will decrease due to negative feedback on the reducing the secretion of .