Question 1

Excess production of hormones by the zona reticularis may lead to which disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosteronism 
B)  gigantism 
C)  pheochromocytoma 
D)  adrenogenital syndrome 
E)  Cushing's disease 
A)  aldosteronism 
B)  gigantism 
C)  pheochromocytoma 
D)  adrenogenital syndrome 
E)  Cushing's disease

Question 2

Two hormones that have additive effects are called

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonists. 
B)  agonists. 
C)  resistors. 
D)  synergists. 
E)  adjuvants. 
A)  antagonists. 
B)  agonists. 
C)  resistors. 
D)  synergists. 
E)  adjuvants.

Question 3

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  cortisol. 
E)  peptide P. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  cortisol. 
E)  peptide P.

Question 4

The heart secretes the hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  thymosin. 
D)  thyroxine. 
E)  atrial natriuretic peptide. 
A)  progesterone. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  thymosin. 
D)  thyroxine. 
E)  atrial natriuretic peptide.

Question 5

All of the following are known effects of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissues except

Accepted Answer

A)  increased oxygen consumption. 
B)  increased heart rate. 
C)  increased sensitivity to autonomic stimulation. 
D)  increased body temperature. 
E)  decreased cellular metabolism. 
A)  increased oxygen consumption. 
B)  increased heart rate. 
C)  increased sensitivity to autonomic stimulation. 
D)  increased body temperature. 
E)  decreased cellular metabolism.

Question 6

In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus all of the following are true, except

Accepted Answer

A)  blood glucose levels are very high. 
B)  excessive thirst is shown. 
C)  glucose is present in the urine in large amounts. 
D)  a large excretion of urine occurs. 
E)  intracellular and tissue levels of glucose is very high. 
A)  blood glucose levels are very high. 
B)  excessive thirst is shown. 
C)  glucose is present in the urine in large amounts. 
D)  a large excretion of urine occurs. 
E)  intracellular and tissue levels of glucose is very high.

Question 7

Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  TSH. 
E)  LH. 
A)  ACTH. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  TSH. 
E)  LH.

Question 8

The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  norepinephrine. 
A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  norepinephrine.

Question 9

At about 4pm in the afternoon, you could expect that ________ will be released if you have not eaten since12pm.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  melatonin 
D)  pancreatic polypeptide 
E)  insulin and glucagon 
A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  melatonin 
D)  pancreatic polypeptide 
E)  insulin and glucagon

Question 10

Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include all ofthefollowing except

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides. 
B)  steroids. 
C)  eicosanoids. 
D)  amino acid derivatives. 
E)  acetylcholine derivatives. 
A)  peptides. 
B)  steroids. 
C)  eicosanoids. 
D)  amino acid derivatives. 
E)  acetylcholine derivatives.

Question 11

Which of the following hormones increases and prolongs effects of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  acetylcholine 
A)  cortisol 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  acetylcholine

Question 12

Hypophyseal portal system capillaries are

Accepted Answer

A)  lined by tight junctions. 
B)  lined by microglial cells. 
C)  fenestrated. 
D)  impermeable. 
E)  lined by podocytes. 
A)  lined by tight junctions. 
B)  lined by microglial cells. 
C)  fenestrated. 
D)  impermeable. 
E)  lined by podocytes.

Question 13

Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of target cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  catecholamines 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  kinases 
D)  genes 
E)  acetylcholine 
A)  catecholamines 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  kinases 
D)  genes 
E)  acetylcholine

Question 14

When patients who are receiving glucocorticoid therapy (for example, with prednisone need to stop takingit,the doctor will prescribe a series of doses of tapering size to gradually lower the dose rather than suddenly stop it. Explain this dosage strategy in terms of the negative feedback control of cortisol secretion.

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids inhibit the production o

Question 15

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is

Accepted Answer

A)  increased water conservation by kidneys. 
B)  to stimulate kidney cells to secrete renin. 
C)  increase urine output to remove excess fluid. 
D)  increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption. 
E)  inhibition of aldosterone. 
A)  increased water conservation by kidneys. 
B)  to stimulate kidney cells to secrete renin. 
C)  increase urine output to remove excess fluid. 
D)  increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption. 
E)  inhibition of aldosterone.

Question 16

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets
  
Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the hormone labeled "13."

Accepted Answer

A)  LH 
B)  progesterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  testosterone 
A)  LH 
B)  progesterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  testosterone

Question 17

Two hormones that have opposing effects are called

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonists. 
B)  agonists. 
C)  resistors. 
D)  synergists. 
E)  adjuvants. 
A)  antagonists. 
B)  agonists. 
C)  resistors. 
D)  synergists. 
E)  adjuvants.

Question 18

Which of the following is not an antagonistic hormone pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon; insulin 
B)  calcitonin; parathyroid hormone 
C)  leptin; thymosins 
D)  aldosterone; atrial natriuretic peptide 
E)  FSH; inhibin 
A)  glucagon; insulin 
B)  calcitonin; parathyroid hormone 
C)  leptin; thymosins 
D)  aldosterone; atrial natriuretic peptide 
E)  FSH; inhibin

Question 19

Which of the following is not true regarding Type 1 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatic destruction of beta cells 
B)  need insulin injections or infusion 
C)  tissues exhibit insulin resistance 
D)  accounts for only about 5% of cases of diabetes 
E)  usually diagnosed in children or young adults 
A)  pancreatic destruction of beta cells 
B)  need insulin injections or infusion 
C)  tissues exhibit insulin resistance 
D)  accounts for only about 5% of cases of diabetes 
E)  usually diagnosed in children or young adults

Question 20

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the

Accepted Answer

A)  hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. 
B)  cell membrane becomes depolarized. 
C)  second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. 
D)  cell becomes inactive. 
E)  hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA. 
A)  hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. 
B)  cell membrane becomes depolarized. 
C)  second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. 
D)  cell becomes inactive. 
E)  hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA.

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Excess production of hormones by the zona reticularis may lead to which disorder?

Two hormones that have additive effects are called

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce

The heart secretes the hormone

All of the following are known effects of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissues except

In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus all of the following are true, except

Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of

The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces

At about 4pm in the afternoon, you could expect that ________ will be released if you have not eaten since12pm.

Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include all ofthefollowing except

Which of the following hormones increases and prolongs effects of the sympathetic nervous system?

Hypophyseal portal system capillaries are

Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of target cells.

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is

Figure 18-1 Pituitary Hormones and Their Targets Use Figure 18-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the hormone labeled "13."

Two hormones that have opposing effects are called

Which of the following is not an antagonistic hormone pair?

Which of the following is not true regarding Type 1 Diabetes?

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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