Question 1

Which is not a component of the RAAS and does not contribute to blood volume and electrolyte homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  renin 
B)  angiotensin 
C)  ADH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  androgens 
A)  renin 
B)  angiotensin 
C)  ADH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  androgens

Question 2

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is

Accepted Answer

A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH. 
A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH.

Question 3

The anterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  basal ganglion. 
B)  infundibulum. 
C)  adenohypophysis. 
D)  mesencephalon. 
E)  neurohypophysis. 
A)  basal ganglion. 
B)  infundibulum. 
C)  adenohypophysis. 
D)  mesencephalon. 
E)  neurohypophysis.

Question 4

Growth hormone does all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  promote bone growth. 
B)  promote muscle growth. 
C)  promote cortisol release. 
D)  spare glucose. 
E)  promote amino acid uptake by cells. 
A)  promote bone growth. 
B)  promote muscle growth. 
C)  promote cortisol release. 
D)  spare glucose. 
E)  promote amino acid uptake by cells.

Question 5

The thyroid gland is composed of many ________ that produce and store thyroid hormone.

Accepted Answer

A)  tubules 
B)  follicles 
C)  ducts 
D)  capillaries 
E)  plexuses 
A)  tubules 
B)  follicles 
C)  ducts 
D)  capillaries 
E)  plexuses

Question 6

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid hormone. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  calcitonin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  oxytocin. 
A)  parathyroid hormone. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  calcitonin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  oxytocin.

Question 7

The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  failure of electrolyte balance. 
B)  an increasing ability to produce glucose from glycogen. 
C)  increased pumping effectiveness of the heart. 
D)  a sharp increase in motivation and energy. 
E)  an increase in urine output. 
A)  failure of electrolyte balance. 
B)  an increasing ability to produce glucose from glycogen. 
C)  increased pumping effectiveness of the heart. 
D)  a sharp increase in motivation and energy. 
E)  an increase in urine output.

Question 8

The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex produces

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  norepinephrine. 
A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  norepinephrine.

Question 9

If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon. 
B)  GHIH. 
C)  thyroid hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  antidiuretic hormone. 
A)  glucagon. 
B)  GHIH. 
C)  thyroid hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  antidiuretic hormone.

Question 10

________ are chemical messengers that are released by cells and transported in the bloodstream to alter theactivities of specific cells in other tissues.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hormones 
B)  Neuropeptides 
C)  Neurotransmitters 
D)  Humoral antibodies 
E)  Antigens 
A)  Hormones 
B)  Neuropeptides 
C)  Neurotransmitters 
D)  Humoral antibodies 
E)  Antigens

Question 11

Peptide hormones are

Accepted Answer

A)  composed of amino acids. 
B)  produced by the adrenal glands. 
C)  derived from the amino acid tyrosine. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  chemically related to cholesterol. 
A)  composed of amino acids. 
B)  produced by the adrenal glands. 
C)  derived from the amino acid tyrosine. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  chemically related to cholesterol.

Question 12

The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is

Accepted Answer

A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH. 
A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH.

Question 13

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is

Accepted Answer

A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH. 
A)  TSH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  FSH. 
D)  LH. 
E)  GH.

Question 14

If stress lasts longer than a few hours, an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

Accepted Answer

A)  alarm 
B)  resistance 
C)  exhaustion 
D)  extension 
E)  prolonged 
A)  alarm 
B)  resistance 
C)  exhaustion 
D)  extension 
E)  prolonged

Question 15

The pituitary gland is located within this structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone 
B)  hypoglossal canal 
C)  crista galli 
D)  sella turcica of the sphenoid bone 
E)  petrous part of the temporal bone 
A)  the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone 
B)  hypoglossal canal 
C)  crista galli 
D)  sella turcica of the sphenoid bone 
E)  petrous part of the temporal bone

Question 16

Which of the following hormones stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to take in glucose from the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin 
B)  cortisol 
C)  insulin 
D)  glucagon 
E)  parathyroid hormone 
A)  calcitonin 
B)  cortisol 
C)  insulin 
D)  glucagon 
E)  parathyroid hormone

Question 17

The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by

Accepted Answer

A)  direct neural stimulation. 
B)  indirect osmotic control. 
C)  secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal system. 
D)  altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. 
E)  gap synaptic junctions. 
A)  direct neural stimulation. 
B)  indirect osmotic control. 
C)  secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal system. 
D)  altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. 
E)  gap synaptic junctions.

Question 18

Before the discovery of these glands, thyroid surgery often led to a rapid drop in blood calcium levels,which triggered muscle contractions and cardiac arrhythmias. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid glands; calcitonin 
B)  parathyroid glands; calcitonin 
C)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone 
D)  thyroid glands; levothyroxine 
E)  parathyroid glands; levothyroxine 
A)  thyroid glands; calcitonin 
B)  parathyroid glands; calcitonin 
C)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone 
D)  thyroid glands; levothyroxine 
E)  parathyroid glands; levothyroxine

Question 19

Increased activity of phosphodiesterase in a target cell would decrease its level of

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  thyroid hormone. 
D)  cAMP. 
E)  progesterone. 
A)  testosterone. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  thyroid hormone. 
D)  cAMP. 
E)  progesterone.

Question 20

This hormone is released in response to PTH and its actions are synergistic to PTH.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitriol 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  inhibin 
D)  cholecystokinin 
E)  pancreatic polypeptide 
A)  calcitriol 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  inhibin 
D)  cholecystokinin 
E)  pancreatic polypeptide

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Which is not a component of the RAAS and does not contribute to blood volume and electrolyte homeostasis?

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is

The anterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the

Growth hormone does all of the following except

The thyroid gland is composed of many ________ that produce and store thyroid hormone.

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by

The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex produces

If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting

________ are chemical messengers that are released by cells and transported in the bloodstream to alter theactivities of specific cells in other tissues.

Peptide hormones are

The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is

If stress lasts longer than a few hours, an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

The pituitary gland is located within this structure.

Which of the following hormones stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to take in glucose from the blood?

The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by

Before the discovery of these glands, thyroid surgery often led to a rapid drop in blood calcium levels,which triggered muscle contractions and cardiac arrhythmias. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking?

Increased activity of phosphodiesterase in a target cell would decrease its level of

This hormone is released in response to PTH and its actions are synergistic to PTH.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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