Question 1

Approximately 65 to 75% of the eye's focusing ability comes from the:

Accepted Answer

A) cornea. 
B) pupil. 
C) lens. 
D) retina. 
A) cornea. 
B) pupil. 
C) lens. 
D) retina.

Question 2

On each trial in an experiment, a researcher exposes participants to either a pleasant or an unpleasant priming picture for several milliseconds. She then shows participants a picture of a person's face and asks the participants to rate the person's likeability. The researcher is MOST likely studying:

Accepted Answer

A) subliminal influences. 
B) adaptation. 
C) difference thresholds. 
D) transduction. 
A) subliminal influences. 
B) adaptation. 
C) difference thresholds. 
D) transduction.

Question 3

Which region of the ear is correctly matched with a general description of its function?

Accepted Answer

A) outer ear - collection 
B) middle ear - reception 
C) inner ear - amplification 
D) All of these are correctly matched. 
A) outer ear - collection 
B) middle ear - reception 
C) inner ear - amplification 
D) All of these are correctly matched.

Question 4

About _____% of European-American males exhibit a color deficiency. About _____% of European-American females exhibit a color deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) 1; 1 
B) 1; 8 
C) 8; 1 
D) 8; 8 
A) 1; 1 
B) 1; 8 
C) 8; 1 
D) 8; 8

Question 5

With respect to the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color perception, which statement is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Trichromatic theory has largely been discredited. 
B) Opponent-process theory has largely been discredited. 
C) Trichromatic theory describes color processing early in the visual system; opponent-process theory describes color processing later on in the visual system. 
D) Opponent-process theory describes color processing early in the visual system; trichromatic theory describes color processing later on in the visual system. 
A) Trichromatic theory has largely been discredited. 
B) Opponent-process theory has largely been discredited. 
C) Trichromatic theory describes color processing early in the visual system; opponent-process theory describes color processing later on in the visual system. 
D) Opponent-process theory describes color processing early in the visual system; trichromatic theory describes color processing later on in the visual system.

Question 6

Which of the following represents a knowledge-based explanation of the Müller-Lyer illusion?

Accepted Answer

A) Observers make more eye movements away from the center of the horizontal line when the arrowheads point inward than when they point outward. The horizontal line is thus perceived as longer when the arrowheads point inward than when they point outward. 
B) Based on their experience with the built environment, observers perceive the inward-pointing arrowheads as a nearby outside corner of a building or other rectangular object; in contrast, the outward pointing arrowheads are seen as a more distant, but larger, inside corner. 
C) Both of these statements reflect knowledge-based explanations of the Müller-Lyer illusion. 
D) Neither of these statements reflects a knowledge-based explanation of the Müller-Lyer illusion. 
A) Observers make more eye movements away from the center of the horizontal line when the arrowheads point inward than when they point outward. The horizontal line is thus perceived as longer when the arrowheads point inward than when they point outward. 
B) Based on their experience with the built environment, observers perceive the inward-pointing arrowheads as a nearby outside corner of a building or other rectangular object; in contrast, the outward pointing arrowheads are seen as a more distant, but larger, inside corner. 
C) Both of these statements reflect knowledge-based explanations of the Müller-Lyer illusion. 
D) Neither of these statements reflects a knowledge-based explanation of the Müller-Lyer illusion.

Question 7

Sounds cause immediate damage to the auditory system when their amplitude exceeds:

Accepted Answer

A) 70 dB. 
B) 140 dB. 
C) 70 Hz. 
D) 140 Hz. 
A) 70 dB. 
B) 140 dB. 
C) 70 Hz. 
D) 140 Hz.

Question 8

With respect to slow pain fibers, which statement is True?

Accepted Answer

A) They consist of relatively large neurons. 
B) They transmit information using endorphins. 
C) They consist of myelinated neurons. 
D) They consist of unmyelinated neurons. 
A) They consist of relatively large neurons. 
B) They transmit information using endorphins. 
C) They consist of myelinated neurons. 
D) They consist of unmyelinated neurons.

Question 9

According to the textbook, the average person can see _____ colors.

Accepted Answer

A) nearly 1,000 
B) about 10,000 
C) just over 200,000 
D) over 2,000,000 
A) nearly 1,000 
B) about 10,000 
C) just over 200,000 
D) over 2,000,000

Question 10

Identify one of your favorite foods. Explain how olfactory and gustatory structures and processes contribute to your experience of the food's taste.

Accepted Answer

A sample answer should look something li

Question 11

Which structure of the eye is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

A) pupil - tough transparent structure that focuses light 
B) cornea - clear outer layer covering the eye 
C) iris - black hole in the center of the eye 
D) lens - muscles controlling the amount of light entering the eye 
A) pupil - tough transparent structure that focuses light 
B) cornea - clear outer layer covering the eye 
C) iris - black hole in the center of the eye 
D) lens - muscles controlling the amount of light entering the eye

Question 12

According to the text, nearly 1 in _____ American teens suffers some degree of hearing loss.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 8 
A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 8

Question 13

The olfactory receptors are located in the:

Accepted Answer

A) olfactory epithelium. 
B) olfactory bulb. 
C) papillae. 
D) glomeruli. 
A) olfactory epithelium. 
B) olfactory bulb. 
C) papillae. 
D) glomeruli.

Question 14

In its discussion of perceptual set, the textbook suggests that people see what they expect to see. Perceptual set, therefore, is an example of a _____ influence on perception.

Accepted Answer

A) data-based 
B) knowledge-based 
C) top-down 
D) knowledge-based or top-down 
A) data-based 
B) knowledge-based 
C) top-down 
D) knowledge-based or top-down

Question 15

The cornea and the lens both contribute to focusing light waves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

People are more sensitive to bitter tastes than they are to sweet ones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which statement MOST accurately expresses the relationship between knowledge-based and data-based processing?

Accepted Answer

A) Some stimuli are processed in a data-based fashion, whereas others are processed in a knowledge-based manner. 
B) The contribution to perception of data-based processes is much smaller than that of knowledge-based processes. 
C) Knowledge-based processes only contribute to perception when stimuli are highly unusual, unexpected, or ambiguous. 
D) Knowledge-based and data-based processes occur simultaneously during the perception of many, if not all, stimuli. 
A) Some stimuli are processed in a data-based fashion, whereas others are processed in a knowledge-based manner. 
B) The contribution to perception of data-based processes is much smaller than that of knowledge-based processes. 
C) Knowledge-based processes only contribute to perception when stimuli are highly unusual, unexpected, or ambiguous. 
D) Knowledge-based and data-based processes occur simultaneously during the perception of many, if not all, stimuli.

Question 18

There are _____ taste buds. Each of these contains _____ taste receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) 5; 5,000 to 10,000 
B) 5,000 to 10,000; 5 
C) 5,000 to 10,000; 50 to100 
D) 5,000 to 10,000; 5,000 to 10,000 
A) 5; 5,000 to 10,000 
B) 5,000 to 10,000; 5 
C) 5,000 to 10,000; 50 to100 
D) 5,000 to 10,000; 5,000 to 10,000

Question 19

Dogs see the world in black and white.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The textbook describes young triplets who were outfitted with cochlear implants. Which statement is True regarding cochlear implants?

Accepted Answer

A) Cochlear implants work by amplifying incoming sound waves. 
B) Cochlear implants enable many people to understand language. 
C) Hearing with a cochlear implant is the same as hearing with two ears. 
D) The deaf community has embraced cochlear implants. 
A) Cochlear implants work by amplifying incoming sound waves. 
B) Cochlear implants enable many people to understand language. 
C) Hearing with a cochlear implant is the same as hearing with two ears. 
D) The deaf community has embraced cochlear implants.

Approximately 65 to 75% of the eye's focusing ability comes from the:

Which region of the ear is correctly matched with a general description of its function?

About _% of European-American males exhibit a color deficiency. About _% of European-American females exhibit a color deficiency.

With respect to the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color perception, which statement is MOST accurate?

Which of the following represents a knowledge-based explanation of the Müller-Lyer illusion?

Sounds cause immediate damage to the auditory system when their amplitude exceeds:

With respect to slow pain fibers, which statement is True?

According to the textbook, the average person can see _____ colors.

Identify one of your favorite foods. Explain how olfactory and gustatory structures and processes contribute to your experience of the food's taste.

Which structure of the eye is correctly matched with its description?

According to the text, nearly 1 in _____ American teens suffers some degree of hearing loss.

The olfactory receptors are located in the:

In its discussion of perceptual set, the textbook suggests that people see what they expect to see. Perceptual set, therefore, is an example of a _____ influence on perception.

The cornea and the lens both contribute to focusing light waves.

People are more sensitive to bitter tastes than they are to sweet ones.

Which statement MOST accurately expresses the relationship between knowledge-based and data-based processing?

There are _ taste buds. Each of these contains _ taste receptors.

Dogs see the world in black and white.

The textbook describes young triplets who were outfitted with cochlear implants. Which statement is True regarding cochlear implants?

An Introduction to Psychology

Research Methods

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Human Development

Sexuality and Gender

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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Exam 3: Biology and Behavior

Approximately 65 to 75% of the eye's focusing ability comes from the:

Which region of the ear is correctly matched with a general description of its function?

About _____% of European-American males exhibit a color deficiency. About _____% of European-American females exhibit a color deficiency.

With respect to the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color perception, which statement is MOST accurate?

Which of the following represents a knowledge-based explanation of the Müller-Lyer illusion?

Sounds cause immediate damage to the auditory system when their amplitude exceeds:

With respect to slow pain fibers, which statement is True?

According to the textbook, the average person can see _____ colors.

Identify one of your favorite foods. Explain how olfactory and gustatory structures and processes contribute to your experience of the food's taste.

Which structure of the eye is correctly matched with its description?

According to the text, nearly 1 in _____ American teens suffers some degree of hearing loss.

The olfactory receptors are located in the:

In its discussion of perceptual set, the textbook suggests that people see what they expect to see. Perceptual set, therefore, is an example of a _____ influence on perception.

The cornea and the lens both contribute to focusing light waves.

People are more sensitive to bitter tastes than they are to sweet ones.

Which statement MOST accurately expresses the relationship between knowledge-based and data-based processing?

There are _____ taste buds. Each of these contains _____ taste receptors.

Dogs see the world in black and white.

The textbook describes young triplets who were outfitted with cochlear implants. Which statement is True regarding cochlear implants?

An Introduction to Psychology

Research Methods

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Human Development

Sexuality and Gender

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

About _% of European-American males exhibit a color deficiency. About _% of European-American females exhibit a color deficiency.

There are _ taste buds. Each of these contains _ taste receptors.