Exam 5: Pharmacodynamics

These type of drugs produce a response when they bind to the receptor:

What adjustments in drug therapy may be needed to compensate for liver or kidney disease?

Which of the following are names of isoenzymes with the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme system? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Receptors can be located (select all that apply):

An interaction where diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for allergies is given with the antianxiety drug alprazolam(Xanax), causing excessive sedation and fatigue is called:

If a substrate is taken with an inhibitor of the same isoenzyme, the result would be:

Certain risk factors increase the incidence of a drug interaction, such as: (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

If a drug is more potent than another drug, it is more efficacious than the other drug.

If a patient has kidney disease, what is affected and what happens to drugs?

If a person has cardiovascular disease, drug distribution, metabolism and excretion may be affected negatively.

The most common isoenzyme system of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme system is:

Explain the following terms: minimum effective concentration, minimum toxic concentration and therapeutic window.

When simvastatin (substrate), a cholesterol-lowering product, is combined with grapefruit juice (inhibitor), it results in a decreased levels of simvastatin in the body.

An example of antagonistic interaction would be a patient taking penicillin (a bactericidal antibiotic) and azithromycin (a bacteriostatic antibiotic) together, resulting in an increase of the blood levels of penicillin.

The drug or the natural body substance attaches to its receptor, much like a lock and a key.

Dosing adjustments would need to be done for the following conditions: (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Within a population, a dose of medication may produce a dramatic response in one patient while having no effect in another.

Within the kidney is a system of enzymes called the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzyme system, and these enzymes are used to metabolize or chemically alter drugs.

Agonists are drugs referred to as facilitators of cellular action.

A drug that increases the amount and activity of that specific CYP450 isoenzyme is called: